Acute vestibular syndrome associated with anti-GQ1b antibody

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. e1085-e1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun-Uk Lee ◽  
Hyo-Jung Kim ◽  
Jeong-Yoon Choi ◽  
Jong Kuk Kim ◽  
Ji-Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spontaneous Nystagmus ◽  
Ocular Motor ◽  
Positional Nystagmus ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Fisher Syndrome ◽  
Acute Vestibular Syndrome ◽  
Positive Serum ◽  
National University ◽  
Seoul National University

ObjectivesTo delineate the clinical features and ocular motor findings in acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) associated with anti-GQ1b antibodies.MethodsWe reviewed 90 patients with positive serum anti-GQ1b antibody in association with various neurological syndromes at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from 2004 to 2018. The diagnoses included typical Miller Fisher syndrome (n = 31), acute ophthalmoplegia without ataxia (n = 27), Guillain-Barre syndrome with ophthalmoplegia (n = 18), AVS (n = 11), and Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (n = 3). Of them, the 11 patients with AVS formed the basis of this study. We also conducted a systematic review on AVS reported in association with anti-GQ1b antibody.ResultsPatients with AVS showed various ocular motor findings that included head-shaking nystagmus (n = 6), spontaneous nystagmus (n = 5), gaze-evoked nystagmus (n = 5), central positional nystagmus (n = 3), canal paresis (n = 2), and abnormal head-impulse tests (n = 1) without any internal or external ophthalmoplegia. Compared to those with other subtypes, patients with AVS mostly showed normal deep tendon reflexes (8 of 11 [73%], p = 0.002) and normal results on nerve conduction studies (4 of 4 [100%], p = 0.010). The clinical and laboratory findings resolved or improved markedly in all patients within 6 months of symptom onset. Systematic review further identified 7 patients with AVS and positive serum anti-GQ1b antibody who showed various ocular motor findings, including gaze-evoked nystagmus, saccadic dysmetria, central positional nystagmus, and ocular flutter or opsoclonus.ConclusionAnti-GQ1b antibody may cause acute vestibulopathy by involving either the central or peripheral vestibular structures. AVS may constitute a subtype of anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome.

scholarly journals Predictors of cervical myelopathy and hydrocephalus in young children with achondroplasia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngbo Shim ◽  
Jung Min Ko ◽  
Tae-Joon Cho ◽  
Seung‐Ki Kim ◽  
Ji Hoon Phi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Frontal Horn ◽  
National University ◽  
Seoul National University

Abstract Background Cervical myelopathy and hydrocephalus occasionally occur in young children with achondroplasia. However, these conditions are not evaluated in a timely manner in many cases. The current study presents significant predictors for cervical myelopathy and hydrocephalus in young children with achondroplasia. Methods A retrospective analysis of 65 patients with achondroplasia who visited Seoul National University Children’s Hospital since 2012 was performed. The patients were divided into groups according to the presence of cervical myelopathy and hydrocephalus, and differences in foramen magnum parameters and ventricular parameters by magnetic resonance imaging between groups were analyzed. Predictors for cervical myelopathy and hydrocephalus were analyzed, and the cut-off points for significant ones were calculated. Results The group with cervical myelopathy showed foramen magnum parameters that indicated significantly lower cord thickness than in the group without cervical myelopathy, and the group with hydrocephalus showed significantly higher ventricular parameters and ‘Posterior indentation’ grade than the group without hydrocephalus. ‘Cord constriction ratio’ (OR 5199.90, p = 0.001) for cervical myelopathy and ‘Frontal horn width’ (OR 1.14, p = 0.001) and ‘Posterior indentation’ grade (grade 1: OR 9.25, p = 0.06; grade 2: OR 18.50, p = 0.01) for hydrocephalus were significant predictors. The cut-off points for cervical myelopathy were ‘Cord constriction ratio’ of 0.25 and ‘FM AP’ of 8 mm (AUC 0.821 and 0.862, respectively) and ‘Frontal horn width’ of 50 mm and ‘Posterior indentation’ grade of 0 (AUC 0.788 and 0.758, respectively) for hydrocephalus. Conclusion ‘Cord constriction ratio’ for cervical myelopathy and ‘Frontal horn width’ and ‘Posterior indentation’ grade for hydrocephalus were significant predictors and may be used as useful parameters for management. ‘Posterior indentation’ grade may also be used to determine the treatment method for hydrocephalus.

