scholarly journals The Ghrelin Response to Exercise before and after Growth Hormone Administration

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 297-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Vestergaard ◽  
R. Dall ◽  
K. H. W. Lange ◽  
M. Kjaer ◽  
J. S. Christiansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Test Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Serum Ghrelin

Abstract Context: We have previously shown that exercise-induced GH release is not mediated by ghrelin, but it remains to be studied whether the increase in GH may suppress postexercise ghrelin levels. Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize systemic ghrelin levels after exercise with and without concomitant GH administration. Design, Participants, and Intervention: Group A: Twenty-nine elite athletes (age, 18–37 yr) were studied after a maximal exercise test. Group B: In a double blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study, 32 healthy subjects (age, 18–33 yr) were randomized to placebo, GH 0.1 IU/kg per day, or GH 0.2 IU/kg per day for 4 wk. These subjects performed a multistage fitness test to assess maximum oxygen uptake at baseline and after 4 wk. We measured total circulating ghrelin levels before and immediately after exercise and at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after exercise. Results: Group A: Serum ghrelin levels after exercise decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Group B: Exercise at baseline was associated with a significant lowering of ghrelin levels after exercise (P < 0.0001). In addition, 4 wk of high-dose GH were followed by a further approximately 20% reduction in basal and after exercise serum ghrelin (micrograms per liter): 0.78 (range 0.52–1.17) vs. 0.63 (range 0.50–0.91), P < 0.05. Conclusions: 1) Ghrelin levels decrease significantly after exercise in elite athletes and healthy subjects. 2) High-dose GH suppresses ghrelin levels. 3) These data support the hypothesis that GH feedback inhibits ghrelin secretion.

STUDY OF GHRELIN LEVELS IN HYPOTHYROID PATIENTS BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-54
Author(s):  
Peeyush Yadav ◽  
G. G. Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Serum Ghrelin ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

Objective: Aim of the present study was to evaluate the levels of ghrelin in hypothyroid patients before and after treatment with L-thyroxine and to nd a possible relationship between ghrelin and thyroid hormones. Material & Methods: The present study was conducted on 100 hypothyroid patients (44 Males & 56 Females) before treatment (Group A) and after treatment (Group B) attending the outpatient clinics or admitted in wards of J.L.N. Hospitals, Ajmer. 100 healthy control subjects (Group C) of same age group of either gender were selected for the study. Blood samples were drawn from patients and controls, after overnight fast of at least 8 hours. Estimation of Serum Ghrelin, free T3, free T4, and TSH was done by using Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) technique. Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL – Cholesterol were measured by automated analyser (Beckman & Coulter's AU680). VLDL – Cholesterol, LDL – Cholesterol were calculated by Friedwald's formula. Differences in the parameters among the groups were analyzed by ANOVA test followed by its Tukey HSD post hoc analysis. Correlations between variables were tested using the Pearson rho (r: Correlation coefcient) correlation test. Results: Findings of the present study shows that the levels of serum fT3 (1.79 ± 0.29 pg/mL) and serum fT4 (0.34 ± 0.11 ng/dL) were signicantly lower in Group A compared to Group B (fT3 = 3.00 ± 0.32 pg/mL & fT4 = 0.81 ± 0.15 ng/dL) and Group C (fT3 = 3.12 ± 0.31 pg/mL & fT4 = 0.85 ± 0.11ng/dL) whereas serum TSH levels were signicantly higher in Group A (40.59 ± 13.55 μIU/mL) compared to Group B (5.34 ± 1.47 μIU/mL) and Group C (3.23 ± 1.04 μIU/mL). Levels of serum Ghrelin were signicantly higher in Group A (918.19 ± 48.47 pg/mL) compared to Group B (700.34 ± 46.35 pg/mL) and Group C (681.49 ± 35.80 pg/mL). A non signicant correlation of Ghrelin with S.fT4 and TSH was found in both Group A and Group B whereas S.fT3 and BMI shows a non signicant correlation in Group A in comparison to a signicant correlation in Group B. Conclusion: There is a reversible increase in the levels of serum ghrelin which became normalized after L-thyroxine substitution in hypothyroid patients. Alteration in the levels of serum ghrelin in thyroid disorders indicates a compensatory role of ghrelin in metabolic disturbances and also suggests a possible association between thyroid hormones and serum ghrelin levels.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of the Effect of Midazolam Administration Before and after Seizures on the Prevention of Complications in Children Undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy Compared with a Control Group

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Masoudifar ◽  
Behzad Nazemroaya ◽  
Maryam Raisi
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Pain ◽  
Anterograde Amnesia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Seizure Duration ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
Group B

