Redox Metabolism in Photosynthetic Organisms

Background: Synechococcus sp. WH8102 is one of the most abundant photosynthetic organisms in many ocean regions. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify genomic islands (GIs) in Synechococcus sp. WH8102 with integrated methods. Methods: We have applied genomic barcode to identify the GIs in Synechococcus sp. WH8102, which could make genomic regions of different origins visually apparent. The gene expression data of the predicted GIs was analyzed through microarray data which was collected for functional analysis of the relevant genes. Results: Seven GIs were identified in Synechococcus sp. WH8102. Most of them are involved in cell surface modification, photosynthesis and drug resistance. In addition, our analysis also revealed the functions of these GIs, which could be used for in-depth study on the evolution of this strain. Conclusion: Genomic barcodes provide us with a comprehensive and intuitive view of the target genome. We can use it to understand the intrinsic characteristics of the whole genome and identify GIs or other similar elements.

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Proteasome dysfunction under compromised redox metabolism dictates liver injury in NASH through ASK1/PPARγ binodal complementary modules

Redox Biology ◽

10.1016/j.redox.2021.102043 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 102043

Author(s):

Debajyoti Das ◽

Avishek Paul ◽

Abhishake Lahiri ◽

Moumita Adak ◽

Sujay K. Maity ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Injury ◽

Redox Metabolism

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Redox metabolism in mussels (Brachidontes solisianus) under the influence of tides in a rocky beach in Southern Brazil

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science ◽

10.1016/j.ecss.2021.107424 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107424

Author(s):

Daniel C. Moreira ◽

Marcus A.C.T. Sabino ◽

Felipe T.B. Kuzniewski ◽

Orlando V. Furtado-Filho ◽

Juan M. Carvajalino-Fernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Southern Brazil ◽

Redox Metabolism

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Expanding the link between circadian rhythms and redox metabolism of epigenetic control

Free Radical Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.009 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tomoki Sato ◽

Carolina Magdalen Greco

Keyword(s):

Circadian Rhythms ◽

Redox Metabolism ◽

Epigenetic Control

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The Hallmarks of Flavonoids in Cancer

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26072029 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (7) ◽

pp. 2029

Author(s):

Luis Gustavo Saboia Ponte ◽

Isadora Carolina Betim Pavan ◽

Mariana Camargo Silva Mancini ◽

Luiz Guilherme Salvino da Silva ◽

Ana Paula Morelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Cycle ◽

Cell Proliferation ◽

Biological Activity ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Molecular Signaling ◽

Hallmarks Of Cancer ◽

Redox Metabolism ◽

Important Group ◽

Cellular Context

Flavonoids represent an important group of bioactive compounds derived from plant-based foods and beverages with known biological activity in cells. From the modulation of inflammation to the inhibition of cell proliferation, flavonoids have been described as important therapeutic adjuvants against several diseases, including diabetes, arteriosclerosis, neurological disorders, and cancer. Cancer is a complex and multifactor disease that has been studied for years however, its prevention is still one of the best known and efficient factors impacting the epidemiology of the disease. In the molecular and cellular context, some of the mechanisms underlying the oncogenesis and the progression of the disease are understood, known as the hallmarks of cancer. In this text, we review important molecular signaling pathways, including inflammation, immunity, redox metabolism, cell growth, autophagy, apoptosis, and cell cycle, and analyze the known mechanisms of action of flavonoids in cancer. The current literature provides enough evidence supporting that flavonoids may be important adjuvants in cancer therapy, highlighting the importance of healthy and balanced diets to prevent the onset and progression of the disease.

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Scaffolding proteins guide the evolution of algal light harvesting antennas

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-22128-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Harry W. Rathbone ◽

Katharine A. Michie ◽

Michael J. Landsberg ◽

Beverley R. Green ◽

Paul M. G. Curmi

Keyword(s):

Hydrophobic Surface ◽

Scaffolding Protein ◽

Secondary Endosymbiosis ◽

Scaffolding Proteins ◽

Α Subunit ◽

Binding Partner ◽

Photosynthetic Organisms ◽

New Family ◽

Red Algal ◽

Multiple Copies

AbstractPhotosynthetic organisms have developed diverse antennas composed of chromophorylated proteins to increase photon capture. Cryptophyte algae acquired their photosynthetic organelles (plastids) from a red alga by secondary endosymbiosis. Cryptophytes lost the primary red algal antenna, the red algal phycobilisome, replacing it with a unique antenna composed of αβ protomers, where the β subunit originates from the red algal phycobilisome. The origin of the cryptophyte antenna, particularly the unique α subunit, is unknown. Here we show that the cryptophyte antenna evolved from a complex between a red algal scaffolding protein and phycoerythrin β. Published cryo-EM maps for two red algal phycobilisomes contain clusters of unmodelled density homologous to the cryptophyte-αβ protomer. We modelled these densities, identifying a new family of scaffolding proteins related to red algal phycobilisome linker proteins that possess multiple copies of a cryptophyte-α-like domain. These domains bind to, and stabilise, a conserved hydrophobic surface on phycoerythrin β, which is the same binding site for its primary partner in the red algal phycobilisome, phycoerythrin α. We propose that after endosymbiosis these scaffolding proteins outcompeted the primary binding partner of phycoerythrin β, resulting in the demise of the red algal phycobilisome and emergence of the cryptophyte antenna.

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Carotenoids from Cyanobacteria: Biotechnological Potential and Optimization Strategies

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11050735 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 735

Author(s):

Fernando Pagels ◽

Vitor Vasconcelos ◽

Ana Catarina Guedes

Keyword(s):

Energy Dissipation ◽

Industrial Production ◽

Protein Complex ◽

Biosynthetic Pathway ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Biotechnological Potential ◽

Photosynthetic Organisms ◽

Orange Carotenoid Protein ◽

Β Carotene

Carotenoids are tetraterpenoids molecules present in all photosynthetic organisms, responsible for better light-harvesting and energy dissipation in photosynthesis. In cyanobacteria, the biosynthetic pathway of carotenoids is well described, and apart from the more common compounds (e.g., β-carotene, zeaxanthin, and echinenone), specific carotenoids can also be found, such as myxoxanthophyll. Moreover, cyanobacteria have a protein complex called orange carotenoid protein (OCP) as a mechanism of photoprotection. Although cyanobacteria are not the organism of choice for the industrial production of carotenoids, the optimisation of their production and the evaluation of their bioactive capacity demonstrate that these organisms may indeed be a potential candidate for future pigment production in a more environmentally friendly and sustainable approach of biorefinery. Carotenoids-rich extracts are described as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumoral agents and are proposed for feed and cosmetical industries. Thus, several strategies for the optimisation of a cyanobacteria-based bioprocess for the obtention of pigments were described. This review aims to give an overview of carotenoids from cyanobacteria not only in terms of their chemistry but also in terms of their biotechnological applicability and the advances and the challenges in the production of such compounds.

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ZnO nanoparticles alter redox metabolism of Limnoperna fortunei

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-021-15257-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Francine Girardello ◽

Camila Custódio Leite ◽

Luciana Bavaresco Touguinha ◽

Mariana Roesch-Ely ◽

Chrys Katielli Hoinacki da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zno Nanoparticles ◽

Limnoperna Fortunei ◽

Redox Metabolism

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