Functional and behavioural modelling for dependability in automated production systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 216 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Dangoumau ◽  
A K A Toguyeni ◽  
E Craye
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Critical Problem ◽  
Behavioural Modelling ◽  
Automated Production ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The One ◽  
Management Functions ◽  
Alarm Processing

Within the exploitation of the automated production systems (APS) framework, supervision and monitoring take the dependability into account. In order to reach these objectives, a method is being developed at the Laboratoire d'Automatique et d'Informatique Industrielle de Lille in a supervision and monitoring framework. The main functions are detection, diagnosis, modes management and faults recovery. This paper focuses on two kinds of modelling: functional modelling and behavioural modelling. On the one hand, these models are used to implement the diagnosis and the modes management functions. On the other hand, the complementarity of these models enables them to be used within the alarm processing system framework. Indeed, the design of intelligent alarm processing systems (IAPS) is a critical problem. One common problem is the number of alarms that operators have to manage. This paper focuses on the problem of the management of avalanches of alarms after the occurrence of failures in a complex process. To deal with this problem, different types of alarm are defined from the functional and behavioural modelling of the process to be surveyed. Filtering rules, based on the concepts of validation and inhibition, are also proposed.

scholarly journals Sustainable enterprise development: dualism of conceptual approaches

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Sliusareva ◽  
Valery Zhmailov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Ecological Economic ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Management Functions

The author 's approach to the formation of the definition of enterprise sustainable development is offered on the basis of generalization of existing approaches to its interpretation in the domestic scientific literature in the article. The need to improve the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the subject of study is due to differences in the scientific environment of common approaches to its interpretation. It is determined that the enterprise sustainable development should be formed in the environment, taking into account two essential principles: the formation of a balanced relationship in the triad of economy, ecology and social sphere, which means the optimal use in the interests of man and nature of the resources provided by economic development; solving production problems, based on the introduction of responsible innovations related to development not only at the present stage, but also taking into account the interests of future generations. The connection of economic, social and ecological components is described within the framework of socio-ecological-economic triad in the system of sustainable development. The authors consider the sustainable development of the enterprise as a systemic and complex process of strategic transformation of the business entity, which includes a system of socio-environmental values and is based on the introduction of responsible innovations under the influence of the competitive environment and external factors. It is determined that the management of the enterprise should make every effort, use all management functions in order to influence all potential stakeholders in order to create a sustainable environment for their activities. There is some contradiction in this, because, on the one hand, sustainable development can be a competitive advantage that will distinguish the producer from others, and on the other - constant demand must form an adequate consumer market, and this will lead to changing living conditions and new players on the market. Key words: sustainable development of the enterprise, socio-ecological-economic triad, responsible innovations, competitiveness of the enterprise.

scholarly journals Lysyl Oxidase Mechanisms to Mediate Gastrointestinal Cancer Progression

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ahmadshah Farhat ◽  
Gordon A. Ferns ◽  
Korosh Ashrafi ◽  
Mohammad-Hassan Arjmand
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Lysyl Oxidase ◽  
Ecm Remodeling ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Fibrotic Diseases ◽  
Gi Cancers ◽  
Improvement In Survival

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Malignancy is a complex process resulting from different changes such as extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and stiffness. One of the important enzymes that contribute to ECM remodeling is lysyl oxidase (Lox) that is overexpressed in different types of human cancers. Because of the high prevalence and poor survival of gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies in this review, we discuss the association between Lox activity and the progression of GI cancers. Lox proteins are a group of extracellular enzymes that catalyzed the cross-linking of collagen and elastin, so they have important roles in the control of structure and homeostasis of ECM. Abnormal activation and expression of the Lox family of proteins lead to changes in the ECM toward increased rigidity and fibrosis. Stiffness of ECM can contribute to the pathogenesis of cancers. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Dysregulation of Lox expression is a factor in both fibrotic diseases and cancer. ECM stiffness by Lox overactivity creates a physical barrier against intratumoral concentration of chemotherapeutic drugs and facilitates cancer inflammation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. <b><i>Key Message:</i></b> Because of the roles of Lox in GI cancers, development targeting Lox protein isotypes may be an appropriate strategy for treatment of GI cancers and improvement in survival of patients.

