Glucosinolates As Natural Pesticides

1999 ◽  
pp. 97-108
Keyword(s):  
Natural Pesticides

scholarly journals Transcriptional Responses and GCMS Analysis for the Biosynthesis of Pyrethrins and Volatile Terpenes in Tanacetum coccineum

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 13005
Author(s):  
Tuo Zeng ◽  
Jia-Wen Li ◽  
Li Zhou ◽  
Zhi-Zhuo Xu ◽  
Jin-Jin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Natural Pesticides ◽  
Volatile Terpenes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mammalian Toxicity

Natural pyrethrins have been widely used as natural pesticides due to their low mammalian toxicity and environmental friendliness. Previous studies have mainly focused on Tanacetum cinerariifolium, which contains high levels of pyrethrins and volatile terpenes that play significant roles in plant defense and pollination. However, there is little information on T. coccineum due to its lower pyrethrin content and low commercial value. In this study, we measured the transcriptome and metabolites of the leaves (L), flower buds (S1), and fully blossomed flowers (S4) of T. coccineum. The results show that the expression of pyrethrins and precursor terpene backbone genes was low in the leaves, and then rapidly increased in the S1 stage before decreasing again in the S4 stage. The results also show that pyrethrins primarily accumulated at the S4 stage. However, the content of volatile terpenes was consistently low. This perhaps suggests that, despite T. coccineum and T. cinerariifolium having similar gene expression patterns and accumulation of pyrethrins, T. coccineum attracts pollinators via its large and colorful flowers rather than via inefficient and metabolically expensive volatile terpenes, as in T. cinerariifolium. This is the first instance of de novo transcriptome sequencing reported for T. coccineum. The present results could provide insights into pyrethrin biosynthetic pathways and will be helpful for further understanding how plants balance the cost–benefit relationship between plant defense and pollination.

PENGARUH APLIKASI POC ( PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR ) URIN KAMBING DAN PESTISIDA ALAMI TERHADAP RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KACANG PANJANG ( Vigna sinensis L. ) BEDA VARIETAS DI DESA GUNUNG SELAMAT BILAH HULU LABUHAN BATU

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Kristi Pertiwi ◽  
Khairul Rizal ◽  
Yudi Triyanto
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Vigna Sinensis ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Natural Pesticides

AbstractThe Effect Of POC (Liquid Organic Fertilizer) Application Of Goat Urine And Natural Pesticides On The Growth Response Of Long Bean (Vigna Sinensis L.) Plant In Mountain Village Bilah Hulu Labuhan Batu, Sarah Kristi Pertiwi1, Khairul Rizal S.TP, M.Si2, Yudi Triyanto SP, M.Si3 Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Labuhanbatu. Long beans (Vigna sinensis L.)  are a vegetable plant as a source of vitamins and minerals. Long beans (Vigna sinensis L.)  are also a type of legume that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. Gunung Selamat Village is one of the villages with a variety of agricultural crops, one of which is long beans (Vigna sinensis L.). However, this community service was carried out because of the many problems faced by farmers, which caused the growth of long beans (Vigna sinensis L.)  to decline. The decline in production was caused, among others, by climate, soil, fertilizers, pests and diseases. Therefore, this community service is carried out to increase plant growth and reduce the use of synthetic fertilizers that can damage the soil ecosystem, therefore it is given the treatment of sprinkling liquid organic fertilizers on the soil and spraying vegetable pesticides from papaya leaves to prevent pests and diseases that attack long bean plants (Vigna sinensis L.). This treatment was designed to see the results of the growth rate response in long bean plants (Vigna sinensis L.). Keywords: Long Beans (Vigna sinensis L.), Liquid Organic Fertilizer, Natural Pesticides, Long Bean (Vigna sinensis L.) Plant Growth Response. AbstrakKacang Panjang (Vigna sinensis L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman sayuran sebagai sumber vitamin dan mineral. Kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.)  juga merupakan jenis kacang-kacangan yang banyak diusahakan di Indonesia. Desa Gunung Selamat merupakan salah satu desa dengan penghasilan tanaman palawija yang beragam salah satunya kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.). Namun, pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan karena banyak permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh petani sehingga menyebabkan pertumbuhan kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.)  menurun. Turunnya produksi ini antara lain disebabkan oleh iklim, tanah, pupuk, hama dan penyakit. Maka dari itu pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman serta mengurangi penggunaan pupuk sintetik yang dapat merusak ekosistem tanah, maka dari itu diberi perlakuan penyiraman pupuk organik cair pada tanah serta penyemprotan pestisida nabati dari daun pepaya untuk mencegah hama dan penyakit yang menyerang tanaman kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.). Perlakuan ini dibuat untuk melihat hasil respon tingkat pertumbuhan pada tanaman kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.).

BIOPESTICIDE POTENTIAL OF (7R)-TRANS, TRANS-NEPETALACTONE AND CIS-LACHNOPHYLLUM ESTER IN CONTROL OF MUSTARD APHID, LIPAPHIS ERYSIMI (KALT.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Chandra Shekhar Mathela ◽  
Geeta Tewari ◽  
Ajay Kumar Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Acetylenic Compound ◽  
Mustard Aphid ◽  
Synthetic Pesticide ◽  
Natural Pesticides ◽  
Erigeron Annuus

(7R)-trans, trans-nepetalactone; a monoterpene iridoid (1) and acetylenic compound named cis-lachnophyllum ester (2) were isolated from the essential oils of Nepeta elliptica and Erigeron annuus, respectively and characterized using a combination of their spectral data  (1D-and 2D-NMR, MS, IR). Compound 1 and 2 were tested for biopesticide activity against mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.). Compound 1 exhibited high insecticidal activity towards L. erysimi with LC50 values of 2.18 and 2.73 mg/mL; LT50 values of 15.24 and 17.18 h. Compound 2 also displayed significant insecticidal activity having LC50 values of 0.85 and 4.70 mg/mL; LT50 values of 13.25 and 26.2 h. The activity of compounds 1 and 2 were comparable with synthetic pesticide, monocrotophos used as positive control and thus has potential as natural pesticides for use in economically important crops.

scholarly journals Alleloppathic effects and insecticidal activity of the aqueous extract of Satureja montana L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Sucur ◽  
Aleksandra Popovic ◽  
Milos Petrovic ◽  
Goran Anackov ◽  
Vojislava Bursic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Black Nightshade ◽  
Natural Pesticides ◽  
Satureja Montana

Extensive use of synthetic insecticides, herbicides and other pesticides has negative effects on the environment and on human and animal health. Therefore scientists are turning towards natural pesticides such as active components of plant extracts. Effect of two concentrations (0.1% and 0.2%) of Satureja montana L. aqueous extract on lipid peroxidation process, as well as the activity of the antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPX, PPX and CAT) in leaves and roots of pepper and black nightshade seedlings were examined 24, 72 and 120h after the treatment. Our results showed that higher concentration of S. montana aqueous extract induced lipid peroxidation in black nightshade roots. Furthermore, significant increases of pyrogallol and guaiacol peroxidase were detected in black nightshade leaves treated with 0.2% S. montana aqueous extract. The second aim was to evaluate effectiveness of aqueous extract as contact toxicant against whitefly. It was observed that aqueous extract with concentration of 0.2% showed toxic effect with 68.33% mortality after 96h.

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