Turbidity and the Polarized Light Orientation of the Crustacean Mysidium

1958 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD BAINBRIDGE ◽  
TALBOT H. WATERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Polarization Plane ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Significant Preference ◽  
Directional Orientation ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Vertical Beam

1. The influence of the turbidity of the medium on the previously reported directional orientation of the littoral mysid, Mysidium gracile, swimming in a vertical beam of linearly polarized light, has been studied. 2. In carefully clarified sea water the slight preference shown for orientation perpendicular to the polarization plane was not statistically significant. 3. In water made turbid with known amounts of suspended yeast a statistically significant preference for swimming perpendicular to the plane of polarization appeared. 4. This response to the pattern of plarized light illumination appears strontger in highly turbid water than it is in water of moderate turbidity. 5. The mechanism of the observed response seems largely depedent upon discrimination of intensity differences in the light scattered horizontally. 6. These results emphasize the need for careful consideration of the scattering and reflexion artifacts almost invariably present with linearly polarized light.

scholarly journals Constraints on Lorentz Invariance Violation with Multiwavelength Polarized Astrophysical Sources

Galaxies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Qi-Qi Zhou ◽  
Shuang-Xi Yi ◽  
Jun-Jie Wei ◽  
Xue-Feng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Lorentz Invariance ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Polarization Plane ◽  
Polarization Angle ◽  
Intrinsic Polarization ◽  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
Invariance Violation ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Possible violations of Lorentz invariance (LIV) can produce vacuum birefringence, which results in a frequency-dependent rotation of the polarization plane of linearly polarized light from distant sources. In this paper, we try to search for a frequency-dependent change of the linear polarization angle arising from vacuum birefringence in the spectropolarimetric data of astrophysical sources. We collect five blazars with multiwavelength polarization measurements in different optical bands (UBVRI). Taking into account the observed polarization angle contributions from both the intrinsic polarization angle and the rotation angle induced by LIV, and assuming that the intrinsic polarization angle is an unknown constant, we obtain new constraints on LIV by directly fitting the multiwavelength polarimetric data of the five blazars. Here, we show that the birefringence parameter η quantifying the broken degree of Lorentz invariance is limited to be in the range of −9.63×10−8<η<6.55×10−6 at the 2σ confidence level, which is as good as or represents one order of magnitude improvement over the results previously obtained from ultraviolet/optical polarization observations. Much stronger limits can be obtained by future multiwavelength observations in the gamma-ray energy band.

ROTATIONAL PROPERTIES OF MICRO-SLABS DRIVEN BY LINEARLY-POLARIZED LIGHT

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 375-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIH-LANG LIN ◽  
IRÈNE WANG ◽  
MARC PIERRE ◽  
ISABELLE COLOMBIER ◽  
CHANTAL ANDRAUD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Tweezers ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Polarization Plane ◽  
Light Polarization ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Polarization Anisotropy ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Flat Slabs ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Optical Torque

We study the rotational motion of objects trapped in a focused laser beam (optical tweezers). Micrometer-sized flat slabs are fabricated using two-photon photopolymerization. These objects, trapped by linearly-polarized light, tend to align parallel to the polarization plane. This alignment effect is attributed to the polarization anisotropy resulting from the object shape and we present a simple electromagnetic approach to estimate the resulting optical torque. Micro-rotors of different sizes are studied experimentally. We characterize the behavior of micro-objects when the light polarization is rotated at constant speed. Our theoretical approach gives a good prediction of how the size of micro-objects affects their rotation efficiency.

