Tobacco Use, Smoking Cessation, and Obesity

BACKGROUND Smoking cessation support on Facebook (FB) is a cost-effective and extensible way to reduce tobacco use among young people. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a practical counselling style in face-to-face smoking cessation support and can be useful in web-based interventions as well. OBJECTIVE This study aimed at identifying which post creation strategies based on MI could achieve positive changes in FB post characteristics and FB users’ comments. METHODS We included MI-adherent posts (N=701) which were not boosted and were targeted at tobacco users. These FB posts have been categorized into five different groups according to specific MI strategies. The control group comprised entertaining and informative posts. Primary outcomes seem to highlight how the content has stimulated interactions (engagement rate), inhibited interactions (negative feedback) or appealed to the audience of the FB page (fan-total reach ratio). The first comments received on the FB posts were evaluated and used as secondary outcomes. We applied the classification of MI approach: change talk (CT), sustain talk (ST), desire, ability, reason, need (DARN), and commitment, activation, taking steps (CAT). RESULTS FB posts which used MI strategies were associated with significantly higher engagement rate (p=.010), higher fan-total reach ratio (p<.001), and more CT (p<.001), DARN (p=.005), or CAT comments (p=.003) compared to the control group. ‘Elaborating CT’ strategies elicited considerably more CT (p<.001) and DARN comments (p=.020). ‘Affirming CT’ strategies obtained higher fan-total reach ratio (p=.011) and generated significantly more CT (p=.006) and CAT comments (p<.001). ‘Reflecting CT’ strategies received significantly higher fan-total reach ratio (p<.001). Finally, ‘relational MI’ strategies achieved significantly higher engagement rate (p<.001) compared to the control group. It should be noted that we did not find significant difference in negative feedback and the number of ST comments. CONCLUSIONS Post creation strategies based on MI stimulated interactions with FB users and generated conversation about tobacco use cessation without relevant negative feedback. Our findings suggest that MI strategies may play a remarkable role in post creation within a web-based smoking cessation intervention. In the future, these strategies could be applicable to other online platforms, such as public health websites, health blogs, mobile applications or social networking groups.

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The effect of coverage of smoking‐cessation aids on tobacco use: Evidence from Canada

Health Economics ◽

10.1002/hec.4375 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yichen Shen ◽

Haruko Noguchi

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Tobacco Use

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A Collaborative Model for Facilitating the Delivery of Smoking Cessation Treatments to Cancer Patients: Results From Three Oncology Practices in South Carolina

The Journal of Smoking Cessation ◽

10.1017/jsc.2018.23 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 112-124

Author(s):

Daniel J. Kilpatrick ◽

Kathleen B. Cartmell ◽

Abdoulaye Diedhiou ◽

K. Michael Cummings ◽

Graham W. Warren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

South Carolina ◽

Quality Improvement ◽

Collaborative Learning ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Tobacco Cessation ◽

Dissemination And Implementation ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Cancer Centers

Introduction: Continued smoking by cancer patients causes adverse cancer treatment outcomes, but few patients receive evidence-based smoking cessation as a standard of care.Aim: To evaluate practical strategies to promote wide-scale dissemination and implementation of evidence-based tobacco cessation services within state cancer centers.Methods: A Collaborative Learning Model (CLM) for Quality Improvement was evaluated with three community oncology practices to identify barriers and facilitate practice change to deliver evidence-based smoking cessation treatments to cancer patients using standardized assessments and referrals to statewide smoking cessation resources. Patients were enrolled and tracked through an automated data system and received follow-up cessation support post-enrollment. Monthly quantitative reports and qualitative data gathered through interviews and collaborative learning sessions were used to evaluate meaningful quality improvement changes in each cancer center.Results: Baseline practice evaluation for the CLM identified the lack of tobacco use documentation, awareness of cessation guidelines, and awareness of services for patients as common barriers. Implementation of a structured assessment and referral process demonstrated that of 1,632 newly registered cancer patients,1,581 (97%) were screened for tobacco use. Among those screened, 283 (18%) were found to be tobacco users. Of identified tobacco users, 207 (73%) were advised to quit. Referral of new patients who reported using tobacco to an evidence-based cessation program increased from 0% at baseline across all three cancer centers to 64% (range = 30%–89%) during the project period.Conclusions: Implementation of quality improvement learning collaborative models can dramatically improve delivery of guideline-based tobacco cessation treatments to cancer patients.

