Integrated modelling of internal combustion engine intake and exhaust systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 215 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Chiavola
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Integrated Modelling ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Exhaust Systems

This paper presents a new method to analyse the unsteady gas flow in both intake and exhaust systems of internal combustion engines. Such a method is based on the simultaneous use of a one-dimensional model applied to describe the phenomena in ducts, together with a lumped parameter scheme to investigate the cylinder or other volume behaviour, coupled with a three-dimensional model, able to guarantee detailed information on flow behaviour in complex geometry, retaining the advantages of all methods, accuracy as well as fast processing and high flow pattern resolution. The description of the one-dimensional model developed with an example of its application is presented. The integrated approach with the coupling procedure is then described. Finally the results of a multicylinder exhaust system simulation are illustrated.

Keeping twin turbocharged engine power at flight altitudes

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 906-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Khodaparast ◽  
Mohsen Agha Seyed Mirza Bozorg ◽  
Saeid Kheradmand
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
Different Altitudes ◽  
Engine Power

Purpose The purpose of this paper is the selection and arrangement of turbochargers set for internal combustion engine which could keep engine power in an altitude of up to 12.2 km above sea level. Design/methodology/approach In the current research, the target engine, a one-dimensional four-stroke 1,600 cc piston engine has been simulated and the manufacturer’ results have been validated. Depending on engine size, three proper types of Garret turbochargers GT30, GT25 and GT20 were selected for this engine. Then, the engine and a combination of two turbochargers have been modeled one-dimensionally. A control system was used for regulation of different pressure ratios between the two turbochargers. Findings The parametric analysis shows that using the combination of GT20, GT30 turbochargers with a properly controlled pressure ratio leads to a constant output power with little changes at different altitudes which enable achieving an altitude of 12.2 km for the target engine. Practical implications Adaptation of the internal combustion engine with a twin turbocharger using one-dimensional modeling. Originality/value The one-dimensional analysis provided an overall picture of the effective performance of turbochargers functioning in different altitudes and loads. It presents a new method for adopting of turbochargers set with internal combustion engines for propulsion medium-altitude aircraft.

scholarly journals Study of Unsteady Airflow in Muffler and Air Box Equivalent Geometries

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas-Ivan Hatat ◽  
François Lormier ◽  
David Chalet ◽  
Pascal Chesse
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
1D Modeling ◽  
Air Intake ◽  
And Performance

The Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) are inherently sources of the flow’s unsteadiness in the intake and exhaust ducts. Unsteady flow has a direct impact on the engine’s behavior and performance by influencing the filling and emptying of the cylinder. Air intake boxes as well as muffler geometries, which are very commonly used on the two-wheeled vehicles, have an impact on pressure levels and so, on air filling and performances levels. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze different typical geometries of these elements (air box and muffler) by comparing the test bench results with those obtained by 3D and 1D calculations. In this way, it is possible to establish a methodology for modeling the air box and muffler based on experimental tests and the development of 3D and then 1D model. In a beginning, studies consist in describing the geometry of the air box and muffler using a combination of tubes and simple volumes. During one-dimensional simulations, the gases properties in a volume must be calculated taking into account a method of filling and emptying. Under transient conditions, the pipe element is considered essentially as one-dimensional. The gas dynamic is described by a system of equations: the equations of continuity, momentum and energy. In the three-dimensional case, all tubes and volumes are meshed and solved using various physical models, equations and hypotheses that will be detailed subsequently. The study is performed on a shock tube bench. One of the main points is that this type of experimental test allows to test easily different pressure ratios, different geometries and to measure direct and inverse flow. In this way, the propagation of a shock wave is studied in our different geometries and is compared to the pressure signals obtained with 1D and 3D simulations. Once the 1D modeling is obtained, it must be validated in order to be applied in a simulation for Internal Combustion Engine. Validation will be done by direct comparison of results at each stage to ensure that the models and assumptions used in the calculations are correct.

A Constant-Pressure Model for the Overlap of Chambers in Rotary Internal Combustion Engines

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezequiel J. López ◽  
Carlos A. Wild Cañón ◽  
Sofía S. Sarraf
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Rotary Engines ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Reliable Solution

In this work, a constant-pressure model capable to simulate the overlap of chambers in rotary internal combustion engines is proposed. It refers as a chamber overlap when two adjacent chambers are in communication through the same port, which could occur in some rotary internal combustion engines. The proposed model is thermodynamic (or zero-dimensional (0D)) in nature and is designed for application in engine simulators that combine one-dimensional (1D) gasdynamic models with thermodynamic ones. Since the equations of the proposed model depend on the flow direction and on the flow regime, a robust and reliable solution strategy is developed. The model is assessed using a two-dimensional (2D) problem and is applied in the simulation of a rotary internal combustion engine. Results for this last problem are compared with other common approaches used in the simulation of rotary engines, showing the importance of effects such as the interaction between overlapping chambers and the dynamics of the flow.

