Availability of a High-Calorie Diet and Diet History Alter Food Intake and Reproductive Function in Socially Housed Female Rhesus Monkeys

Secular trends toward a declining age at puberty onset with correlated changes in body weight have been reported in economically advanced countries. This has been attributed to excess calorie intake along with reduced physical activity in children. However, because the timing of puberty in humans is also influenced by other factors, such as genetic traits, living conditions, geographical location, and environmental chemicals, it is difficult to distinguish the effect of diet and body size from other factors in a human population. Here we report that feeding juvenile female rhesus monkeys born and raised at the Wisconsin National Primate Research Center with a high-calorie diet results in acceleration of body growth and precocious menarche. The monkeys fed a high-calorie diet also had an elevated body mass index. The most significant treatment effects on circulating hormones were increased leptin and IGF-I levels throughout the experiment. The findings of this study suggest the importance of close monitoring of juvenile feeding behaviors as an important intervention to reduce the prevalence of precocious development and metabolic diseases in adulthood.

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Effect of weight cycling on susceptibility to dietary obesity

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1990.259.6.r1096 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 259 (6) ◽

pp. R1096-R1102 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

B. Graham ◽

S. Chang ◽

D. Lin ◽

F. Yakubu ◽

J. O. Hill

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Food Intake ◽

Body Fat ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Weight Cycling ◽

High Fat ◽

Calorie Diet ◽

Short Run ◽

High Calorie Diet ◽

High Calorie

Weight cycling, defined as repeated episodes of weight loss followed by weight regain, has been suggested to make rats more energy efficient and produce a state of energy balance favoring accumulation of excess body fat. In addition, weight cycling may favor accumulation of fat in central vs. peripheral adipose depots. In the present study, we gave two groups of female Wistar rats ad libitum access to an obesity-producing high-fat diet (60% of calories from fat). Both groups had previously eaten a low-fat stock diet, but one group had been subjected to three bouts of weight cycling. Rats that were previously weight cycled gained less body weight and body fat when given the high-fat diet than did controls. The lower rate of weight gain was due to a lesser increase in food intake, since daily energy expenditure was significantly lower in previously cycled rats than in controls. In summary, weight cycling does not appear to predispose rats to becoming obese on a high-calorie diet and apparently produces some effect on food intake that reduces, at least in the short run, weight gain on the high-calorie diet.

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THE INFLUENCE OF KIDNEY BEANS ( PHASEOLUS VULGARIS ) PODS EXTRACT ON OBESITY DEVELOPMENT

Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Series Biology ◽

10.17721/1728_2748.2016.72.86-88 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

pp. 86-88

Author(s):

A. Yurchenko ◽

N. Raksha ◽

O. Savchuk

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Weight ◽

Food Intake ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Body Mass ◽

Diet Group ◽

Kidney Beans ◽

Calorie Diet ◽

High Calorie Diet ◽

High Calorie

The influence of kidney beans pods extract on obesity development was investigated. It was found that administration of P. vulgaris pods extract led to decrease of body weight and body mass index of the animals which were on high-calorie diet. Found changes could be result of decrease of food intake by rats treated with extract in compare with rats in high-calorie diet group.

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Neurosecretory protein GL stimulates food intake, de novo lipogenesis, and onset of obesity

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.28527 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Eiko Iwakoshi-Ukena ◽

Kenshiro Shikano ◽

Kunihiro Kondo ◽

Shusuke Taniuchi ◽

Megumi Furumitsu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

De Novo ◽

Neutralizing Antibody ◽

De Novo Lipogenesis ◽

Root Cause ◽

Insulin Dysregulation ◽

Calorie Diet ◽

Fat Level ◽

High Calorie Diet ◽

High Calorie

Mechanisms underlying the central regulation of food intake and fat accumulation are not fully understood. We found that neurosecretory protein GL (NPGL), a newly-identified neuropeptide, increased food intake and white adipose tissue (WAT) in rats. NPGL-precursor gene overexpression in the hypothalamus caused increases in food intake, WAT, body mass, and circulating insulin when fed a high calorie diet. Intracerebroventricular administration of NPGL induced de novo lipogenesis in WAT, increased insulin, and it selectively induced carbohydrate intake. Neutralizing antibody administration decreased the size of lipid droplets in WAT. Npgl mRNA expression was upregulated by fasting and low insulin levels. Additionally, NPGL-producing cells were responsive to insulin. These results point to NPGL as a novel neuronal regulator that drives food intake and fat deposition through de novo lipogenesis and acts to maintain steady-state fat level in concert with insulin. Dysregulation of NPGL may be a root cause of obesity.

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A Study on the Effect of High Calorie Diet on Stress Alleviation

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.724.139 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 724 ◽

pp. 139-142

Author(s):

Sang Gyun Roh ◽

Jae Gook Lee

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Adrenal Gland ◽

Adrenal Glands ◽

Feedback Inhibition ◽

Control Group ◽

Hormonal Change ◽

Stress Alleviation ◽

Calorie Diet ◽

High Calorie Diet ◽

High Calorie

In this study, we tried to reveal the presence of a cytokine that is regulated by weight, food intake, body fat, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, and corticosterone. The experiment group was given a high calorie diet and the control group was fed a normal calorie diet, and both groups were exposed to various stresses. The behavioral and hormonal change by the kinds and severity of stresses were measured via their immunologic aspect as well as their stress alleviation by voluntary high calorie food intake. After sacrificing the animal, the adrenal gland fat tissues were weighed, and the high calorie diet group showed heavier adrenal glands than those of the control group. In particular, the CVS A group had lighter adrenal gland weight than the Res B and CVS B groups, and the other groups had heavier adrenal glands. The comparison of plasma ACTH concentration to the corticosteroid secretion ratio showed that the CVS A group had decreased ACTH and an increased corticosteroid/ACTH ratio. This fact shows that the adrenal gland was highly active and, in spite of a normal corticosteroid concentration, induced too much negative feedback inhibition.

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Treat CF-Related Diabetes With Insulin, High-Calorie Diet

Pediatric News ◽

10.1016/s0031-398x(06)71279-6 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 40 (9) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

BRUCE JANCIN

Keyword(s):

Calorie Diet ◽

High Calorie Diet ◽

High Calorie

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The evaluation of lipid peroxidation and oxidative modification of proteins in blood serum under obesity development and the consumption of aqueous kidney beans Phaseolus vulgaris pods extract

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences ◽

10.2478/cipms-2020-0008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 38-44

Author(s):

Alona Yurchenko ◽

Daryna Krenytska ◽

Olexii Savchuk ◽

Tetiana Halenova ◽

Natalia Raksha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Oxidative Modification ◽

Resistance Development ◽

Oxidative Modification Of Proteins ◽

Kidney Beans ◽

Calorie Diet ◽

Diet Control ◽

High Calorie Diet ◽

High Calorie

AbstractOur interest has focused on the investigation of the anti-obese potential of kidney beans (P. vulgaris) pods extract. In the course of the study, obesity development in rats was induced with high-calorie diet. Control and obese rats then have consumed with aqueous kidney beans (P. vulgaris) pods extract during 6 weeks (200 mg/kg). Results show that the long-term consumption of P. vulgaris pods extract can lead to the reduction of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance development. Furthermore, we saw a normalization of lipid peroxidation parameters and oxidative modification of protein due to the consumption of the kidney beans (P. vulgaris) pods extract. Our experimental data demonstrate the ability of the kidney beans (P. vulgaris) pod extracts to mitigate obesity development but the details of this mechanism remains to be not fully understood.

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