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Duration of smoking cessation for the prevention of surgical wound healing complications

Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP ◽

10.1590/s0080-623420140000100022 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 170-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Barbara Vieira Cavichio ◽

Daniele Alcalá Pompeo ◽

Graziella Allana Serra Alves de Oliveira Oller ◽

Lídia Aparecida Rossi

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Latin American ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Perioperative Period ◽

Caribbean Literature ◽

Surgical Wound ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Tobacco Use Cessation

The study aimed to find scientific evidence about the duration of preoperative smoking cessation required to reduce surgical wound healing complications. An integrative review was performed in the databases, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), from 08/17/2012 to 09/17/2012, using the keywords: tobacco use cessation and wound healing; tobacco use cessation and preoperative period; tobacco use cessation and perioperative period (LILACS) and tobacco use cessation and perioperative period; tobacco use cessation and wound healing (MEDLINE). Out of the 81 eligible studies, 12 were included. The duration of smoking cessation needed to reduce healing complications was at least four weeks (four studies with level of evidence I, three studies with level of evidence II, two studies with level of evidence IV, and one study with level of evidence VII).

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Characteristics and Correlates of Tobacco Use in a Community Sample of Sexual Minority Men and Women: Implications for Smoking Cessation Program Development

LGBT Health ◽

10.1089/lgbt.2016.0157 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 197-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Conall O'Cleirigh ◽

Steven A. Elsesser ◽

Dana King ◽

Peter P. Ehlinger ◽

Judith B. Bradford ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Program Development ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Sexual Minority ◽

Community Sample ◽

Smoking Cessation Program ◽

Men And Women ◽

Sexual Minority Men ◽

Minority Men

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Nicotine and Tobacco

ASAM Handbook of Addiction Medicine ◽

10.1093/med/9780197506172.003.0007 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 149-182

Author(s):

Shadi Nahvi ◽

Darius A. Rastegar

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Chronic Lung Disease ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Withdrawal Symptoms ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Exhaled Carbon Monoxide

Nicotine is responsible for the psychoactive and habit-forming effects of tobacco. Approximately 30% of Americans use tobacco products; half of them are nicotine-dependent. Nicotine has mild stimulant effects. Overdose is rare in experienced users. Some may develop nausea, vomiting, weakness, and dizziness. Withdrawal symptoms include craving, irritability, anxiety, restlessness, and increased appetite. Smokers have elevated exhaled carbon monoxide and serum carboxyhemoglobin levels. Cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, can be detected in blood and urine. Many medical conditions are associated with tobacco use (particularly smoking), including cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, and a variety of malignancies. A number of interventions can help increase smoking cessation rates, including physician advice, counseling, nicotine replacement, varenicline, and bupropion. Electronic cigarettes may help smokers quit or reduce their smoking.

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Concurrent Daily and Non-Daily Use of Heated Tobacco Products with Combustible Cigarettes: Findings from the 2018 ITC Japan Survey

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17062098 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 2098 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Edward Sutanto ◽

Connor Miller ◽

Danielle M. Smith ◽

Ron Borland ◽

Andrew Hyland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Lower Number ◽

Web Survey ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Concurrent Use ◽

Frequency Of Use ◽

Concurrent User ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Almost All

Use of heated tobacco products (HTPs) among current smokers is becoming increasingly popular in Japan. This study aims to compare characteristics and tobacco-related behaviors among concurrent users of HTPs and combustible cigarettes (n = 644) with exclusive smokers (n = 3194) or exclusive HTP users (n = 164). The secondary aim was to explore heterogeneity within concurrent use subgroups. Data were from Wave 1 of the ITC Japan Survey, a nationally representative web survey conducted from February to March 2018. Concurrent cigarette-HTP users were younger and wealthier than exclusive smokers. However, there were no difference in the frequency of smoking, number of cigarettes per day, and smoking cessation behaviors between the two groups, suggesting that HTPs reinforce nicotine dependence. Compared to exclusive HTP users, concurrent cigarette-HTP users reported higher frequency of non-daily HTP use, and lower number of tobacco-containing inserts per day. Almost all concurrent cigarette-HTP users smoked every day (93.9%); 48.4% both smoked and used HTPs daily (dual daily users, n = 396), while 45.5% were daily smokers and non-daily HTP users (predominant smokers, n = 213). Concurrent user subgroups differed from each other on age, tobacco use behaviors, and quit intention. Alongside heterogeneity between concurrent and exclusive product users, differences across concurrent use subgroups highlight the importance of considering frequency of use in characterizing poly-tobacco users.

