scholarly journals In vivo continuous three-dimensional magnetic resonance microscopy: a study of metamorphosis in Carniolan worker honey bees (Apis mellifera carnica)

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (21) ◽  
pp. jeb225250
Author(s):  
Aleš Mohorič ◽  
Janko Božič ◽  
Polona Mrak ◽  
Kaja Tušar ◽  
Chenyun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Body ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Microscopy ◽  
Tracheal System ◽  
Apis Mellifera Carnica ◽  
Occurrence Matrix

ABSTRACTThree-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) is a modality of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) optimized for the best resolution. Metamorphosis of the Carniolan worker honey bee (Apis mellifera carnica) was studied in vivo under controlled temperature and humidity conditions from sealed larvae until the emergence of an adult. The 3D images were analyzed by volume rendering and segmentation, enabling the analysis of the body, tracheal system and gastrointestinal tract through the time course of volume changes. Fat content sensitivity enabled the analysis of flight muscles transformation during the metamorphosis by the signal histogram and gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM). Although the transformation during metamorphosis is well known, MRM enables an alternative insight to this process, i.e. 3D in vivo, which has relatively high spatial and temporal resolutions. The developed methodology can easily be adapted for studying the metamorphosis of other insects or any other incremental biological process on a similar spatial and temporal scale.

Time Series Analysis of Transmesothelial Invasion by Endometrial Stromal and Epithelial Cells Using Three-dimensional Confocal Microscopy

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (S2) ◽  
pp. 580-581
Author(s):  
CA Witz ◽  
S Cho ◽  
VE Centonze ◽  
IA Montoya-Rodriguez ◽  
RS Schenken
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Collagen Iv ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Endometrial Stromal Cells ◽  
Human Collagen ◽  
Endometrial Epithelial Cells

Using human peritoneal explants, we have previously demonstrated that endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) and endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) attach to intact mesothelium. Attachment occurs within one hour and mesothelial invasion occurs within 18 hours (Figure 1). We have also demonstrated that, in vivo, the mesothelium overlies a continuous layer of collagen IV (Col IV).More recently we have used CLSM, to study the mechanism and time course of ESC and EEC attachment and invasion through mesothelial monolayers. in these studies, CellTracker® dyes were used to label cells. Mesothelial cells were labeled with chloromethylbenzoylaminotetramethylrhodamine (CellTracker Orange). Mesothelial cells were then plated on human collagen IV coated, laser etched coverslips. Mesothelial cells were cultured to subconfluence. ESCs and EECs, labeled with chloromethylfluorscein diacetate (CellTracker Green) were plated on the mesothelial monolayers. Cultures were examined at 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours with simultaneous differential interference contrast and CLSM.

scholarly journals Alteration within the Hippocampal Volume in Patients with LHON Disease—7 Tesla MRI Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Cezary Grochowski ◽  
Kamil Jonak ◽  
Marcin Maciejewski ◽  
Andrzej Stępniewski ◽  
Mansur Rahnama-Hezavah
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
7 Tesla ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Right

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the volumetry of the hippocampus in the Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) of blind patients. Methods: A total of 25 patients with LHON were randomly included into the study from the national health database. A total of 15 patients were selected according to the inclusion criteria. The submillimeter segmentation of the hippocampus was based on three-dimensional spoiled gradient recalled acquisition in steady state (3D-SPGR) BRAVO 7T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol. Results: Statistical analysis revealed that compared to healthy controls (HC), LHON subjects had multiple significant differences only in the right hippocampus, including a significantly higher volume of hippocampal tail (p = 0.009), subiculum body (p = 0.018), CA1 body (p = 0.002), hippocampal fissure (p = 0.046), molecular layer hippocampus (HP) body (p = 0.014), CA3 body (p = 0.006), Granule Cell (GC) and Molecular Layer (ML) of the Dentate Gyrus (DG)–GC ML DG body (p = 0.003), CA4 body (p = 0.001), whole hippocampal body (p = 0.018), and the whole hippocampus volume (p = 0.023). Discussion: The ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging allowed hippocampus quality visualization and analysis, serving as a powerful in vivo diagnostic tool in the diagnostic process and LHON disease course assessment. The study confirmed previous reports regarding volumetry of hippocampus in blind individuals.

In Vivo Tracking of the Human Patella Using Cine Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 650-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. Sheehan ◽  
F. E. Zajac ◽  
J. E. Drace
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Contrast Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Knee Joint Kinematics ◽  
Cine Phase Contrast

Improper patellar tracking is often considered to be the cause of patellar-femoral pain. Unfortunately, our knowledge of patellar-femoral-tibial (knee) joint kinematics is severely limited due to a lack of three-dimensional, noninvasive, in vivo measurement techniques. This study presents the first large-scale, dynamic, three-dimensional, noninvasive, in vivo study of nonimpaired knee joint kinematics during volitional leg extensions. Cine-phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure the velocity profiles of the patella, femur, and tibia in 18 unimpaired knees during leg extensions, resisted by a 34 N weight. Bone displacements were calculated through integration and then converted into three-dimensional orientation angles. We found that the patella displaced laterally, superiorly, and anteriorly as the knee extended. Further, patellar flexion lagged knee flexion, patellar tilt was variable, and patellar rotation was fairly constant throughout extension.

