scholarly journals Leptin Replacement Prevents Weight Loss-Induced Metabolic Adaptation in Congenital Leptin-Deficient Patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 851-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose E. Galgani ◽  
Frank L. Greenway ◽  
Sinan Caglayan ◽  
Ma-Li Wong ◽  
Julio Licinio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Calorie Diet

Abstract Context: Leptin regulates energy homeostasis by suppressing food intake; however, its role in energy expenditure and fat oxidation remains uncertain in humans. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess 24-h energy metabolism before and after weight loss induced by leptin treatment in congenital leptin-deficient subjects or low-calorie diet in controls. Design and Patients: We measured 24-h energy expenditure, 24-h fat oxidation, and body fat in three null homozygous leptin-deficient obese adults before and after weight loss induced by a 19-wk leptin replacement period (0.02–0.04 mg/kg/d). The same measures were performed in three obese controls pair-matched for sex, age, and weight loss induced by a 10- to 21-wk low-calorie diet. Measurements were preceded for 1 wk of weight stabilization. Energy expenditure was adjusted for fat-free mass, fat mass, sex, and age based on a reference population (n = 842; R2 = 0.85; P < 0.0001). Similarly, fat oxidation was adjusted for fat-free mass, percentage body fat, energy balance, and diet composition during the 24-h respiratory chamber stay (R2 = 0.38; P < 0.0001). Results: Before weight loss, congenital leptin-deficient and control subjects had similar energy expenditure. However, after weight loss (∼15 kg), controls had energy expenditures lower than expected for their new weight and body composition (−265 ± 76 kcal/d; P = 0.04), whereas leptin-treated subjects had values not different from the reference population (−128 ± 119 kcal/d; P = 0.67). Before weight loss, fat oxidation was similar between groups. However, after weight loss, leptin-treated subjects had higher fat oxidation than controls (P = 0.005) and higher than the reference population (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: In congenital leptin-deficient subjects, leptin replacement prevented the decrease in energy expenditure and fat oxidation often observed after weight loss.

scholarly journals Leptin Replacement Prevents Weight Loss-Induced Metabolic Adaptation in Congenital Leptin-Deficient Patients

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (2) ◽  
pp. 839-840
Author(s):  
Jose E. Galgani ◽  
Frank L. Greenway ◽  
Ma-Li Wong ◽  
Julio Licinio ◽  
Eric Ravussin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Calorie Diet

ABSTRACT Context: Leptin regulates energy homeostasis by suppressing food intake; however, its role in energy expenditure and fat oxidation remains uncertain in humans. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess 24-h energy metabolism before and after weight loss induced by leptin treatment in congenital leptin-deficient subjects or low-calorie diet in controls. Design and Patients: We measured 24-h energy expenditure, 24-h fat oxidation, and body fat in three null homozygous leptin-deficient obese adults before and after weight loss induced by a 19-wk leptin replacement period (0.02-0.04 mg/kg/d). The same measures were performed in three obese controls pair-matched for sex, age, and weight loss induced by a 10- to 21-wk low-calorie diet. Measurements were preceded for 1 wk of weight stabilization. Energy expenditure was adjusted for fat-free mass, fat mass, sex, and age based on a reference population (n = 842; R2 = 0.85; P < 0.0001). Similarly, fat oxidation was adjusted for fat-free mass, percentage body fat, energy balance, and diet composition during the 24-h respiratory chamber stay (R2 = 0.38; P < 0.0001). Results: Before weight loss, congenital leptin-deficient and control subjects had similar energy expenditure. However, after weight loss (∼15 kg), controls had energy expenditures lower than expected for their new weight and body composition (−265 ± 76 kcal/d; P = 0.04), whereas leptin-treated subjects had values not different from the reference population (−128 ± 119 kcal/d; P = 0.67). Before weight loss, fat oxidation was similar between groups. However, after weight loss, leptin-treated subjects had higher fat oxidation than controls (P = 0.005) and higher than the reference population (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: In congenital leptin-deficient subjects, leptin replacement prevented the decrease in energy expenditure and fat oxidation often observed after weight loss.

Effectiveness, Compliance, and Acceptability of Preoperative Weight Loss with a Liquid Very Low-Calorie Diet Before Bariatric Surgery in Real Practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamthorn Yolsuriyanwong ◽  
Komdej Thanavachirasin ◽  
Kimberly Sasso ◽  
Lauren Zuro ◽  
Jessica Bartfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Preoperative Weight Loss ◽  
Very Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Preoperative Weight ◽  
Real Practice

scholarly journals Protocol for a randomised controlled trial of the combined effects of the GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide and exercise on maintenance of weight loss and health after a very low-calorie diet

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e031431
Author(s):  
Simon Birk Kjær Jensen ◽  
Julie Rehné Lundgren ◽  
Charlotte Janus ◽  
Christian Rimer Juhl ◽  
Lisa Møller Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Good Clinical Practice ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Very Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Calorie Diet

