Association of Body Mass Index in Adolescence and Young Adulthood and Long-term Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Population-Based Study

Objective:To prospectively investigate the long-term relationship between body mass index (BMI) in adolescents and young adults, and risk for multiple sclerosis (MS) at population level.Methods:We utilized data from the population-based compulsory Norwegian tuberculosis screening program during 1963-1975, including objectively measured height and weight from approximately 85% of all eligible citizens. This was combined with data from the Norwegian MS registry and biobank up to November 2020. BMI was standardized according to age and sex, and risk for MS was calculated using Cox proportional hazard models.Results:During 30,829,506 years of follow-up we found 1,409 cases of MS among 648,734 participants in eligible age groups (14-34 years). Overall, obesity was associated with increased MS risk (HR 1.53 [95% CI 1.25-1.88]), and the risk was similar in men (HR 1.4 [95% CI 0.95-2.06] and women (HR 1.59 [95% CI 1.25-2.02]). Risk was highest for the youngest age groups (age 14-16: HR 1.73 [95% CI 1.19-2.53], 17-19: HR 1.61 [95% CI 1.08-2.39] and 20-24: HR 1.56 [95% CI 1.04-2.36]) and was no longer present for those older than 30 years.Conclusion:High BMI in individuals aged 14 to 24 years was associated with increased MS-risk later in life, in both males and females.

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Body-mass index and long-term risk of sepsis-related mortality: a population-based cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults

Critical Care ◽

10.1186/s13054-020-03229-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Li Weng ◽

Junning Fan ◽

Canqing Yu ◽

Yu Guo ◽

Zheng Bian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Body Mass ◽

Population Based ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Related Mortality

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Changes in Body Mass Index and Quality of Life—Population-Based Follow-up Study COURAGE and COURAGE-POLFUS, Poland

Applied Research in Quality of Life ◽

10.1007/s11482-019-09776-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Katarzyna Zawisza ◽

Beata Tobiasz-Adamczyk ◽

Aleksander Galas ◽

Katarzyna Jabłońska ◽

Tomasz Grodzicki

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Body Mass ◽

Population Level ◽

Population Based ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Weight Loss Programs

Abstract The study aimed to verify an association between changes in body mass index (BMI) and quality of life (QoL) in a 4-year follow-up in a population-based study in Poland. The results covered data from 1557 adults from the general Polish population who participated in the follow-up survey, performed in two waves: 2011 (COURAGE in Europe); 2015/2016 (COURAGE-POLFUS). Anthropometric measurements and a structured questionnaire including the WHOQOL-AGE scale were used. Regression models were applied to verify whether the observed BMI–QoL association is linear or U-shaped. The inverse U-shaped association between BMI changes and QoL among Polish adults was found using a univariable model. This association was observed in women, whereas in men a linear relationship was found. At the population level, weight loss (BMI decrease of 5–10%) was associated with better QoL in healthy people. The reverse was true in sick people, whose weight loss was observed to be an indicator of poorer QoL. In conclusion, the study suggests an inverse U-shaped association between BMI and quality of life. Better QoL may be considered an additional benefit of public weight loss programs for healthy adults. Further studies focusing on people with some chronic diseases are needed.

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Associations between snus use, body mass index and general health in a cross-sectional population-based sample of women.

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1403494817748758 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 46 (5) ◽

pp. 580-587 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ingeborg Lund ◽

Elisabeth Kvaavik ◽

Mari Nygård ◽

Bo T. Hansen

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

General Health ◽

Age Groups ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lower Likelihood ◽

Low Bmi ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Never Smokers

Background: In Norway, snus use among women has increased substantially over the last decade, particularly in younger age groups. Snus use is associated with increased morbidity among men, but few studies have addressed health consequences of snus use among women. Aim: To investigate the associations between body mass index (BMI) and female snus use, and between self-rated general health and female snus use. Methods: A nationally representative net sample of 13,756 women in Norway, aged 18–45 years, participated in a survey on lifestyle and health. Ordinal logistic regression was applied to address associations between snus use and BMI/general health, adjusting for age and lifestyle factors. Results: Compared to never users of snus, daily snus users had a lower likelihood of high BMI (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.68–1.00), a higher likelihood of low BMI (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.14–2.33), and a higher likelihood of poor/fair health (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.08–1.90). Former and occasional snus users did not differ from never users in terms of BMI or general health in multiply adjusted models. Daily smokers had the highest likelihood of reporting poor/fair health (OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.8–2.63) relative to never smokers. Conclusions: Daily female snus use was associated with a lower likelihood of being overweight, and a higher likelihood of being underweight. Moreover, daily snus use was associated with a higher likelihood of worse general health. Former and occasional female snus use was not associated with BMI or general health.