Background: One of the complications of ECT treatment is headache. There is a need to use sedation during ECT. As a result, midazolam has been used to address a safe and effective strategy in this regard. Methods: This study is a double-blind clinical trial that has been performed in three groups: group A, which receives midazolam based on the usual regimen, group B, which receives midazolam after shock, and group C, which is the control group. Patients were asked about headache, nausea, and muscle aches during the recovery time, seizure duration and after becoming fully conscious. Data were analyzed in the PASW version18 software using analysis of variance and repeated measurement tests, ANOVA, independed t and χ2 tests. Results: Analysis showed that the frequency of muscle pain after full consciousness in group C was significantly higher than group B, with group B being higher than group A. χ2 test showed that the frequency of headache, cough and nausea in group C was significantly higher than the two groups A and B. Conclusion: The result of this research showed that midazolam prodrug plays an effective role in preventing post-ECT complications in children. The effect of midazolam before and after ECT on headache, muscle pain and nausea was investigated and compared with the control group. Also, due to its anterograde amnesia, midazolam can reduce the patient's stress in the next visits, and this issue is even more important when the patient is a child.

Acupuncture for Diagnostic Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy: A Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 409-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Cabrini ◽  
Luigi Gioia ◽  
Marco Gemma ◽  
Giulio Melloni ◽  
Angelo Carretta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy ◽  
Sham Acupuncture ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Patient Anxiety ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Routine Basis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Patients usually fear fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FBS) and they report a low level of satisfaction after this examination. We evaluated the efficacy of acupuncture in decreasing patient anxiety before diagnostic FBS and in improving tolerance to the examination. In a prospective double-blind study, we enrolled 48 patients scheduled to undergo diagnostic FBS. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Group A (16 patients): standard FBS, with airway topic anesthesia; Group B (16 patients): standard FBS, with airway topic anesthesia and acupuncture treatment; Group C (16 patients): standard FBS, with airway topic anesthesia and sham acupuncture. EKG, non-invasive arterial pressure, and pulse oximetry were monitored on a routine basis. We evaluated patient anxiety before and after acupuncture and, at the end of FBS, the discomfort suffered during the examination by a 100-mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Patient satisfaction in Group A was 50% worse than in Group B ( p = 0.04). We observed a strong, even if not statistically significant, tendency toward a lower pre-FBS anxiety in Group B. Patients in group C had values very close to those recorded in group A. We observed no adverse event and no differences in cardio-respiratory parameters in these three groups; in particular, we did not observe a respiratory depression in Group B. Acupuncture seems an effective resource for a Thoracic Endoscopic Room to improve patient tolerance to FBS.

scholarly journals Comparison of Triamcinolone Versus Platelet Rich Plasma Injection for Improving Trismus in Oral Submucous Fibrosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Amer Sabih Hydri ◽  
Iqbal Hussain Udaipurwala ◽  
Nadeem Ahmed Sheikh ◽  
Sana Muhammad Sadiq ◽  
Sohail Aslam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Treatment Result ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Objective: To compare the effect of Triamcinolone versus Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) injection intraorally for improving trismus in Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF). Study Design and setting: Randomized double-blind comparative study, conducted at ENT department of PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi from 1st June 2015 to 30th June 2016. Methodology: Eighty patients with trismus due to oral submucous fibrosis were divided randomly into two groups, ‘A’ and ‘B’ of 40 patients each. In Group A, Inj. Triamcinolone 40mg (1 ml) was injected into the sub-mucosal plane in the retro-molar trigone area and into the fibrous bands along the soft palate on multiple sites, weekly for 6 weeks. In group B Inj. PRP 1ml weekly was administered for 6 weeks along the same site. Vernier calipers were used to precisely measure the Maximum Interincisal Distance (MIID) in cms before and after the treatment. Result: There was a male preponderance in the study group with a male to female ratio of 5.1:1. In group ‘A’ mean pretreatment MIID was 2.3±0.7 cms, while in group ‘B’, it was 2.2± 0.5 cms. After completion of 6 weeks treatment the mean MIID improved in group ‘A’ to 3.08 ± 0.8cms, and in group ‘B’ to 3.22± 0.5cms. The mean improvement in MIID in group ‘A’ was 0.783± 0.25cms compared to 1.01± 0.05 cms in group ‘B’ (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Intraoral injection of PRP is more effective than Triamcinolone in improving trismus due to OSMF

Effects of Ticlopidine on Platelet Function and Blood Coagulation

1982 ◽  
Vol 48 (02) ◽  
pp. 166-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Violi ◽  
C Alessandri ◽  
S Frattaroli ◽  
A Ghiselli ◽  
F Balsano
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
At Iii ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