scholarly journals Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults: A Hospital-Based Cohort at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Lim ◽  
Se Hee Min ◽  
Ji Hyun Lee ◽  
Lee Kyung Kim ◽  
Dong-Hwa Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
National University ◽  
Seoul National University

scholarly journals The laboratory findings and different COVID-19 severities: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfan Kazemi ◽  
Reihane Soldoozi Nejat ◽  
Fatemeh Ashkan ◽  
Hossein Sheibani
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Laboratory Findings

Abstract Background Abnormal laboratory findings are common in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effect of the level of some laboratory factors (C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine, leukocyte count, hemoglobin, and platelet count) on the severity and outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. We collected the articles published before May 26, 2020. We gathered the laboratory factors in groups of patients with COVID-19, and studied the relation between level of these factors with severity and outcome of the disease. Results Mean CRP level, creatinine, hemoglobin, and the leukocytes count in the critically ill patients were significantly higher than those of the other groups (non-critical patients); mean CRP = 54.81 mg/l, mean creatinine = 86.82 μmol/l, mean hemoglobin = 144.05 g/l, and mean leukocyte count = 7.41 × 109. The lymphocyte count was higher in patients with mild/moderate disease (mean: 1.32 × 109) and in the invasive ventilation group (mean value of 0.72 × 109), but it was considerably lower than those of the other two groups. The results showed that the platelet count was higher in critically ill patients (mean value of 205.96 × 109). However, the amount was lower in the invasive ventilation group compared with the other groups (mean level = 185.67 × 109). Conclusion With increasing disease severity, the leukocyte count and the level of CRP increase significantly and the lymphocyte count decreases. There seems to be a significant relation between platelet level, hemoglobin, and creatinine level with severity of the disease. However, more studies are required to confirm this.

Climate related variations in atmospheric nitrous oxide concentration during the Mid- to Late Holocene

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Azharuddin ◽  
Jinho Ahn ◽  
Yeongjun Ryu ◽  
Ed Brook
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
La Niña ◽  
La Nina ◽  
National University ◽  
Seoul National University ◽  
Sudden Decrease ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Concentration

<p>Nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) is an important greenhouse gas with sources that respond to the biogeochemical processes on land and ocean. The major sources of atmospheric N<sub>2</sub>O are nitrification and denitrification occurring in terrestrial soils and the ocean. Here we present a new high-resolution atmospheric N<sub>2</sub>O record obtained from South Pole Ice (SPICE) core site covering the Mid- to Late Holocene (since ~5.5 ka). The N<sub>2</sub>O analysis was performed in a specialised wet extraction facility installed at Seoul National University that used small ice samples (<20 g) to yield a high precision (average standard deviation of ~1ppb) record. The new N<sub>2</sub>O data agree well with existing records on the millennial scale and reveal new details on the multi-centennial scale. Our results show a progressive increase in atmospheric N<sub>2</sub>O during 5.5 to 3.2 ka which correlates well with the increase of marine denitrification around the Arabian Sea (AS) and Peru-Chile Margin (PCM) as well as Indian monsoon precipitation around the same period. A local minimum in N<sub>2</sub>O is observed around 2.8 ka, possibly related to a sudden decrease in Western Tropical South (WTS) Pacific sea surface temperature and increased La-Nina like conditions which may have supressed denitrification along PCM. These conditions may have further influenced the monsoons and reduced denitrification in land soils. Our record also shows a local N<sub>2</sub>O maximum around 2.2 ka which may correspond to relaxed La-Nina like conditions around WTS Pacific. Subsequently, the N<sub>2</sub>O further dropped to attain a pronounced minimum around 1.4 ka. Similar N<sub>2</sub>O minima are also observed in Styx (Antarctica) and  NEEM (Greenland) ice core records, demonstrating the robustness of the signals.</p>

scholarly journals Screening for early detection of lung cancer: results from Seoul National University Hospital.

1991 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Yong Chol Han ◽  
Chul Gyu Yoo ◽  
Young Whan Kim ◽  
Sung Koo Han ◽  
Young Soo Shim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
National University ◽  
Seoul National University
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