Cultural Decision Making Through Aggregate Models of Human Behavior

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jule Rosen ◽  
Anne Russell ◽  
Mark Clark ◽  
Wayne Smith
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Behavior

Neuroscience: The New English Major?

2021 ◽  
pp. 107385842110039
Author(s):  
Kristin F. Phillips ◽  
Harald Sontheimer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Graduate Education ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
Virginia Tech ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
State University ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
English Major ◽  
The Brain

Once strictly the domain of medical and graduate education, neuroscience has made its way into the undergraduate curriculum with over 230 colleges and universities now offering a bachelor’s degree in neuroscience. The disciplinary focus on the brain teaches students to apply science to the understanding of human behavior, human interactions, sensation, emotions, and decision making. In this article, we encourage new and existing undergraduate neuroscience programs to envision neuroscience as a broad discipline with the potential to develop competencies suitable for a variety of careers that reach well beyond research and medicine. This article describes our philosophy and illustrates a broad-based undergraduate degree in neuroscience implemented at a major state university, Virginia Tech. We highlight the fact that the research-centered Experimental Neuroscience major is least popular of our four distinct majors, which underscores our philosophy that undergraduate neuroscience can cater to a different audience than traditionally thought.

Sustainable circular supplier selection and evaluation in the manufacturing sector using Pythagorean fuzzy EDAS approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Pratibha Rani ◽  
Khushboo Pachori
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Supplier Selection ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Uncertain Information ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sustainable Supplier Selection ◽  
Selection Of

PurposeDue to stern management policies and increased community attentiveness, sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) performs a vast component in endeavor operation and production management. Sustainable circular supplier selection (SCSS) and evaluation presented the environmental and social concerns in the fields of circular economy and sustainable supplier selection. Choosing the optimal SCSS is vital for organizations to persuade SSCM, as specified in various researches. Based on the subjectivity of human behavior, the selection of ideal SCSS often involves uncertain information, and the Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFSs) have a huge capability to tackle strong vagueness, uncertainty and inaccuracy in the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) procedure. Here, a framework is developed to assess and establish suitable suppliers in the SSCM and the circular economy.Design/methodology/approachThis paper introduced an extended framework using the evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS) with PFSs and implemented it to solve the SCSS in the manufacturing sector. Firstly, the PFSs to handle the uncertain information of decision experts (DEs) is employed. Secondly, a novel divergence measure and parametric score function for calculating the criteria weights are proposed. Thirdly, an extended decision-making approach, known as PF-EDAS, is introduced.FindingsThe outcomes and comparative discussion show that the developed method is efficient and capable of facilitating the DEs to choose desirable SCSS. Therefore, the proposed framework can be used by organizations to assess and establish suitable suppliers in the SCSS process in the circular economy.Originality/valueSelecting the optimal sustainable circular supplier (SCS) in the manufacturing sector is important for organizations to persuade SSCM, as specified in various research. However, corresponding to the subjectivity of human behavior, the selection of the best SCS often involves uncertain information, and the PFSs have a huge capability to tackle strong vagueness, uncertainty and inaccuracy in the MCDM procedure. Hence, manufacturing companies' administrators can implement the developed method to assess and establish suitable suppliers in the SCSS process in the circular economy.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH ASPEK KEPERILAKUAN TERHADAP SISTEM AKUNTANSI (STUDI KASUS PADA PT. SINAR GALESONG PRIMA DI MANADO)

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wulan Mogontha ◽  
Grace B. Nangoi ◽  
Natalia Gerungai
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Behavioral Accounting ◽  
Trading Company ◽  
Behavioral Aspect ◽  
The Future ◽  
A Company

Accounting is information or, to be specific, accounting system. Accounting  System has important role in a company where the success of an accounting system depends on the human behavior as respond giving user. Therefore, there should be a necessary consideration regarding behavioral aspect in running an accounting system whereas be behavioral accounting is focusing on accountant’s and auditor’s decision making wether the system is run according to the company’s procedure and their objective as well. This research is aimed to analize the effect of behavioral aspect on accounting system run by PT Sinar Galesong Prima in Manado as a trading company. The method of analysis applied is multiple linear regression. The result of the conducted research shows that behavioral aspect (Attitude, Motivation, Perseption, Emotion) is not significantly affected the accounting system run by the company. It is expected that the company would give more concern, particularly to the behavioral aspect in applying the existing system so that in the future, the accounting system in the company could run effectively and efficiently according to the company’s objective.Keywords : Accounting System, Behavioral Accounting, Attitude, Motivation, Perpseption, Emotion.