scholarly journals A Bird’s-Eye View of Cell Sources for Cell-Based Therapies in Blood Cancers

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1333
Author(s):  
Benjamin Motais ◽  
Sandra Charvátová ◽  
Matouš Hrdinka ◽  
Michal Šimíček ◽  
Tomáš Jelínek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptors ◽  
Blood Cancer ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Cell Source ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cell Sources ◽  
The One ◽  
Initial Results

Hematological malignancies comprise over a hundred different types of cancers and account for around 6.5% of all cancers. Despite the significant improvements in diagnosis and treatment, many of those cancers remain incurable. In recent years, cancer cell-based therapy has become a promising approach to treat those incurable hematological malignancies with striking results in different clinical trials. The most investigated, and the one that has advanced the most, is the cell-based therapy with T lymphocytes modified with chimeric antigen receptors. Those promising initial results prepared the ground to explore other cell-based therapies to treat patients with blood cancer. In this review, we want to provide an overview of the different types of cell-based therapies in blood cancer, describing them according to the cell source.

Plausibility and Aesthetic Interpretation

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Dutton
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inquiry Science ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Logical Structures ◽  
The One

If a catalogue were made of terms commonly used to affirm the adequacy of critical interpretations of works of art, one word certain to be included would be “plausible.” Yet this term is one which has received precious little attention in the literature of aesthetics. This is odd, inasmuch as I find the notion of plausibility central to an understanding of the nature of criticism. “Plausible” is a perplexing term because it can have radically different meanings depending on the circumstances of its employment. ln the following discussion, I will make some observations about the logic of this concept in connection with its uses in two rather different contexts: the context of scientific inquiry on the one hand, and that of aesthetic interpretation on the other. In distinguishing separate senses of “plausible,” I shall provide reason to resist the temptation to imagine that because logical aspects of two different types of inquiry—science and criticism—happen to be designated by the same term, they may to that extent be considered to have similar logical structures.

Responsive Production Systems and Roles that Robots can Play

2009 ◽  
Vol 62-64 ◽  
pp. 275-292
Author(s):  
R.H. Weston
Keyword(s):  
Building Block ◽  
Production System ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Useful Lifetime

With increased product dynamics world-wide, the average economic lifetime of production systems is falling. Industrial robots are widely assumed to be inherently flexible and therefore that they can function as a programmable building block of response production systems. This paper reviews common capabilities of contemporary industrial robotic systems and investigates their capability to extend the useful lifetime of production system by coping with different types of product dynamic. Also considered are relative capabilities of conventional programmable robots and an emerging generation of programmable and configurable component-based machines.

Fluid turbulence simulations of divertor heat load for ITER hybrid scenario using BOUT++

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueyun Wang ◽  
Xueqiao Xu ◽  
Philip B Snyder ◽  
Zeyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Type I ◽  
Fluid Turbulence ◽  
Drift Model ◽  
Steady State Operation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The One

Abstract The BOUT++ six-field turbulence code is used to simulate the ITER 11.5MA hybrid scenario and a brief comparison is made among ITER baseline, hybrid and steady-state operation (SSO) scenarios. Peeling-ballooning instabilities with different toroidal mode numbers dominate in different scenarios and consequently yield different types of ELMs. The energy loss fractions (ΔWped/Wped) caused by unmitigated ELMs in the baseline and hybrid scenarios are large (~2%) while the one in the SSO scenario is dramatically smaller (~1%), which are consistent with the features of type-I ELMs and grassy ELMs respectively. The intra ELM divertor heat flux width in the three scenarios given by the simulations is larger than the estimations for inter ELM phase based on Goldston’s heuristic drift model. The toroidal gap edge melting limit of tungsten monoblocks of divertor targets imposes constraints on ELM energy loss, giving that the ELM energy loss fraction should be smaller than 0.4%, 1.0%, and 1.2% for ITER baseline, hybrid and SSO scenarios, correspondingly. The simulation shows that only the SSO scenario with grassy ELMs may satisfy the constraint.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Handheld Gluten Detection Device

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 1723-1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVE L. TAYLOR ◽  
JULIE A. NORDLEE ◽  
SHYAMALI JAYASENA ◽  
JOSEPH L. BAUMERT
Keyword(s):  
Ice Cream ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Specific Enzyme ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Food Matrices ◽  
The One ◽  
Addition Level ◽  
Positive Results

