scholarly journals Global proteomic analyses of human cytotrophoblast differentiation/invasion

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Katherine E. Williams ◽  
Elaine Y. Kwan ◽  
Mirhan Kapidzic ◽  
Kenisha A. Puckett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Spectral Library ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Culture Time ◽  
Data Independent Acquisition ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
New Information ◽  
Acquisition Strategy ◽  
In Pregnancy

During human pregnancy, cytotrophoblasts (CTBs) from the placenta differentiate into specialized subpopulations that play critical roles in proper fetal growth and development. A subset of these CTBs differentiate along an invasive pathway, penetrating the decidua and anchoring the placenta to the uterus. A critical hurdle in pregnancy is the ability of these cells to migrate, invade, and remodel spiral arteries, ensuring adequate blood flow to nourish the developing fetus. While advances continue in describing the molecular features regulating the differentiation of these cells, assessment of their global proteomic changes at midgestation remain undefined. Here, using sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment-ion spectra (SWATH), a data-independent acquisition strategy, we characterized the protein repertoire of second trimester human CTBs during their differentiation towards an invasive phenotype. This mass spectrometry-based approach allowed identification of 3,026 proteins across four culture time points corresponding to sequential stages of differentiation, confirming the expression dynamics of established molecules and offering new information into other pathways involved. The availability of a SWATH CTB global spectral library serves as a beneficial resource for hypothesis generation and a foundation for further understanding of CTB differentiation dynamics.

Neurological manifestation in severe hypothyroidism in pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e238069
Author(s):  
Aparna Sharma ◽  
Nilofar Noor ◽  
Vatsla Dadhwal
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Facial Palsy ◽  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Pituitary Hyperplasia ◽  
Very High ◽  
In Pregnancy

Neurological manifestations of hypothyroidism include peripheral neuropathy and pituitary hyperplasia. However, these associations are rarely encountered during pregnancy. We report a case of a known hypothyroid with very high thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) values (512 μIU/mL) in the second trimester. At 24 weeks she developed facial palsy and pituitary hyperplasia which responded to a combination of steroids and thyroxine. She had caesarean delivery at 35 weeks and 3 days gestation in view of pre-eclampsia with severe features and was discharged on oral antihypertensives and thyroxine. On follow-up at 5 months, TSH normalised and pituitary hyperplasia showed a greater than 50% reduction in size. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of facial palsy and pituitary hyperplasia associated with hypothyroidism during pregnancy.

Comparison of pregnancy outcomes after second trimester amniocentesis between procedures performed by experts and non-experts

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanapak Wisetmongkolchai ◽  
Fuanglada Tongprasert ◽  
Kasemsri Srisupundit ◽  
Suchaya Luewan ◽  
Kuntharee Traisrisilp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the rate of fetal loss in pregnancy after second trimester amniocentesis between procedures performed by experts and non-experts and to assess other pregnancy complications as secondary outcomes.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed on singleton pregnancies that underwent mid-trimester amniocenteses in a single institution. The fetal loss rates of procedures performed by experts and non-experts were collected and analyzed. Other adverse pregnancy outcomes were also examined.ResultsIn total, 14,450 amniocenteses were performed during the study period. These included 11,357 (78.6%) procedures in the group expert operators and 3,093 (21.4%) procedures in the group non-expert operators. In the non-expert group, the fetal loss rate was slightly increased but not significantly (p=0.24).In addition, the higher number of spontaneous abortions was associated with blood-stained amniotic fluid sample (p<0.001; RR=9.28). Multiple needle insertions also increased in the non-expert group significantly. However, no difference in pregnancy outcomes was found between in single and multiple needle insertions.ConclusionsThe amniocentesis procedures performed by the non-experts was not increase the fetal loss rate. However, the other adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight and fetal growth restriction were significantly increased in the non-expert group.

scholarly journals Serum cystatin is not a marker of glomerular filtration rate in pregnancy

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Bramham ◽  
David Makanjuola ◽  
Wael Hussein ◽  
Debra Cafful ◽  
Hassan Shehata
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Serum Cystatin ◽  
In Pregnancy

The role of cystatin C (Cys-C) as a marker of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in pregnancy is undetermined. Measurements of Cys-C and creatinine (Cr) were taken at 14–17+6, 18–23+6, 27–31+6 weeks' gestation, at delivery and 2–6 weeks postpartum in a prospective observational study of 27 women. There was no difference between Cys-C levels in early and late second trimester, but they were significantly higher in early third trimester ( P < 0.001) than second trimester, despite no concurrent increase in Cr. Cys-C was also significantly higher at delivery than at all other times in pregnancy ( P < 0.001) and fell to postpartum values higher than second trimester measurements ( P < 0.01), but lower than delivery ( P<0.001). In conclusion, changes in Cys-C may be influenced by pregnancy-related changes in glomerular filtration and therefore we would advise against their use as a marker of GFR in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Antenatal Spontaneous Renal Forniceal Rupture Presenting as an Acute Abdomen