How a Focus on Learning Mechanisms Can Change Our Understanding of Mental Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Heinz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Human Learning ◽  
Learning Mechanisms ◽  
Computational Approaches ◽  
Human Creativity

The last chapter summarizes the previous findings and suggests that focusing on learning mechanisms can help to appreciate the malleability and diversity of human behavior. It is suggested that dimensional and computational approaches can foster a new understanding of mental disorders and create classifications based on basic dimensions of human learning and decision making. This chapter emphasizes that a focus on learning mechanisms should help to reduce the stigma of mental disorders, as it emphasized human creativity and resilience when dealing with stressful situations.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Berit Brogaard ◽  
Dimitria Electra Gatzia
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Visual Experience ◽  
Sensory Perception ◽  
Philosophy Of Art ◽  
Action Perception ◽  
Event Perception ◽  
Sensory Experiences ◽  
The Relationship

This volume explores questions not only related to traditional sensory perception, but also to proprioceptive, interoceptive, multisensory, and event perception, expanding traditional notions of the influence that conscious non-visual experience has on human behavior and rationality. Some essays investigate the role that emotions play in decision-making and agential perception and what this means for justifications of belief and knowledge; analyze the notion that some sensory experiences, such as touch, have epistemic privilege over others, as well as the relationship between perception and introspection, and the relationship between action perception and belief; and engage with topics in aesthetics and the philosophy of art, exploring the role that artworks can play in providing us with perceptional knowledge of emotions.

Game Theory-Based Framework for Modeling Human–Vehicle Interactions on the Road

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (9) ◽  
pp. 701-713
Author(s):  
Yalda Rahmati ◽  
Alireza Talebpour ◽  
Archak Mittal ◽  
James Fishelson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
The Road ◽  
Interactive Behavior ◽  
Interactive Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Framework ◽  
On The Road

New application domains have faded the barriers between humans and robots, introducing a new set of complexities to robotic systems. The major impediment is the uncertainties associated with human decision making, which makes it challenging to predict human behavior. A realistic model of human behavior is thus vital to capture humans’ interactive behavior with their surroundings and provide robots with reliable estimates on what is most likely to happen. Focusing on operations of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) in areas with a high presence of human actors (i.e., pedestrians), this study creates an interactive decision-making framework to predict pedestrians’ trajectories when walking in a shared environment with vehicles and other pedestrians. It develops a game theoretical structure to approximate the movement and directional components of pedestrian motion using the theory of Nash equilibria in non-cooperative games. It also introduces a novel payoff structure to address the inherent uncertainties in human behavior. Ground truth pedestrian trajectories are then used to calibrate the game parameters and evaluate the model’s performance in approximating the motion decisions of human agents in interaction with interfering vehicles and pedestrians. The main contribution of the study is to develop an interactive human–vehicle decision-making framework toward realizing human–vehicle coexistence by capturing the effect of pedestrian–vehicle and pedestrian–pedestrian interactions on choice of walking strategies. The derived knowledge could be used in CAV navigation algorithms to provide the vehicle with more accurate predictions of pedestrian behavior, and in turn, improve CAV motion planning in human-populated areas.

More obstacles on the road to unification

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Alden Smith
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Real World ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Historical Contingency ◽  
Behavioral Sciences ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

The synthesis proposed by Gintis is valuable but insufficient. Greater consideration must be given to epistemological diversity within the behavioral sciences, to incorporating historical contingency and institutional constraints on decision-making, and to vigorously testing deductive models of human behavior in real-world contexts.

Models of decision-making and the coevolution of social preferences

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 838-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Henrich ◽  
Robert Boyd ◽  
Samuel Bowles ◽  
Colin Camerer ◽  
Ernst Fehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Proximate Influences ◽  
Evolutionary Explanations

We would like to thank the commentators for their generous comments, valuable insights and helpful suggestions. We begin this response by discussing the selfishness axiom and the importance of the preferences, beliefs, and constraints framework as a way of modeling some of the proximate influences on human behavior. Next, we broaden the discussion to ultimate-level (that is evolutionary) explanations, where we review and clarify gene-culture coevolutionary theory, and then tackle the possibility that evolutionary approaches that exclude culture might be sufficient to explain the data. Finally, we consider various methodological and epistemological concerns expressed by our commentators.

Stay or Go? Human Behavior and Decision Making in Bushfires and Other Emergencies

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Johnson ◽  
C. E. Johnson ◽  
C. Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Behavior
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