About a New Conception of Internal Combustion Engine Construction: I—Rotary Engines

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wieslaw J. Oledzki
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Patent Application ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Rotary Engine ◽  
Rotary Engines

In the paper I present a new construction of positive displacement internal combustion engines (US patent application 12/218,959, PL patent application PL 385 728). The construction is based on some newly invented mechanisms, the most compact and robust ones in existence, and is particularly suitable for coping with high loads. The construction is intended for high power density Diesel engines (particularly special purpose, e.g. military ones), homogeneous charge compression ignition and detonation engines. The presented conception promises substantial improvement of such important engine parameters as swept volume/total volume, power/total volume and power/weight ratio, without increasing specific loads and thus without sacrificing engine’s strength and reliability. Moreover, there exists a large variety of engine’s configurations within the proposed conception, namely oscillating engines and rotary engines utilizing flat or spatial mechanisms that can be combined with considerable variety of scavenging systems, ignition systems etc. Engines of the proposed structure (including rotary ones) have sealing almost as simple, tight and reliable as conventional ones and much simpler, tighter and much more reliable than conventional (Wankel) rotary engines. Besides the exceptional strength and compactness, the most outstanding features of the engines according to the presented invention are their gas turbines-like qualities. For example, rotary engine of the presented invention can produce 6 power strokes per shaft revolution (thus displaying V12 engine smoothness) while having only 3 major moving parts of extraordinarily strong structure. Moreover, the engine scavenging system makes the gas flow almost as smooth as (and similar to) that to be found in gas turbines. The first part of the paper concerns exclusively rotary engines and discussion of oscillating ones is postponed to the second part. The paper also touches upon the method for balancing the proposed rotary engines as well as an analogous problem of balancing my oscillating engines presented in the second part of the paper.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE QUALITY OF RAPID ENGINE BREAK-IN BY CHANGING THE CRANKCASE GAS FLOW RATE, OIL PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
М.А. Karpenko ◽  
◽  
G.V. Karpenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Lubrication System ◽  
General Internal ◽  
Repair Costs ◽  
Engine Testing

he effectiveness of the additive for running-in. In addition, in the process of engine break-in there is a decrease in oil pressure. Reducing the rate of pressure drop and oil temperature in the engine lubrication system characterizes the quality of run-in. The use of various oils with pre-processing compositions containing surface-active agents (SAA) and chemically active substances (CAS), accelerate the process of break-in and improve its quality and reduce repair costs in general. Internal combustion engines of the UMZ-421 brand were studied, speed run-in of which was carried out at the run-in section of OJSC «Ulyanovsk automobile repair plant № 2» and in the internal combustion engine testing laboratory of the Ulyanovsk SAU. It is established that the efficiency of additives and oils in relation to M-8-B oil is distributed as follows during speed-up run-in: ОМД-8; М-8-В SINTEC + 3 % ВАРКС; М-8-В SINTEC + 2 % ОГМ-3 respectively in 3,52; 3,25; 3,07 times. According to the results of the research, it was concluded that the use of fast run-in on various pre-production compositions M-8-in SINTEC (GOST 17479.1- 85) + 2 % OGM-3; M-8 - in SINTEC (GOST 17479.1-85) + 3% VARS; OMD-8 reduces the volume of crankcase gases released up to 3.5 times, reduces the pressure drop in the engine lubrication system during fast run-in from 2.38 times to 1.17 times. Also, the oil temperature in the engine lubrication system decreases at the end of hot running under load by 1.15 times, from 433 K to 376 K. These studies confirm the assumption that the use of rolling oils with additives to accelerate running-in of rubbing surfaces has a positive effect not only on the alignment of the cylinder group, but also other critical friction pairs of the engine UMZ -421.

scholarly journals Laminar Burning Velocity of Biogas-Containing Mixtures. A Literature Review

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 996
Author(s):  
Venera Giurcan ◽  
Codina Movileanu ◽  
Adina Magdalena Musuc ◽  
Maria Mitu
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Burning Velocity ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Laminar Burning Velocity ◽  
Waste Products

Currently, the use of fossil fuels is very high and existing nature reserves are rapidly depleted. Therefore, researchers are turning their attention to find renewable fuels that have a low impact on the environment, to replace these fossil fuels. Biogas is a low-cost alternative, sustainable, renewable fuel existing worldwide. It can be produced by decomposition of vegetation or waste products of human and animal biological activity. This process is performed by microorganisms (such as methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria) by anaerobic digestion. Biogas can serve as a basis for heat and electricity production used for domestic heating and cooking. It can be also used to feed internal combustion engines, gas turbines, fuel cells, or cogeneration systems. In this paper, a comprehensive literature study regarding the laminar burning velocity of biogas-containing mixtures is presented. This study aims to characterize the use of biogas as IC (internal combustion) engine fuel, and to develop efficient safety recommendations and to predict and reduce the risk of fires and accidental explosions caused by biogas.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF A HOLISTIC APPROACH OF HYDROGEN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE (HICE) BUSSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 477-486
Author(s):  
Vahid Douzloo Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Driving Mode ◽  
Cell Technology ◽  
Fuel Cell Technology ◽  
Hydrogen Supply

AbstractHydrogen is a promising fuel to fulfil climate goals and future legislation requirements due to its carbon-free property. Especially hydrogen fueled buses and heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) strongly move into the foreground. In contrast to the hydrogen-based fuel cell technology, which is already in commercial use, vehicles with hydrogen internal combustion engines (H2-ICE) are also a currently pursued field of research, representing a potentially holistic carbon-free drive train. Real applications of H2-ICE vehicles are currently not known but can be expected, since their suitability is put to test in a few insolated projects at this time. This paper provides a literature survey to reflect the current state of H2-ICEs focused on city buses. An extended view to HDVs and fuel cell technology allows to recognize trends in hydrogen transport sector, to identify further research potential and to derive useful conclusion. In addition, within this paper we apply green MAGIC as a holistic approach and discuss Well-to-Tank green hydrogen supply in relation to a H2-ICE city bus. Building on that, we introduce the upcoming Hydrogen-bus project, where tests of H2-ICE buses in real driving mode are foreseen to investigate Tank-to-Wheel.

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