A Cadaveric and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Investigation of the Salpingopharyngeus

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Karen Perta ◽  
Eileen Kalmar ◽  
Youkyung Bae
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The aim of the study was to update our information regarding the salpingopharyngeus (SP) muscle using cadaveric and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. Primary objectives were to (a) observe the presence/absence of the muscle and (b) quantify and describe its dimensions and course. Method SP specimens from 19 cadavers (10 women, nine men) were analyzed. Following head bisection, measurements of SP, including width of the cartilaginous attachment (CW) and width of the superior muscle base (SMW), were taken before and after removal of the overlying mucosa. In addition, SP was analyzed in 15 healthy subjects (eight men, seven women) using high-resolution three-dimensional MRI data. CW and SMW measures were replicated in the paraxial MRI view. Results The presence of the salpingopharyngeal fold and muscle was confirmed bilaterally in all cadaveric and living subjects. Following mucosa removal, mean cadaveric CW and SMW measurements were 5.6 and 3.8 mm, respectively. Mean in vivo CW and SMW were 6.1 and 3.7 mm, respectively. Results from the hierarchical regression analyses revealed that, in both cadaveric and living groups, SMW is dependent on the relationship between age and body weight, after controlling for sex. Conclusions The salpingopharyngeal fold and SP muscle are always present bilaterally and can be quantified at the superior origin using both cadaveric and in vivo three-dimensional MRI data. Though both the superior origin and inferior course of SP are highly variable, the size of the SP muscle is dependent on characteristics known to affect muscle fibers, such as the relationship between age and body weight. Given the consistent and quantifiable presence of the SP muscle, its potential role in velopharyngeal function for speech and swallowing is reconsidered. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14347859

scholarly journals Three-dimensional magnetic resonance microscopy of pulmonary solitary tumors in transgenic mice

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 698-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeto Kubo ◽  
Elena Levantini ◽  
Susumu Kobayashi ◽  
Olivier Kocher ◽  
Balazs Halmos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Microscopy

scholarly journals Vascular phenotyping of brain tumors using magnetic resonance microscopy (μMRI)

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1623-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Kim ◽  
Jiangyang Zhang ◽  
Karen Hong ◽  
Nicole E Benoit ◽  
Arvind P Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Microscopy ◽  
Vascular Phenotype ◽  
Brain Tumor Model ◽  
Novel Method

Abnormal vascular phenotypes have been implicated in neuropathologies ranging from Alzheimer's disease to brain tumors. The development of transgenic mouse models of such diseases has created a crucial need for characterizing the murine neurovasculature. Although histologic techniques are excellent for imaging the microvasculature at submicron resolutions, they offer only limited coverage. It is also challenging to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) vasculature and other structures, such as white matter tracts, after tissue sectioning. Here, we describe a novel method for 3D whole-brain mapping of the murine vasculature using magnetic resonance microscopy (μMRI), and its application to a preclinical brain tumor model. The 3D vascular architecture was characterized by six morphologic parameters: vessel length, vessel radius, microvessel density, length per unit volume, fractional blood volume, and tortuosity. Region-of-interest analysis showed significant differences in the vascular phenotype between the tumor and the contralateral brain, as well as between postinoculation day 12 and day 17 tumors. These results unequivocally show the feasibility of using μMRI to characterize the vascular phenotype of brain tumors. Finally, we show that combining these vascular data with coregistered images acquired with diffusion-weighted MRI provides a new tool for investigating the relationship between angiogenesis and concomitant changes in the brain tumor microenvironment.

scholarly journals ECG-gated dynamic magnetic resonance imaging method for examination of the pig heart

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-284
Author(s):  
Zs. Petrási ◽  
R. Romvári ◽  
G. Bajzik ◽  
B. Fenyves ◽  
I. Repa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Dynamic Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Heart Cycle ◽  
The Right

A dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method was developed for in vivo examination of the pig heart. Measurements were carried out on 15 meat-type pigs of different liveweight using a 1.5 T equipment. Inhalation anaesthesia was applied, then data acquisition was synchronised by ECG gating. Depending on the heart rate and heart size, in each case 8 to 10 slices and in each slice 8 to 14 phases were acquired prospectively according to one heart cycle. During the post-processing of the images the left and the right ventricular volumes were determined. The values measured at 106 kg liveweight are 2.5 times higher than those obtained at 22 kg, while the ejection fractions are equal. The calculated cardiac output values were 3.5 l (22 kg, 132 beats/min.), and 6.0 l (106 kg, 91 beats/min.), respectively. After measuring the wall thickness, the contraction values were also determined for the septum (70%), and for the anterior (61%), posterior (41%) and lateral (54%) walls of the left ventricle. Three-dimensional animated models of the ventricles were constructed. Based on the investigations performed, the preconditioning, the anaesthetic procedure, the specific details of ECG measurement and the correct MR imaging technique were worked out.

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