Elevated Temperature Yield and 0·2 per cent Proof Stress Properties of Carbon Steel Plates, with Particular Reference to the Values Specified in B.S. 1501: 1964

1965 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 803-817
Author(s):  
J. Glen ◽  
R. F. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
Proof Stress ◽  
Testing Technique

The results of some 5000 elevated temperature yield or proof stress tests on steels conforming to the new series of B.S. 1501 carbon steel plate specifications are reported. The data are discussed in relation to the levels of yield and proof stress specified in B.S. 1501: 1964 and the various factors causing variations in the elevated temperature properties are outlined. The effect of differences in testing technique and in methods of deriving ‘guaranteed’ properties (i.e. minimum values which the steel in question will always meet) are considered in relation to the draft International Boiler Code and it is suggested that discrepancies in design thicknesses of approximately 10 per cent can arise owing to these differences.

Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation of Stress Corrosion Crack in Welded Steel Plate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoyun Ma ◽  
Lingyu Yu ◽  
Poh-Sang Lam ◽  
Robert L. Sindelar ◽  
Andrew J. Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Crack Length ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducer ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Wave System ◽  
Welded Steel

Abstract Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) has been observed in the high-level nuclear waste tanks that were constructed by welding carbon steel plates. This paper aims to establish an ultrasonic inspection system and its fundamental ability for SCC inspection and quantification on thick welded steel plates. A welded steel plate was fabricated without heat treatment by joining two carbon steel plates through gas metal arc welding (GMAW) procedure. SCC growth, which was initiated with starter cracks across the weld, were observed in a few weeks after submerging the plate in 5 molar (5M) sodium nitrate (NaNO3) solution at about 90 °C. The SCC is inspected with an ultrasonic guided wave system, which employs a piezoelectric transducer for guided wave actuation and a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (SLDV) for wavefield sensing. The measured wavefield can immediately show wave interactions with the crack. Wavefield images are further generated for the crack length quantification. To demonstrate the crack sizing capability of using the piezoelectric transducer and SLDV, the previous results from the magnetic particle test (MT) are compared. Reasonable agreement in crack length measurement is obtained with the ultrasonic test imaging technique.

scholarly journals The Effect Of Heating Temperature On The Hardness, Microstructure And V-Bending Spring Back Results On Commercial Steel Plate

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Asep Ruchiyat ◽  
Muh Anhar ◽  
Yusuf Yusuf ◽  
Betti Ses Eka Polonia
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Spring Back ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Back Angle

The need for low carbon steel plate sheets with relatively thin thickness measurements in Indonesia is currently quite high, especially in supporting the automotive industry, the electronics industry, the food industry, beverages, and household appliances. To fulfill this, raw materials for low carbon steel plate sheets that have high formability and are not easily cracked in critical areas of the desired model are required. For this reason, research on the effect of temperature variations in heat treatment on hardness, microstructure and spring back of V-bending results on steel plates with a plate thickness of 0.8 mm. The research method used was a laboratory experimental method. The heat treatment is carried out with temperature variations of 710, 820 and 9300C with a holding time of 60 minutes. Tests carried out on specimens are hardness testing, microstructure testing, and spring back V-bending results on steel plates. The results of this study indicate a decrease in the spring back angle where the smallest spring back angle in the bending process is on the 9300C plate which is 1,040. The value of the hardness results from V-bending has increased significantly. The increase in the value of hardness because the plate has an atom shift or dislocation by shear stress (slip) due to plastic deformation on the plate. The highest hardness value is on the 7100C plate which is 154.67 HV or has an increase of 14,291% of the pre-bending plate. The lowest hardness value is on the 9300C plate which is 125.33 HV, its hardness increases 4.4% against the pre-bending plate. Heat treatment also causes changes in the microstructure of the plates from the process of regulation and reshaping of crystals to the growth of new grains which have implications for changes in mechanical properties and formability of the workpiece.