ABSTRACT A portable, handheld gluten detection device, the Nima sensor, is now available for consumers wishing to determine if gluten is present in food. By U.S. regulation, gluten-free foods should contain &lt;20 ppm of gluten. Thirteen gluten-free foods (muffins, three different types of bread, three different types of pasta, puffed corn snack, ice cream, meatballs, vinegar and oil salad dressing, oatmeal, and dark chocolate) were prepared; each food was spiked on a weight to weight basis with gluten levels of 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 100 ppm before processing or preparation. Unprocessed and processed foods were tested with the handheld gluten sensor and by two gluten-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) on the basis of the R5 and G12 monoclonal antibodies, respectively. The portable gluten detection device detected gluten in all food types at the 30-ppm addition level, failing to detect gluten in only 5 (6.4%) of 78 subsamples. At the 20-ppm addition level, the portable gluten detection device failed to detect gluten in one type of pasta but detected gluten residues in 63 (87.5%) of 72 other subsamples. The device was able to detect gluten at the 10-ppm addition level in 9 of the 13 food matrices (41 of 54 subsamples, 75.9%) but not in the three types of pasta and the puffed corn snack. The gluten-sensing device did not perform reliably at the 5-ppm addition level in 11 of 13 food matrices (exceptions: ice cream and muffins). In contrast, the ELISA methods were highly reliable at gluten addition levels of ≥10 ppm in all food matrices. The portable gluten detection device yielded a low percentage of false-positive results (4 of 111, 3.6%) in these food matrices. Thus, this handheld portable gluten sensor performed reliably in the detection of gluten in foods having ≥20 ppm of added gluten with only 18 (5.9%) of 306 failures, if results of the one type of pasta are excluded. The device worked with greater reliability as the gluten levels in the foods increased.

scholarly journals The genetics of amelogenesis imperfecta: a review of the literature

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Leme Godoy dos Santos ◽  
Sergio Roberto Peres Line
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Enamel Formation ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Kallikrein 4

A melogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of inherited defects of dental enamel formation that show both clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Enamel findings in AI are highly variable, ranging from deficient enamel formation to defects in the mineral and protein content. Enamel formation requires the expression of multiple genes that transcribes matrix proteins and proteinases needed to control the complex process of crystal growth and mineralization. The AI phenotypes depend on the specific gene involved, the location and type of mutation, and the corresponding putative change at the protein level. Different inheritance patterns such as X-linked, autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive types have been reported. Mutations in the amelogenin, enamelin, and kallikrein-4 genes have been demonstrated to result in different types of AI and a number of other genes critical to enamel formation have been identified and proposed as candidates for AI. The aim of this article was to present an evaluation of the literature regarding role of proteins and proteinases important to enamel formation and mutation associated with AI.

scholarly journals Enhancement and assessment of students’ systems thinking skills by application of systemic synthesis questions in the organic chemistry course

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
pp. 1455-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Hrin ◽  
Dusica Milenkovic ◽  
Mirjana Segedinac ◽  
Sasa Horvat
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Higher Order Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
School Students ◽  
Complex Dimension ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Teaching Learning

Many studies in the field of science education have emphasized the fact that systems thinking is a very important higher-order thinking skill which should be fostered during classes. However, more attention has been dedicated to the different ways of systems thinking skills assessment, and less to their enhancement. Taking this into consideration, the goal of our study was not only to validate secondary school students? systems thinking skills, but also to help students in the complex process of their development. With this goal, new instructional and assessment tools - systemic synthesis questions [SSynQs], were constructed, and an experiment with one experimental (E) and one control (C) group was conducted during organic chemistry classes. Namely, the instructional teaching/learning method for both E and C groups was the same in processing the new contents, but different on classes for the revision of the selected organic chemistry contents. The results showed that students exposed to the new instructional method (E group) achieved higher performance scores on three different types of systems thinking than students from the C group, who were taught by the traditional method. The greatest difference between the groups was found in the most complex dimension of systems thinking construct - in the II level of procedural systems thinking. Along with this dimension, structural systems thinking and I level of procedural systems thinking were also observed.

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