Effect of cell shape on proteinase secretion by epithelial cells

1987 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-267
Author(s):  
H.L. Hong ◽  
D.M. Brunette
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cholera Toxin ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Dibutyryl Cyclic Amp ◽  
Neutral Proteinase ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mechanical Stretching

Cell proliferation has been found to correlate with increased secretion of proteinases, such as plasminogen activator, in several different cell populations. In addition, the shape of the cell may also play a role in regulating proteinase secretion. However, the relationship between cell proliferation, cell shape and proteinase secretion has not been studied in diploid epithelial (E) cells cultured from porcine periodontal ligament (PL). We have modified PLE cell shape by physical means, such as growth on less-adhesive substrata and mechanical stretching, and by exposure to cholera toxin and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Neutral proteinase and plasminogen activator secretion were found to correlate with cell shape, the more round the cells, the greater the amount of proteinase secreted. PLE cells, stimulated to proliferate by cholera toxin or dibutyryl cyclic AMP, were more spread than control cells, but secreted less neutral proteinase and plasminogen activator. TPA stimulated cell proliferation slightly but, in contrast to cholera toxin, increased cell rounding and the secretion of neutral proteinase and plasminogen activator. Thus proteinase secretion was related more to cell shape than to cell proliferation.

scholarly journals METTL14 promotes tumorigenesis by regulating lncRNA OIP5-AS1/miR-98/ADAMTS8 signaling in papillary thyroid cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Zhang ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Chengyou Jia ◽  
Haidong Cai ◽  
Zhongwei Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common type of cancer of the endocrine system. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as a novel class of gene expression regulators associated with tumorigenesis. Through preexisting databases available for differentially expressed lncRNAs in PTC, we uncovered that lncRNA OIP5-AS1 was significantly upregulated in PTC tissues. However, the function and the underlying mechanism of OIP5-AS1 in PTC are poorly understood. Methods Expression of lncRNA OIP5-AS1 and miR-98 in PTC tissue and cells were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). And expression of METTL14 and ADAMTS8 in PTC tissue and cells were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot. The biological functions of METTL14, OIP5-AS1, and ADAMTS8 were examined using MTT, colony formation, transwell, and wound healing assays in PTC cells. The relationship between METTL14 and OIP5-AS1 were evaluated using RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull down assay. And the relationship between miR-98 and ADAMTS8 were examined by luciferase reporter assay. For in vivo experiments, a xenograft model was used to investigate the effects of OIP5-AS1 and ADAMTS8 in PTC. Results Functional validation revealed that OIP5-AS1 overexpression promotes PTC cell proliferation, migration/invasion in vitro and in vivo, while OIP5-AS1 knockdown shows an opposite effect. Mechanistically, OIP5-AS1 acts as a target of miR-98, which activates ADAMTS8. OIP5-AS1 promotes PTC cell progression through miR-98/ADAMTS8 and EGFR, MEK/ERK pathways. Furthermore, RIP and RNA pull down assays identified OIP5-AS1 as the downstream target of METTL14. Overexpression of METTL14 suppresses PTC cell proliferation and migration/invasion through inhibiting OIP5-AS1 expression and regulating EGFR, MEK/ERK pathways. Conclusions Collectively, our findings demonstrate that OIP5-AS1 is a METTL14-regulated lncRNA that plays an important role in PTC progression and offers new insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying PTC development.

On the 3D Correlation between Myofibroblast Shape and Contraction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Khang ◽  
Emma Lejeune ◽  
Ali Abbaspour ◽  
Daniel Howsmon ◽  
Michael Sacks
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Interstitial Cell ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Stress Fiber ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Critical Feature ◽  
Peg Hydrogels ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Cell shape is known to correlate closely with stress-fiber geometry and function, and is thus a critical feature of cell biophysical state. However, the relationship between myofibroblast shape and contraction is complex, even as well in regards to steady-state contractile level (basal tonus). At present, the relationship between myofibroblast shape and basal tonus in 3D is poorly understood. Herein, we utilize the aortic valve interstitial cell (AVICs) as a representative myofibroblast to investigate the relationship between basal tonus and overall cell shape. AVICs were embedded within 3D poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels containing degradable peptide crosslinkers, adhesive peptide sequences, and sub-micron fluorescent micro-spheres to track the local displacement field. We then developed a methodology to evaluate the correlation between overall AVIC shape and basal tonus induced contraction. We computed a volume averaged stretch tensor <U> for the volume occupied by the AVIC, which had three distinct eigenvalues (1.08, 0.99, and 0.89), suggesting that AVIC shape is a result of anisotropic contraction. Furthermore, the direction of maximum contraction correlated closely with the longest axis of a bounding ellipsoid enclosing the AVIC. As gel--imbedded AVIC are known to be in a stable state by three days of incubation used herein, this finding suggests that the overall quiescent AVIC shape is driven by the underlying stress-fiber directional structure and possibly contraction level.

The relationship between emerging neural crest cells and basement membranes in the trunk of the mouse embryo: a TEM and immunocytochemical study

Development ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-268
Author(s):  
J. Sternberg ◽  
S. J. Kimber
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Type Iv Collagen ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crest Cell

The earliest stage of neural crest cell (NCC) migration is characterized by an epitheliomesenchymal transformation, as the cells leave the neural tube. There is evidence that in a number of cell systems this transformation is accompanied by alteration or depletion of associated basement membranes. This study examines the ultrastructural relationship between mouse NCCs and adjacent basement membranes during the earliest stages of migration from the neural tube. Basement membranes were identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunofluorescence using antibodies to type-IV collagen. The ultrastructural features of NCCs and their relationship with surrounding tissues were also examined using TEM. In the dorsal region of the neural tube, from which NCCs originate, the basement membrane was depleted or absent, and with the immunofluorescence technique it was shown that this pattern was reflected in a deficit of type-IV collagen. TEM observations indicated that ultrastructurally NCCs differ from their neuroepithelial neighbours only in overall cell shape and their relationship to other cells and the extracellular matrix.

Magnetic fields of 10mT and 120mT change cell shape and structure of F-actins of periodontal ligament cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Xu ◽  
Zhen Fan ◽  
Yong-Lie Chao ◽  
Li Du ◽  
Fu-Qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Cell Shape ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Cells
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