SummaryA double blind study was performed on 20 atherosclerotic patients. A placebo was administered to one group of 10 patients (group A) and ticlopidine (500 mg/day) was administered to another group of 10 patients (group B) for one month. ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation (PA), platelet malondial-deyde (MDA) produced by thrombin stimulation and plasma beta-thromboglobulin (βTG) levels, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) fibrinogen, antithrombin (AT) III, fibrin(ogen) degradation products, alpha2-antiplasmin and plasminogen were evaluated in both groups before and after treatment. No changes in PA, MDA and βTG were seen in group A. Group B showed a significant decrease of PA, βTG and a significant increase of MDA. No changes on blood coagulation data were seen in either group. This study suggests that ticlopidine is able to inhibit platelet function in vivo.

scholarly journals Combination of Alarm-intervention and Reboxetine in Therapy- Resistant Enuresis

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-219
Author(s):  
Kirill Kosilov ◽  
Irina Kuzina ◽  
Yuliya Gainullina ◽  
Vladimir Kuznetsov ◽  
Liliya Kosilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Monotherapy Group ◽  
First Line ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction: The first-line treatments of primary monosymptomatic night enuresis (PMNE) are alarm intervention and desmopressin. Some patients are resistant to these modes of treatment. Therefore Reboxetine has been used to treat PMNE in these scenarios in recent years and published in many studies. The aim of the study was to determine effectiveness and safety of combination of Alarm intervention and Reboxetine, to treat patients with therapyresistant enuresis.Material and Methods: Two hundred and nineteen children of both sexes were participated in the experiment (average age, 11.3 years). Participants were divided into three groups: Group A (71 patients, Alarm intervention), Group B (79 patients, Reboxetine as monotherapy), Group C (69 patients, Alarm intervention + Reboxetine). The duration of treatment was twelve weeks, followed by follow-up period of twelve weeks to see efficacy.Result: There was no significant change in number of enuresis episodes per week before and after treatment in a group B. The number of enuresis episodes per a week (weekly) in a group C reached: before treatment 5.3 (1.5), after treatment 1.0 (0.8), 3 three months after the end of treatment 0.7 (0.7). The percentage of patients with PMNE in a group C was significantly less immediately after the course of treatment (17.4%), and three months after treatment (24.6%).Conclusion: Combined treatment of therapy-resistant enuresis with use of Alarm Intervention and Reboxetine gives a high percentage of cured patients both immediately after therapy (82.6%) and three months after the end (75.4%).

scholarly journals Comparison Between Conventional Intervention and Non-immersive Virtual Reality in the Rehabilitation of Individuals in an Inpatient Unit for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talita Dias da Silva ◽  
Patricia Mattos de Oliveira ◽  
Josiane Borges Dionizio ◽  
Andreia Paiva de Santana ◽  
Shayan Bahadori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Hospital Rehabilitation

Background: The new human coronavirus that leads to COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) has spread rapidly around the world and has a high degree of lethality. In more severe cases, patients remain hospitalized for several days under treatment of the health team. Thus, it is important to develop and use technologies with the aim to strengthen conventional therapy by encouraging movement, physical activity, and improving cardiorespiratory fitness for patients. In this sense, therapies for exposure to virtual reality (VR) are promising and have been shown to be an adequate and equivalent alternative to conventional exercise programs.Aim: This is a study protocol with the aim of comparing the conventional physical therapy intervention with the use of a non-immersive VR software during COVID-19 hospitalization.Methods: Fifty patients hospitalized with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 will be divided in two groups under physiotherapy treatment using conventional or VR intervention: Group A: participants with COVID-19 will start the first day of the protocol with VR tasks in the morning and then in the second period, in the afternoon, will perform the conventional exercises (n = 25) and Group B: participants with COVID-19 will start the first day with conventional exercises in the morning and in the second period, in the afternoon, will perform activity with VR (n = 25). All participants will be evaluated with different motor and physiologic scales before and after the treatment to measure improvements.Conclusion: Considering the importance of benefits from physical activity during hospitalization, VR software shows promise as a potential mechanism for improving physical activity. The results of this study may provide new insights into hospital rehabilitation.Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04537858. Registered on 01 September 2020.

scholarly journals Effect of monosodium glutamate on liver of adult albino rats: a light microscopic study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1442
Author(s):  
Prenika Shangloo ◽  
Midhat Syed ◽  
Sangeeta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) or Aji-no-moto is the common flavouring agent which is inadvertently used in all the packed and ready to use food items. Its use has grabbed the attention with reporting of Chinese restaurant syndrome and many more side effects. This flavouring agent effects almost all the organs of the human body but the statistics regarding its ill effects are very limited, thus no objections are being raised for its use in eatables. In current study we planned to analyse the pathological effects of MSG on the liver of adult albino rats.Methods: The study was conducted on 18 inbred adult albino rats of either sex. The rats of control group (A) received only standard diet with distilled water, low dose test group (B) rats received 0.5 mg/kg of MSG dissolved in distilled water and high dose test group (C) rats received 1.5 mg/kg of MSG dissolved in distilled water per orally for 28 days. After the experimental period, the rats were sacrificed to dissect out the liver tissue which was later subjected to histological processing and tissue sectioning.Results: The liver tissue sections of the control group (A) revealed normal hepatic architecture with central veins located in the centre of the hepatic lobule and portal areas containing portal triad formed by portal venule, hepatic arteriole and bile ductile. On the other hand, the liver sections of low dose group (B) exhibited pathological changes in the form of dilated and congested central vein with sinusoidal dilatation. In high dose group (C), more marked pathological changes seen in group B along with dilatation of the portal vein was also seen.Conclusions: MSG is most widely used food additive whose safe limits for use need to be scrutinized. The current study was planned to access the minimal low dose limit of MSG for use. The observations of the afore mentioned study revealed that even small dose of MSG of 0.5 mg/kg is capable of producing pathological effects in liver which is the main site of metabolism of xenobiotics

