scholarly journals Validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in neurologic populations

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly G. Williams ◽  
Michael Sanderson ◽  
Nathalie Jette ◽  
Scott B. Patten
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cut Point ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes

BackgroundBecause of symptom overlap, there is uncertainty about the validity of depression rating scales in neurologic populations. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for detecting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual–defined major depressive episodes in people with neurologic conditions.MethodsParticipants were recruited from outpatient clinics for multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, migraine, Parkinson disease, and stroke for this cross-sectional study. Participants were administered a questionnaire (this included the PHQ-9), chart review, and a follow-up telephone interview. The Structured Clinical Interview for Depression was used as the reference standard for psychiatric diagnoses. The performance of PHQ-9 was analyzed using sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratios (DORs), and receiver operator curve analysis.ResultsAll neurologic subpopulations had a specificity greater than 78% and sensitivity greater than 79% at a cut-point of 10. Using a random-effects model, the I-squared value was 13.7%, and Tau2 was 0.05, showing homogeneity across the neurologic subpopulations. The pooled DOR was 25.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 14.9–42.8). Meta-analytic analysis found that for sensitivity, the pooled estimate was 90% (95% CI 81–97), and for specificity, it was 85% (95% CI 79–90).ConclusionsDespite theoretical concerns about its validity, the PHQ-9 performed well at its standard cut-point of 10. Consistent with the literature, being able to use a validated, brief tool that is available publicly should improve case finding of depression in neurologic populations. When considering clinical practicality along with the findings of this analyzed, this study confirmed that the PHQ-9 is valid in a general outpatient neurologic population.

Frequency and Correlation of Depression in Melasma Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3161-3163
Author(s):  
Aqsa Naheed ◽  
Mahpara Mazhar ◽  
Sundus Fatima ◽  
Sakina Sadiq Malik ◽  
Sehar Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Psychosocial Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Health

Background: Melasma is hyper-pigmentation of skin, usually seen in young female adults, and previous studies have established substantial psychosocial burden associated with this disease. Aim: To measure the frequency of depression in melasma patients and its correlation with severity of melasma Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and duration of study: Dermatology OPD, HIT Hospital Taxila from 1st January 2021 to 31st August 2021 Methods: One hundred consecutive patients of melasma diagnosed by a skin specialist were enrolled. Elderly patients aged >60 years, those with previous psychiatric disease or chronic illnesses and on long term streroids were not included. After getting written informed consent, enrolled patients were screened for depression using Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) Results: There were 17 males and 83 females. The mean age was 41.5±8.14 years. On MASI scale for assessing severity of melasma, 38 patients scored mild, 51 scored moderate and 11 scored severe. Using Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) in patients with melasma, 18 patients didn’t have depression, 38 had mild depression, 31 had moderate depression, 6 had moderately severe depression and 7 had severe depression. Conclusion: The frequency of depression is quite high in patients suffering from melasma. It indicates a need for prompt diagnosis, appropriate intervention at correct time to ensure patient’s compliance to therapy to improve his disease outcome. Keywords: Depression, Melasma, Frequency

Validation of the PHQ-2 against the PHQ-9 for detecting depression in a large sample of Australian general practice patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Carey ◽  
Allison Boyes ◽  
Natasha Noble ◽  
Amy Waller ◽  
Kerry Inder
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Australian General Practice ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

There is increasing interest in the use of brief screening tools to improve detection of depression in the primary care setting. The aim of the present study was to compare the accuracy of the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) against the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for detecting depression among general practice patients. A cross-sectional sample of 3626 adults attending 12 Australian general practices was recruited. Participants completed the PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 via a touchscreen computer. Depression was defined as a PHQ-9 score ≥10. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. The PHQ-2 had good overall accuracy relative to the PHQ-9 for discriminating between cases and non-cases of depression, with an AUC of 0.92 (95% confidence interval 0.90–0.93). The PHQ-2 threshold of ≥3 was the best balance between sensitivity (91%) and specificity (78%) for detecting possible cases of depression. For clinical use, the optimal threshold was ≥2, with only 2% of possible cases missed.

scholarly journals Demoralization and Its Relationship with Depression and Hopelessness in Suicidal Patients Attending an Emergency Department

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Costanza ◽  
Marc Baertschi ◽  
Hélène Richard-Lepouriel ◽  
Kerstin Weber ◽  
Isabella Berardelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Suicidal Patient ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Interventions ◽  
Suicidal Patients ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
The Relationship

Emergency departments (EDs) play an increasingly crucial role in the management of patients with suicidal behavior (SB). Demoralization has been associated with SB in various populations and conditions, but little is known about the effect of this construct in SB patients who attend an ED. Therefore, a more inclusive SB assessment which considers the demoralization construct could be useful in clinical practice. The main aim of this study was to assess the presence and severity of demoralization in patients visiting EDs for SB. Secondly, the maintenance of the relationship between demoralization and SB after controlling for depression and the proportion of variance which accounted for hopelessness was investigated. A cross-sectional study of patients (N = 199) visiting an ED for SB was performed, which examined the role of demoralization, hopelessness, and depression on suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SAs). Demoralization was strongly and positively correlated with SI. Demoralization was related to major depressive episodes, but it was confirmed to be a different and, probably, more sensitive construct for SB, validating its specificity in relation to depression. Hopelessness accounted for a small portion of the variance in SI, compared to demoralization. Formal support for the association of demoralization with SI was provided. Demoralization can improve SB assessment in EDs, particularly among patients whose suicide risk can be unnoticed. Furthermore, demoralization represents a clinically useful concept to increase comprehension of the suffering of the suicidal patient and a possible target for psychotherapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals TINGKAT GEJALA DEPRESI PADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI SARJANA KEPERAWATAN DI INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI DAN KESEHATAN (ITEKES) BALI