Effects of Cathodic Protection and Coating on the Corrosion Rate of Carbon Steel in Stagnant and Flowing Freshwater

2013 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 219-226
Author(s):  
Abdelsalam Ahdash ◽  
Esah Hamzah ◽  
Ali Ourdjini ◽  
Siti Rahmah Shamsuri
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
The Other ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Coated Steel ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Bare Steel ◽  
Protection Layer ◽  
Impressed Current

The protection of carbon steel in freshwater media has been examined via two techniques (Impressed current cathodic and coating). This paper shows the reduction of corrosion rates under different conditions. Experimental tests were carried out for two types of steel (bared, coated) and with ICCP/without ICCP in stagnant and flowing freshwater. The results showed there was a variation in the values of potential according to the formation of the protection layer on the surface of steel plates. Furthermore, this layer showed such an excellent protection for both steels with ICCP in stagnant and flowing freshwater, where the values of potential had decreased from -840mV to -875 mV. However, the values of potential had increased from -702 mV to -630 mV for the coated steel without ICCP. On the other hand, the values of potential slightly fluctuated up to -10 mV for the bare steel without ICCP. The reason behind this increase is attributed to the formation of an oxide layer on the surface of the steel plate.

Study on Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing Technique During Repair of Carbon Steel Plate using CFRP Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
Jung Bin Kim ◽  
Kwang Woon Jung ◽  
Dong chul Choi ◽  
Chang Hun Kim ◽  
Youngman Kim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Ultrasonic Testing ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Testing Technique

scholarly journals Research on Detection Mechanism of Weld Defects of Carbon Steel Plate Based on Orthogonal Axial Eddy Current Probe

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 5515
Author(s):  
Linnan Huang ◽  
Chunhui Liao ◽  
Xiaochun Song ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Eddy Current Testing ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Detection Mechanism ◽  
Current Testing ◽  
Weld Defects ◽  
Lift Off

The uneven surface of the weld seam makes eddy current testing more susceptible to the lift-off effect of the probe. Therefore, the defect of carbon steel plate welds has always been a difficult problem in eddy current testing. This study aimed to design a new type of eddy current orthogonal axial probe and establish the finite element simulation model of the probe. The effect of the probe structure, coil turns, and coil size on the detection sensitivity was simulated. Further, a designed orthogonal axial probe was used to conduct a systematic experiment on the weld of carbon steel specimens, and the 0.2 mm width and 1 mm depth of weld defects of carbon steel plates were effectively detected. The experimental results showed that the new orthogonal axial eddy current probe effectively suppressed the unevenness effect of the weld surface on the lift-off effect during the detection process.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Laser-MIG Hybrid Welding of Thick High-Mn Steel Plate for Cryogenic Tank Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 604
Author(s):  
Du-Song Kim ◽  
Hee-Keun Lee ◽  
Woo-Jae Seong ◽  
Kwang-Hyeon Lee ◽  
Hee-Seon Bang
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Weld Zone ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Hybrid Welding ◽  
Temperature Impact ◽  
Mn Steel

The International Maritime Organization has recently updated the ship emission standards to reduce atmospheric contamination. One technique for reducing emissions involves using liquefied natural gas (LNG). The tanks used for the transport and storage of LNG must have very low thermal expansion and high cryogenic toughness. For excellent cryogenic properties, high-Mn steel with a complete austenitic structure is used to design these tanks. We aim to determine the optimum welding conditions for performing Laser-MIG (Metal Inert Gas) hybrid welding through the MIG leading and laser following processes. A welding speed of 100 cm/min was used for welding a 15 mm thick high-Mn steel plate. The welding performance was evaluated through mechanical property tests (tensile and yield strength, low-temperature impact, hardness) of the welded joints after performing the experiment. As a result, it was confirmed that the tensile strength was slightly less than 818.4 MPa, and the yield strength was 30% higher than base material. The low-temperature impact values were equal to or greater than 58 J at all locations in the weld zone. The hardness test confirmed that the hardness did not exceed 292 HV. The results of this study indicate that it is possible to use laser-MIG hybrid welding on thick high-Mn steel plates.

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