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Impact of COVID-19 on the Hong Kong Youth Quitline Service and Quitting Behaviors of Its Users

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17228397 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (22) ◽

pp. 8397

Author(s):

Laurie Long Kwan Ho ◽

William Ho Cheung Li ◽

Ankie Tan Cheung ◽

Wei Xia ◽

Man Ping Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Hong Kong ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Telephone Survey ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Quit Rate ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Young Smokers ◽

The Impact

Tobacco use is a possible risk factor for contracting and spreading COVID-19. We aimed to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Youth Quitline service and quitting behaviors of its users in Hong Kong. We conducted a telephone survey involving 201 participants of the Youth Quitline service, and retrospectively analyzed the operation and use of Quitline since the COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong. The number of incoming calls to the Youth Quitline and the participants′ quit rate has increased since the COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong. Many participants (68%) did not realize that tobacco use potentially increased their risk for developing and spreading COVID-19; however, 43% agreed that the pandemic motivated their intention to quit, and 83% changed their smoking habits during the pandemic. These changes were mainly due to wearing masks (30%), closure of bars/pubs (25%), suspension of classes (14%), and being unable to socialize with friends (24%). Overall, 58% reduced their tobacco use; of these participants, 66% reported a ≥50% reduction in daily cigarette consumption. The participants reduced their smoking during the COVID-19 pandemic despite lacking knowledge about the potentially increased risk for contracting COVID-19 from continued smoking. The pandemic could create new opportunities to motivate young smokers to quit smoking, especially those seeking support for smoking cessation, and may further contribute to reducing the risks posed by COVID-19.

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Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of a Novel Smoking Cessation App Designed for Individuals With Co-Occurring Tobacco Use Disorder and Serious Mental Illness

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntz202 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 1533-1542 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Roger Vilardaga ◽

Javier Rizo ◽

Paige E Palenski ◽

Paolo Mannelli ◽

Jason A Oliver ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽

Tobacco Use Disorder ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Cessation Treatment ◽

Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Introduction High rates of tobacco use among people with serious mental illness (SMI), along with their unique needs, suggest the importance of developing tailored smoking cessation interventions for this group. Previous early-phase work empirically validated the design and content of Learn to Quit, a theory-based app designed for this population. Methods In a pilot randomized controlled trial, we compared the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of Learn to Quit versus QuitGuide, an app designed for the general population. All participants received nicotine replacement therapy and technical assistance. Daily smokers with SMI (N = 62) participated in the trial with outcomes assessed at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16. Results Compared to QuitGuide, Learn to Quit participants had similar number of days of app use (34 vs. 32, p = .754), but larger number of app interactions (335 vs. 205; p = .001), longer durations of app use (4.24 hrs. vs. 2.14 hrs; p = .044), and higher usability scores (85 vs. 79, p = .046). At week 16, Learn to Quit led to greater reductions in cigarettes per day (12.3 vs. 5.9 for QuitGuide; p = 0.10). Thirty-day point prevalence abstinence was verified in 12% of Learn to Quit participants versus 3% of QuitGuide participants (odds ratio = 3.86, confidence interval = 0.41 to 36, p = .239). Changes in psychiatric symptoms and adverse events were not clinically significant between conditions. Conclusions This pilot trial provides strong evidence of Learn to Quit’s usability, feasibility, and safety. Preliminary evidence suggests the app may be efficacious. A randomized controlled efficacy trial is needed to test the app in a larger sample of smokers with SMI. Implications This study suggests that the Learn to Quit app is a feasible approach to deliver smoking cessation treatment in patients with co-occurring tobacco use disorder and SMI. This means that, if found efficacious, this technology could be used to deploy smoking cessation treatment to larger segments of this population, hence improving public health. Therefore, a randomized controlled trial should be conducted to examine the efficacy of this digital intervention.

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