Optical vortex generator with linearly polarized light illumination

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Peiyu Li ◽  
Yanying Li ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Lixia Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polarized Light ◽  
Vortex Generator ◽  
Optical Vortex ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Linearly Polarized

scholarly journals Research on beam bunching and deflection characteristics of low-power laser under the electromagnetic effect

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 379-386
Author(s):  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Yonghua Lu ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Rui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Polarization Plane ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Power Laser ◽  
Coil Current ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Linearly Polarized

The bunching and deflection characteristics of low-power laser beam were investigated under electromagnetic field. On the basis of the Faraday effect, the cylindrical electromagnetic cavity was designed and implemented in the experiments. Several types of the magneto-optical elements were placed in the electromagnetic cavity individually. In the test of the deflection characteristics of low-power laser, the rotating angle, the polarization plane of linearly polarized light which passed through electromagnetic cavity, was measured by polarization extinction. We focus on the relation between the coil current and the rotating angle. The experimental data show that when the coil current varies in the range of 0–5 A, the rotating angles changed from 0° to 24.1°. Then, a fitting formula about the coil current and the rotating angle was obtained from the experimental data using the least square algorithm. The analysis shows that the rotating angle is proportional to the excitation current and the correlation coefficient is more than 0.9995. In order to study the beam bunching characteristics of low-power laser, the area of the laser facula was measured after the low-power laser passed through the electromagnetic cavity. The experiment data show that the laser facula area changes in a small range and the experimental data meet 3σ criteria.

Study on Far-Field Scatter of Ship Wake for Micro-Bubbles Based on CST

2012 ◽  
Vol 226-228 ◽  
pp. 2042-2045
Author(s):  
Jing Tian ◽  
Hang Chen ◽  
Xiao Xi Qu
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Bubble Radius ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Ship Wake ◽  
Ship Wakes ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Finite Integral ◽  
Scattering Strength

Reliable predictions of ship wakes scattering strength are required for laser radar modeling. In this paper, far-field light scatter of wake bubbles is firstly simulated by CST software and used linearly polarized light at a frequency of 563THz (wavelength 532nm,blue light) as probe light; Analyzed the far-filed radar cross section performance of effect factors such like bubbles radius, absorption coefficient in sea water with the method of finite integral of CST. The experiment result shows scatter strength and depolarization characteristics are great variable on conditions of forward and backward scattering, and affected by the bubble radius and seawater absorption coefficient as well, this method all directions of the scatter strength and depolarization characteristics that also can be get in figures. These results provides important basis for subsequent research.

Efek Circular Dichroism pada Metamaterial Chiral Planar

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Juliasih Partini
Keyword(s):  
Circular Dichroism ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Polarization Plane ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Opposite Polarity ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
The Right ◽  
Circular Dichroïsm ◽  
Chiral Metamaterial

Abstrak – Penelitian ini mengkaji efek circular dichroism pada metamaterial chiral planar. Bidang polarisasi akan terotasi ketika cahaya yang terpolarisasi linear melewati metamaterial chiral planar. Pada efek circular dichroism, cahaya yang terpolarisasi circular putaran kanan dan putaran kiri akan mempunyai perbedaan absorpsi dalam interaksinya dengan partikel penyusun metamaterial chiral planar. Spektrum eliptisitas metamaterial chiral planar menunjukkan eliptisitas bahan yang bernilai positif untuk sampel putar kanan dan bernilai negatif untuk sampel putar kiri. Nilai eliptisitas diperoleh sebesar maksimal +0,3 dan -0,3 terjadi pada frekuensi 1,29 THz. Eliptisitas maksimum menunjukkan adanya kopling antara foton dengan plasmon permukaan sampel. Polaritas yang berlawanan menunjukkan perbedaan absorbansi antara sampel putar kanan dan sampel putar kiri. Hasil tersebut juga menunjukkan adanya perubahan polarisasi linear pada laser femtosekon menjadi polarisasi eliptik pada  gelombang THz hasil emisi sampel metamaterial chiral planar. Kemampuan metamaterial chiral planar dalam memutar bidang polarisasi dan merubah menjadi polarisasi circular menjadikan bahan ini layak dijadikan alternatif polarisator dalam ranah terahertz.  Kata kunci: metamaterial, circular dichroism, chirality, polarisasi, eliptisitasAbstract – This paper describes the circular dichroism effect on planar chiral metamaterial. When a linearly polarized light passes through the planar chiral metamaterial, its polarization plane will rotate. On the circular dichroism effect, the right and left circulary polarized light will have different absorption due to its interaction with a planar chiral metamaterial. The ellipticity spectrum of a planar chiral metamaterial sample shows a positive ellipticity value for the counter clock-wise sample and a negative value for the clock-wise sample. The maximum ellipticity value is determine as +0,3 and -0,3 at frequency of 1,29 THz. The values show the existence of a coupling between photon and the sample surface plasmon. The opposite polarity indicates that the clock-wise and the counter clock-wise sample have different absorbance. The determined ellipticity value also reveals that the linearly polarized femtosecond laser light has transformed to elliptical polarized THz wave on a planar chiral metamaterial sample emission. The planar chiral metamaterial capability to rotate the polarization plane into circulary polarized wave, makes the material can be considered as an alternative polarizer in terahertz field.  Key words: metamaterial, circular dichroism, chirality, polarization, ellipticity