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Jennifer Travieso ◽  
Omar M. Young
Keyword(s):  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrostomy ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Intractable Pain ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background. Renal forniceal rupture is a lesser-known cause of acute abdomen in pregnancy. The ureteral compression by the gravid uterus places pregnant women at a higher risk. Sequelae in pregnancy could include intractable pain, acute kidney injury, and preterm birth.Case. A 22-year-old primigravida with no prior medical history presented with an acute abdomen in her second trimester. The diagnosis of renal forniceal rupture was made by a radiologist using MRI. A percutaneous nephrostomy catheter was placed, and the patient’s pain was relieved. She subsequently delivered at term.Conclusion. Upon presentation of an acute abdomen in pregnancy, providers may not include renal forniceal rupture in their differential as readily as obstetric or gynecologic causes, resulting in delayed diagnosis, unnecessary invasive interventions, and potentially adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Increasing provider awareness could result in improved outcomes.

Endocrine disease in pregnancy

2010 ◽  
pp. 2140-2143
Author(s):  
John H. Lazarus
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Pituitary Tumour ◽  
Lymphocytic Hypophysitis ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Endocrine Disease ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Hormones

Endocrine function in the developing fetus is initially almost entirely dependent on the mother, with the fetus becoming less reliant on maternal hormones as the fetal glands develop and mature from the second trimester onwards. Lymphocytic hypophysitis—typically presents with symptoms of an expanding pituitary tumour; increasingly recognized as a cause of hypopituitarism occurring late in pregnancy and in the postpartum period....

scholarly journals Peritoneovaginal Fistula and Appendicitis-Related Pelvic Abscess in Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. e129-e132
Author(s):  
Mona Saleh ◽  
Antonia Francis Kim ◽  
Andrew Gardner ◽  
Katherine Sun ◽  
Sara Brubaker
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Patient ◽  
Pelvic Abscess ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Appendiceal Abscess ◽  
Speculum Examination ◽  
Complete Physical Examination ◽  
Criteria For Diagnosis ◽  
In Pregnancy

AbstractAppendicitis in pregnancy is the most common nonobstetric surgical emergency. Pregnancy causes changes in anatomy, which could lead to uncertainty regarding the diagnosis of appendicitis. This case report describes a case of appendicitis presenting with peritoneovaginal fistula in a pregnant woman in the second trimester, with interesting finding of isolated appendiceal endometriosis on pathology. The importance of complete physical examination, including speculum examination, is emphasized in the pregnant patient presenting with acute-onset abdominal pain. Imaging criteria for diagnosis of appendicitis should be adjusted to account for the gravid uterus, which may cause appendiceal abscess to appear in a variety of locations, such as posterior to the cervix, as in this case.

scholarly journals Arabidopsis proteome and the mass spectral assay library

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huoming Zhang ◽  
Pei Liu ◽  
Tiannan Guo ◽  
Huayan Zhao ◽  
Dalila Bensaddek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Proteomics ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Massively Parallel ◽  
Spectral Library ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Novel Proteins ◽  
Data Independent Acquisition ◽  
Arabidopsis Proteome ◽  
Expression Atlas ◽  
Targeted Approach

AbstractArabidopsis is an important model organism and the first plant with its genome completely sequenced. Knowledge from studying this species has either direct or indirect applications for agriculture and human health. Quantitative proteomics by data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (SWATH/DIA-MS) was recently developed and is considered as a high-throughput, massively parallel targeted approach for accurate proteome quantification. In this approach, a high-quality and comprehensive spectral library is a prerequisite. Here, we generated an expression atlas of 10 organs of Arabidopsis and created a library consisting of 15,514 protein groups, 187,265 unique peptide sequences, and 278,278 precursors. The identified protein groups correspond to ~56.5% of the predicted proteome. Further proteogenomics analysis identified 28 novel proteins. We applied DIA-MS using this library to quantify the effect of abscisic acid on Arabidopsis. We were able to recover 8,793 protein groups of which 1,787 were differentially expressed. MS data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD012708 and PXD012710 for data-dependent acquisition and PXD014032 for DIA analyses.

scholarly journals Hyperthyroidism During Pregnancy: Etiology, Diagnosis and Management

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
John H Lazarus
Keyword(s):  
Radioiodine Therapy ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Neonatal Hyperthyroidism ◽  
In Pregnancy

Pregnancy has marked effects on thyroid physiology and autoimmune thyroid disease tends to ameliorate through gestation due to the general immunosuppression seen in pregnancy. There is a need for trimester-specific thyroid hormone reference ranges. Hyperthyroidism in pregnancy – usually due to Graves' disease – is not common but, if the patient is compliant, a good outcome can be expected for both mother and child if treatment with anti-thyroid drugs (propylthiouracil is preferred) is instituted. Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody should be measured at 36 weeks in such patients in order to predict the possibility of neonatal hyperthyroidism. Transient gestational hyperthyroidism is often associated with hyperemesis gravidarum and thyroid function should be checked in patients severely affected by this condition. Radioiodine therapy is contraindicated in pregnancy but thyroid surgery may be performed safely in the second trimester. Autoimmune thyroiditis and Graves’ hyperthyroidism occur quite commonly in postpartum women.

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