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Validation and calibration of self-reported weight and height from individuals in the city of São Paulo

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/1809-4503201400030013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 735-746 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Aline Martins de Carvalho ◽

Lívia Gonçalves Piovezan ◽

Soraya SantÂ´Ana de Castro Selem ◽

Regina Mara Fisberg ◽

Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Age Groups ◽

Population Based ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Body Mass Index Data ◽

Calibration Coefficients

Objective: To evaluate the validity of self-reported weight and height measurements among residents of São Paulo, as well as the accuracy of these measurements for determining nutritional status, and to present calibration coefficients. Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based study was performed with a sample of 299 adolescents, adults and elderly of both genders, in São Paulo in 2008. Bland-Altman difference plot and intraclass correlation were used to determine agreement between measured and self-reported parameters. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed for overweight, and calibration coefficients were estimated for correction of weight, height and body mass index data. Results: The intraclass correlation was high between self-reported and measured parameters for weight (r > 0,94) and body mass index (BMI) (r > 0,85). The agreement between measured and self-reported weight, height and BMI was good. Sensibility was > 91% and specificity was > 83%. Conclusion: Self-reported weight measurements can substitute measured parameters in this population, in both genders and in the age groups studied. Self-reported height measurements should be used with caution. Calibration coefficients can be used to adjust self-reported measurements.

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Is neighbourhood walkability related to body mass index among different age groups? A cross-sectional study of Canadian urban areas

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032475 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. e032475 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Justin Thielman ◽

Ray Copes ◽

Laura C Rosella ◽

Maria Chiu ◽

Heather Manson

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Neighbourhood Walkability ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Objectively Measured

BackgroundStudies of neighbourhood walkability and body mass index (BMI) have shown mixed results, possibly due to biases from self-reported outcomes or differential effects across age groups. Our objective was to examine relationships between walkability and objectively measured BMI in various age groups, in a nationally representative population.MethodsThe study population came from the 2007–2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey, a cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative Canadian population. In our covariate-adjusted analyses, we included survey respondents aged 6–79 who were not pregnant, did not live in rural areas, were not missing data and were not thin/underweight. We used objectively measured height and weight to calculate BMI among adults aged 18–79 and zBMI among children aged 6–17. We categorised respondents into walkability quintiles based on their residential Street Smart Walk Score values. We performed linear regression to estimate differences between walkability quintiles in BMI and zBMI. We analysed adults and children overall; age subgroups 6–11, 12–17, 18–29, 30–44, 45–64 and 65–79; and sex subgroups.ResultsThe covariate-adjusted models included 9265 respondents overall. After adjustment, differences between walkability quintiles in BMI and zBMI were small and not statistically significant, except for males aged 6–17 in the second-highest walkability quintile who had significantly lower zBMIs than those in the lowest quintile.ConclusionAfter accounting for confounding factors, we did not find evidence of a relationship between walkability and BMI in children or adults overall, or in any age subgroup with sexes combined. However, post hoc analysis by sex suggested males aged 6–17 in more walkable areas may have lower zBMIs.

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Association between body mass index and the risk of atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke according to age: a nationwide population-based cohort study

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2411 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

H J Ahn ◽

S R Lee ◽

E K Choi ◽

K D Han ◽

S I Kwon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Body Mass ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Population Based ◽