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Made Dian Shanti Kusuma ◽  
I KADEK NURYANTO ◽  
I PUTU GEDE SUTRISNA
Keyword(s):  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Health

Latar Belakang: Depresi pada remaja atau dewasa muda sangat jarang teridentifikasi, depresi tersebut dapat dipengaruhi oleh masalah depresi dari keluarga, stress, dan perubahan hormone. Apabila gejala perubahan psikologis yang dimiliki seseorang tidak teridentifikasi dan diatasi dengan baik, mereka bisa mengalami depresi. Dalam hal ini, skrining depresi perlu dilakukan dikalangan mahasiswa untuk mencegah terjadinya depresi.Metode: Design pada penelitian ini adalah descriptive dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, populasi dan sampel adalah mahasiswa program studi Sarjana Keperawatan ITEKES Bali. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuesioner Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) yang digunakan untuk melakukan skrining depresi.Hasil: Tingkat gejala depresi pada mahasiswa program studi sarjana keperawatan bervariasi dimana hampir 50% memiliki gejala depresi ringan yaitu sebanyak 107 orang (45.5%), sedangkan terlihat 4 orang mahasiswa memiliki gejala depresi berat (1.7%). Sekitar 30% mahasiswa 69 (29.4%) tidak depresi. Dimana beberapa perilaku terkait gejala depresi yang dialami oleh responden adalah kurang tertarik atau bergairah dalam melakukan apapun, merasa murung, muram, atau putus asa, sulit tidur atau insomnia, kurang percaya diri, dan sulit berkonsentrasi pada sesuatu.Kesimpulan: Gejala depresi yang dialami mahasiswa bervariasi dilihat dari data karakteristik. Pada mahasiswa jika mekanisme koping nya kurang baik/maladaptive akan sangat renten memiliki gejala depresi. Oleh karena itu, perlu pengawasan khusus untuk mahasiswa apabila dilihat menunjukkan tanda dan gejal depresi, untuk mencegah terjadinya depresi

Antidepressants-Induced Sexual Troubles

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S283-S284
Author(s):  
H. Ben Ammar ◽  
G. Hamdi ◽  
H. Zalila ◽  
Z. El Hechmi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexual Side Effects ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes

IntroductionFor a long time, antidepressants sexual side effects have been neglected. Currently, no reliable scientific data is available regarding the nature and frequency of sexual dysfunction induced by antidepressants. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence and type of sexual dysfunction induced by antidepressants, and to identify factors associated with the occurrence of these disorders.MethodologyA descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study extending over a period of two week. For the purpose of this research, a socio-demographic card, the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX) and the Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire (SALSEX) were used.ResultsFifty-five patients were recruited. The diagnosis of major depressive episodes was dominant (49.1%). Moreover, fluoxetine and tricyclic were in top of the list of antidepressants with respective proportions of 41.8% and 38.2% and respective dose 20.86 mg/24 h and 72.38 mg/24 h. The score using the ASEX scale was 14.63 ± 5.23. Using the SALSEX scale, 47.3% of patients claimed to have had sexual disorders secondary to antidepressants with a moderate score of 9.19 ± 2.56. Furthermore, sexual disorders were more common in the elderly aged of 45 (66.66%) as well as in patients started on paroxetine (66.66%) and on sertraline (66.66%) (P ≤ 0.05).ConclusionThe sexual side effects of antidepressants have a major impact on the quality of life and adherence to treatment. They also represent an important risk factor for relapse and recurrence in major depression, in this context, the prescription of an antidepressant.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Brazilian version of Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in Quilombola population using the Item Response Theory

Salud Mental ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Sabrina Martins Barroso ◽  
Ana Paula Souto Melo ◽  
Mônia Aparecida da Silva ◽  
Mark Drew Crosland Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Introduction. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is one of the most validated tools used to detect depressive episodes in Brazil. Objective. This study investigates the psychometric properties of the PHQ-9 using the Item Response Theory. Method. We used the gradual response model to assess depression in 764 residents of Brazilian rural communities of descended from slaves (quilombos) from the county of Vitória da Conquista, state of Bahia, Brazil, who had responded to PHQ-9. We estimated the parameters for item discrimination and difficulty. Results. The items of the PHQ-9 showed the ability to discriminate from moderate to very high. The items evaluating thoughts of hurting oneself and death showed the greatest discrimination while feeling depressed showed the lowest discrimination. Discussion and conclusion. The Item Response Theory enables advances in the analysis of the psychometric properties of the screening tools assessing depression, and indicates that PHQ-9 can be used in rural populations in Brazil.

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