scholarly journals Polarized Light and the Orientation of Two Marine Crustacea

1957 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-364
Author(s):  
RICHARD BAINBRIDGE ◽  
TALBOT H. WATERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Polarized Light ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Visual Contact ◽  
General Direction ◽  
Terrestrial Arthropods ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Vertical Beam ◽  
Celestial Compass ◽  
The Mean

1. Quantitative experiments are described, designed to test the hypothesis that underwater polarized light is used for orientation by aquatic animals as that of the blue sky is by terrestrial arthropods. 2. Studied in the laboratory the littoral mysid, mysidium gracile, was found capable of orientation relative to the e vector in a vertical beam of linearly polarized light. 3. Statistically significant preference was shown by this animal for aligning its longitudinal axis at right angles to the plane of polarization. 4. A secondary slight preference was shown for swimming parallel with the plane and the degree of random orientation was often high (4% mean). 5. The littoral prawn, Palaemon northropi, when released in quiet water far enough from the bottom and the shore to prevent visual contact, was found to swim on relatively straight horizontal courses for appreciable distances in forty-one out of sixty-one tests. 6. The mean length of these runs was 24.5 m., the maximum 119 m. ; swimming velocities up to about 1 km./hr. were measured. 7. The sun's position seems to be the only directional clue not controlled in these tests, and the general direction of the runs is significantly correlated with the direction of the sun, being at right anglea to it. 8. It is thus concluded that this animar can use the sun, either directly or through the polarization pattern, as a celestial compass.

scholarly journals Metasurface of Combined Semicircular Rings with Orthogonal Slit Pairs for Generation of Dual Vector Beams

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1718
Author(s):  
Qian Kong ◽  
Manna Gu ◽  
Xiangyu Zeng ◽  
Rui Sun ◽  
Yuqin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Finite Difference Time Domain ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Orientation Angle ◽  
Fdtd Simulation ◽  
Dual Vector ◽  
Vector Beams ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Difference Time

Manipulation of multichannel vector beams (VBs) with metasurfaces is an important topic and holds potential applications in information technology. In this paper, we propose a novel metasurface for the generation of dual VBs, which is composed of orthogonal slit pairs arranged on multiple groups of combined semicircular rings (CSRs). A group of CSRs include a right-shifted set and a left-shifted set of semicircular rings, and each set of semicircular rings has two halves of circles with different radii, sharing the same shifted center. Under the illumination of linearly polarized light, the two shifted sets of semicircular rings generate the two VBs at the shifted center positions on the observation plane. The slit units of each set are designed with independent rotation order and initial orientation angle. By adjusting the linear polarization of illumination, both two VBs with their orders and polarization states are independently controlled simultaneously. The principle and design are demonstrated by the finite-difference time domain (FDTD) simulation. The work is of significance for miniatured devices of VB generators and for related applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document