scholarly journals Comparison of Oral Versus Normal and High-Dose Rectal Paracetamol in the Treatment of Fever in Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-225
Author(s):  
Ramchandra Bastola ◽  
Shree Krishna Shrestha ◽  
Bhawana Sigdel Bastola ◽  
Dhurba Shrestha ◽  
Yograj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Standard Dose ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Antipyretic Effect ◽  
Normal Dose ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Western Regional ◽  
Group B

Correction: On 13th June 2018 the author Yog Raj Sharma was changed to Yograj SharmaIntroduction: Paracetamol is the most commonly used drug in paediatrics with the standard dose (15 mg/kg) of oral and rectal paracetamol preparations interchangeably is used to treat fever in children, assuming they have equal antipyretic effect. We did a study to compare the effectiveness of two different rectal doses of paracetamol: 15 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg to that of a standard oral dose of 15 mg/kg.Material and Methods: This is a prospective, interventional, randomized controlled study done in Western Regional Hospital, Nepal in which 192 children with fever aged six months to six years. Study duration was August 2015 to October 2015. The sample included 63 in the oral normal dose group (15mg/kg), 59 in normal dose rectal group (15mg/kg) and 70 in high dose (30mg/kg) rectal paracetamol group. Temperature was recorded before and after the administration of paracetamol at an interval of 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes by using a digital thermometer.Results: Total of 59 patients received 15 mg/kg rectal Paracetamol (group A), 70 received 30 mg/kg rectal Paracetamol (group B), and 63 received 15 mg/kg oral Paracetamol (group C). Mean temperature before giving medication in Group A, B and C respectively were 101.7° F, 101.9° F and 101.5° F. At 30 min temperature was 100.8° F, 100.8° F and 100.66° F, while at 60 minutes temperature was 99.9° F, 99.7° F, and 99.7° F respectively for Group A,B and C. But at 120 and 180 minutes temperature decreased significantly who got rectal 30 mg/kg of paracetamol.Conclusions: Rectal paracetamol in a dose of 30mg/kg is more effective than oral paracetamol in a dose of 15 mg/kg. However oral paracetamol given in a dose of 15 mg/ kg is more effective than rectal paracetamol in a same dose.  

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of Oral Cholecalciferol in Healthy Subjects with Vitamin D Deficiency: A Randomized Open-Label Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Fassio ◽  
Giovanni Adami ◽  
Maurizio Rossini ◽  
Alessandro Giollo ◽  
Cristian Caimmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Open Label Study ◽  
Label Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic (PK) and safety profile of high-dose vitamin D supplementation, comparing different schedules (daily, weekly, or bi-weekly) in an otherwise healthy vitamin D-deficient population. Methods: Single-center, open-label study on healthy subjects deficient in vitamin D (25 (OH)D < 20 ng/mL), randomized to receive cholecalciferol (DIBASE®, Abiogen Pharma, Italy) using three different schedules: Group A: 10,000 IU/day for eight weeks followed by 1000 IU/day for four weeks; Group B: 50,000 IU/week for 12 weeks, Group C: 100,000 IU/every other week for 12 weeks. Total cumulative doses were: 588,000 IU, 600,000 IU, 600,000 IU. The treatment regimens corresponded to the highest doses allowed for cholecalciferol for the correction of vitamin D deficiency in adults in Italy. Results: mean 25 (OH)D plasma levels significantly increased from baseline 13.5 ± 3.7 ng/mL to peak values of 81.0 ± 15.0 ng/mL in Group A, 63.6 ± 7.9 ng/mL in Group B and 59.4 ± 12 ng/mL in Group C. On day 28, all subjects showed 25 (OH)D levels ≥20 ng/mL and 93.1% had 25 (OH)D levels ≥30 ng/mL. On day 56 and 84, all subjects had 25 (OH)D levels ≥30 ng/mL. No serious adverse events occurred during the study. Conclusions: normalization of 25 (OH)D serum levels was quickly attained with all the studied regimens. A more refracted schedule provided a higher systemic 25 (OH)D exposure.

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