Age Group ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) and ischemic stroke (IS) are two significant cardiovascular diseases that confer an enormous healthcare burden. A limited study comprehensively evaluated the association between full ranges of body mass index (BMI), including underweight, and AF or IS risks, especially in the different age subgroups. Purpose We investigated the association between BMI and AF and IS incidence according to the Korean population's age groups. Methods This was a nationwide population-based cohort study using data from the Korea National Health Insurance Service, including 9 194 477 healthy adults who underwent a medical examination in 2009. We stratified the study population into three age subgroups: age 20–39 (young, 33.1%), age 40–64 (middle-aged, 56.3%), and age over 65 years (elderly, 10.6%). In each age group, the individuals were categorized based on BMI (kg/m2) into underweight (<18.5), normal (18.5 to <23), overweight (23 to <25), obese I (25 to <30), and obese II (≥30). The first occurrences of AF and IS were followed up until December 31, 2018. According to BMI in each age group, the risks of AF and IS were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression with 95% confidence intervals (CI) by adjusting age, sex, lifestyle behaviors, and comorbidities. Results Overall, both underweight and higher BMI were associated with an increased risk of AF and stroke across all age groups. The increased risk of AF for patients with obese II was slightly accentuated compared to patients with normal BMI in the young population than elderly population (hazard ratio [HR] 1.78, 95% CI 1.63–1.94 for age 20–39 years; HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.48–1.61 for age ≥65 years, respectively). For underweight individuals, however, the increased risk of AF became more prominent in the elderly: HR and 95% CI was 1.12 (1.07–1.17) in the age over 65 years old, and 1.05 (0.94–1.16) in the age 20–39. Regarding IS, the young group presented a considerable increment in the magnitude of HRs in both underweight and higher BMI groups. However, the association between the BMI and stroke risk became attenuated in the elderly: HRs and 95% CI in underweight and obese II individuals were 1.10 (0.93–1.30) and 2.223 (1.99–2.49) in the age 20–39 group, whereas 0.97 (0.93–1.01) and 1.03 (0.98–1.08) in the age over 65 years old. Conclusions Underweight as well as obesity was associated with increased risks of AF and IS in the general population. In both AF and IS, the gradient of risks according to BMI was apparent at young ages; thus, maintaining normal body weight should be warranted in early life. An interplay of several factors other than BMI may contribute to ischemic stroke in the old ages, requiring integrated risk management in older patients. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

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Greater body mass index is a better predictor of subclinical cardiac damage at long-term follow-up in men than is insulin sensitivity: a prospective, population-based cohort study

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12872-015-0165-3 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mette Lundgren Nielsen ◽

Manan Pareek ◽

Oke Gerke ◽

Margrét Leósdóttir ◽

Peter M. Nilsson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Body Mass ◽

Population Based ◽

Cardiac Damage ◽

Long Term Follow Up

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The Association between Body Mass Index and the Risk of Hospitalization and Mortality due to Infection: a prospective cohort study

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa545 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wei-Shun Yang ◽

Yi-Cheng Chang ◽

Chia-Hsuin Chang ◽

Li-Chiu Wu ◽

Jiun-Ling Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Body Mass ◽

Screening Program ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Population Based ◽

Obese People ◽

Therapeutic Measures ◽

Abdominal Infections ◽

Health Screening Program

Abstract Background We aim to determine whether obesity increases the risk of various infections using a large prospective population-based cohort. Methods A total of 120,864 adults were recruited from the New Taipei City health screening program from 2005 to 2008. Statistics for hospitalization and mortality due to infection were obtained from the National Health Insurance Database and the National Death Registry in Taiwan. Results During a mean follow-up period of 7.61 years, there were 438, 7,582, 5,298 and 1,480 first hospitalization due to infection in the underweight, normal, overweight and obese group, respectively. Obesity significantly increases the risk of hospitalization for intra-abdominal infections (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.19; 95% confidence internal [CI]: 1.00-1.40), including diverticulitis, liver abscess, acute cholecystitis and anal and rectal abscess, reproductive and urinary tract infection (aHR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.26-1.50), skin and soft tissue infection (aHR: 2.46; 95% CI: 2.15-2.81), osteomyelitis (aHR: 1.70; 95% CI: 1.14-2.54) and necrotizing fasciitis (aHR: 3.54; 95% CI:1.87-6.67) and this relationship is dose-dependent. This study shows that there is a U-shaped association between BMI and hospitalization for lower respiratory tract infection, septicemia and the summation of all infections and underweight people are at the greatest risk, followed by obese people. There is a clear negative relationship between body mass index (BMI) and infection-related mortality. Conclusions The pattern that BMI affects the risk of hospitalization and mortality due to infection varies widely across infection sites. It is necessary to tailor preventive and therapeutic measures against different infections in hosts with different BMI.

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