scholarly journals Endocrine and Physiological Changes in Response to Chronic Corticosterone: A Potential Model of the Metabolic Syndrome in Mouse

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-261
Author(s):  
Ilia N. Karatsoreos ◽  
Sarah M. Bhagat ◽  
Nicole P. Bowles ◽  
Zachary M. Weil ◽  
Donald W. Pfaff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Intermediate Phenotype ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Changes In Risk ◽  
High Doses ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Plasma Leptin

ABSTRACT Numerous clinical and experimental studies have linked stress to changes in risk factors associated with the development of physiological syndromes, including metabolic disorders. How different mediators of the stress response, such as corticosterone (CORT), influence these changes in risk remains unclear. Although CORT has beneficial short-term effects, long-term CORT exposure can result in damage to the physiological systems it protects acutely. Disruption of this important physiologic signal is observed in numerous disparate disorders, ranging from depression to Cushing’s syndrome. Thus, understanding the effects of chronic high CORT on metabolism and physiology is of key importance. We explored the effects of 4-wk exposure to CORT dissolved in the drinking water on the physiology and behavior of male mice. We used this approach as a noninvasive way of altering plasma CORT levels, whereas retaining some integrity in the diurnal rhythm present in normal animals. This approach has advantages over methods involving constant CORT pellets, CORT injections, or adrenalectomy. We found that high doses of CORT (100 μg/ml) result in rapid and dramatic increases in weight gain, increased adiposity, elevated plasma leptin, insulin and triglyceride levels, hyperphagia, and decreased home-cage locomotion. A lower dose of CORT (25 μg/ml) resulted in an intermediate phenotype in some of these measures, whereas having no effect on others. We propose that the physiological changes observed in the high-CORT animals approximate changes observed in individuals suffering from the metabolic syndrome and that they potentially serve as a model for hypercortisolemia and stress-related obesity.

scholarly journals Developmental programming of energy balance and the metabolic syndrome

2007 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Cottrell ◽  
Susan E. Ozanne
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Health Problem

The increasing prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in numerous populations throughout the world is currently of major concern, and presents a huge global health problem. The link between low birth weight and the subsequent development of obesity, disrupted glucose homeostasis and hypertension is now well established, and there is extensive evidence supporting these associations in both epidemiological and experimental studies. Alterations in the secretion of, and responses to, the circulating hormones insulin and leptin are likely candidates in terms of disease development. The aim of current research is to define how the central and peripheral pathways in which these signals exert their effects may be disrupted following poor early growth, and how this disruption contributes to the development of metabolic disease. The present review aims to outline the existing evidence whereby alterations in early growth may programme an individual to be at increased risk of the metabolic syndrome. The development of central appetite and expenditure circuits and of peripheral metabolic tissues, are likely to play a key role in the long-term regulation of energy balance.

Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in women with a previous diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome: long-term follow-up

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1271-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Hudecova ◽  
Jan Holte ◽  
Matts Olovsson ◽  
Anders Larsson ◽  
Christian Berne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Previous Diagnosis ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

The metabolic syndrome in long-term cancer survivors, and important target for secondary preventive measures

2002 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Nuver ◽  
Andries J Smit ◽  
Aleida Postma ◽  
Dirk Th Sleijfer ◽  
Jourik A Gietema
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Important Target

scholarly journals An Exploratory Analysis of Criteria for the Metabolic Syndrome and Its Prediction of Long-term Cardiovascular Outcomes

2005 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 438-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia J. Girman ◽  
Jacqueline M. Dekker ◽  
Thomas Rhodes ◽  
Giel Nijpels ◽  
Coen D. A. Stehouwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals Psychedelics and potential benefits in “healthy normals”: A review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Gandy
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Meaning ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
High Doses ◽  
And Behavior

We are in the midst of a psychedelic research renaissance. With research examining the efficacy of psychedelics as a treatment for a range of mental health indications still in its early stages, there is an increasing body of research to show that careful use of psychedelics can yield a variety of benefits in “healthy normals” and so lead to “the betterment of well people.” Psychedelics have been found to modulate neuroplasticity, and usage in a supportive setting can result in enduring increases in traits such as well-being, life satisfaction, life meaning, mindfulness, and a variety of measures associated with prosocial behaviors and healthy psychological functioning. The effect of psychedelic experience on measures of personality trait openness and is potential implications is examined, and the potential role of awe as a mediator of the benefits of the psychedelic experience is discussed. Special attention is given to the capacity of psychedelics to increase measures of nature relatedness in an enduring sense, which is being correlated with a broad range of measures of psychological well-being as well as a key predictor of pro-environmental awareness and behavior. The effects of particular classical psychedelic compounds on healthy people are discussed, with special attention given to the mystical-type experiences occasioned by high doses of psychedelics, which appear to be an important mediator of long-term benefits and psychotherapeutic gains. Research looking at the potential benefits of psychedelic microdosing is discussed. Potential future research avenues are explored, focusing on the potential development of psychedelics as agents of ecotherapy.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular and Metabolic Consequences of Liver Transplantation: A Review

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Plotogea ◽  
Ilie ◽  
Sandru ◽  
Chiotoroiu ◽  
Bratu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Acute Liver Disease

Liver transplantation (LT) is considered the curative treatment option for selected patients who suffer from end-stage or acute liver disease or hepatic malignancy (primary). After LT, patients should be carefully monitored for complications that may appear, partially due to immunosuppressive therapy, but not entirely. Cardiovascular diseases are frequently encountered in patients with LT, being responsible for high morbidity and mortality. Patients with underlying cardiovascular and metabolic pathologies are prone to complications after the transplant, but these complications can also appear de novo, mostly associated with immunosuppressants. Metabolic syndrome, defined by obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia, is diagnosed among LT recipients and is aggravated after LT, influencing the long-term survival. In this review, our purpose was to summarize the current knowledge regarding cardiovascular (CV) diseases and the metabolic syndrome associated with LT and to assess their impact on short and long-term morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals The Fetal Origins of the Metabolic Syndrome: Can We Intervene?

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelle Ma ◽  
Daniel B. Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Fetal Origins ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Neonatal Life

Epidemiological studies have suggested that metabolic programming begins during fetal life and adverse eventsin uteroare a critical factor in the etiology of chronic diseases and overall health. While the underlying molecular mechanisms linking impaired fetal development to these adult diseases are being elucidated, little is known about how we can intervene early in life to diminish the incidence and severity of these long-term diseases. This paper highlights the latest clinical and pharmaceutical studies addressing how dietary intervention in fetal and neonatal life may be able to prevent aspects of the metabolic syndrome associated with IUGR pregnancies.

scholarly journals The metabolic syndrome: setting the scene. The pros

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. S1-S3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sir George Alberti
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Outcome Studies ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Differences Of Opinion ◽  
Definition Of

Conclusion: The definition of metabolic syndrome needs further refinement and it requires long-term outcome studies to evaluate the various criteria definitively. In general, however, differences of opinion surrounding the syndrome are minor.

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