IntroductionThe success rate of weight loss maintenance is limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the maintenance of weight loss and immunometabolic health outcomes after diet-induced weight loss followed by 1-year treatment with a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (liraglutide), physical exercise or the combination of both treatments as compared with placebo in individuals with obesity.Methods and analysisThis is an investigator-initiated, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel group trial. We will enrol expectedly 200 women and men (age 18–65 years) with obesity (body mass index 32–43 kg/m2) to adhere to a very low-calorie diet (800 kcal/day) for 8 weeks in order to lose at least 5% of body weight. Subsequently, participants will be randomised in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to one of four study groups for 52 weeks: (1) placebo, (2) exercise 150 min/week+placebo, (3) liraglutide 3.0 mg/day and (4) exercise 150 min/week+liraglutide 3.0 mg/day. The primary endpoint is change in body weight from randomisation to end-of-treatment.Ethics and disseminationThe trial has been approved by the ethical committee of the Capital Region of Denmark and the Danish Medicines Agency. The trial will be conducted in agreement with the Declaration of Helsinki and monitored to follow the guidelines for good clinical practice. Results will be submitted for publication in international peer-reviewed scientific journals.Trial registration number2015-005585-32

scholarly journals Very low-calorie diet in candidates for bariatric surgery: change in body composition during rapid weight loss

Clinics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Pires Serafim ◽  
Marco Aurelio Santo ◽  
Alexandre Vieira Gadducci ◽  
Veruska Magalhães Scabim ◽  
Ivan Cecconello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Very Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Calorie Diet

scholarly journals Changes in Whole-Body Amino Acid Metabolism in Response to 2 Weeks of the Very-Low Calorie Diet Are Not Affected by Gender

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1700-1700
Author(s):  
Agata Wierzchowska-McNew ◽  
Mariëlle Engelen ◽  
Kristopher Knoop ◽  
Gabriella Ten Have ◽  
John Thaden
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Protein Breakdown ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Very Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Calorie Diet

Abstract Objectives Very Low-Calorie Diet (VLCD) is an approved method to safely achieve substantial short-term weight loss in obese patients. We previously reported that two weeks of the VLCD maintains whole-body protein and amino acid turnover despite a large reduction in lean body mass. Since the observed effects on body weight (BW) and composition differed between men and women, we hypothesized that the changes in amino acid metabolism in a response to the calorie-restricted diet is gender-specific. Methods 34 morbidly obese adults (BMI: 42 ± 0.9 kg/m2, 10 males and 24 females) underwent a VLCD for 2 weeks consisting of 820 kcal/day and 105-grams protein/day. Before the start of the VLCD (baseline), the whole-body production (WBP) rates of multiple amino acids involved in protein metabolism (e.g., glycine (GLY), glutamine (GLN), phenylalanine (PHE), tyrosine (TYR), and arginine (ARG)) were measured after IV pulse administration of their stable isotopes. Weight loss and body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were assessed after 2 weeks of the VLCD. Baseline plasma enrichments were measured by LC-MS/MS. Data are presented as mean ± SE. Statistics are performed by Pearson correlation tests. Results The magnitude of the BW loss after 2 weeks of the VLCD differed between males and females (7.0 ± 0.7 kg vs. 4.1 ± 0.2 kg, P < 0.0001, respectively) with a higher reduction in lean body mass observed in men than women (4.3 ± 0.8 kg vs. 2.7 ± 0.4 kg, P < 0.05). Although, females had significantly reduced baseline WBP of ARG (7.3% vs. 2%, P = 0.0027), GLY (22.8% vs. 3.6%, P < 0.001), and PHE (4.8% vs. 3.1%, P = 0.018) in comparison to men, two weeks of the VLCD had a comparable effect on multiple amino acid WBP in both genders. Suppressed contractile myofibrillar protein breakdown rate was observed in both groups (13% vs. baseline, P = 0.02) with no gender difference in net protein breakdown (PHE to TYR conversion rate). Hence, increased catabolism in men cannot be explained by a different response to the 2 weeks of a calorie-restricted diet. Conclusions Despite gender differences in body weight loss and changes in composition in response to a Very Low-Calorie Diet, changes in whole-body amino acid kinetics are not differently affected in men and women. Funding Sources CTRAL Internal Funds.

scholarly journals Changes in Energy Expenditure and Substrate Oxidation Resulting from Weight Loss in Obese Men and Women: Is There an Important Contribution of Leptin?1

2000 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1550-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Doucet ◽  
Sylvie St. Pierre ◽  
Natalie Alméras ◽  
Pascale Mauriège ◽  
Denis Richard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of weight loss and its related metabolic and hormonal changes on resting energy expenditure (REE) and substrate oxidation. Forty subjects (16 men and 24 women) took part in a 15-week weight loss program that consisted of drug therapy (fenfluramine, 60 mg/day) or placebo coupled to an energy restriction (−700 Cal/day). Subjects were asked to come to the laboratory after an overnight fast for an indirect calorimetry measurement before and after weight loss. Fasting blood samples were also drawn and were analyzed for plasma glucose, insulin, leptin, and free fatty acid determinations. This program reduced body weight by 11% and 9% (P < 0.01) in men and women, respectively. Fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were also significantly reduced in both sexes. A significant decrease in REE (13%; P < 0.01) and fat oxidation (11%; P = 0.08) was observed in men in response to this program, whereas no significant differences were noted for these variables in women. In men, positive correlations were found between changes in FFM and energy-related variables, whereas the best predictor of changes in REE and substrate oxidation was the change in FM in women. The most important finding of this study is that in men, the association between changes in fasting plasma leptin and changes in REE (r = 0.50; P < 0.01) and fat oxidation (r = 0.63; P < 0.01) persist after correction for changes in body composition. These results suggest that a comparable weight loss is accompanied by a greater decrease in REE and substrate oxidation in men than in women, and that these changes are better explained by changes in leptinemia in men and by changes in FM in women.

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