Early Life Determinants of Sedentary Time in Three Birth Cohorts from Pelotas, Brazil

Archival Big Data and the Spanish Flu in Copenhagen

Information Discovery and Delivery ◽

10.1108/idd-11-2020-0142 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Kim Abildgren

Keyword(s):

Big Data ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Early Life ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Content Type ◽

Individual Level ◽

Early Life Exposure ◽

Spanish Flu ◽

One Year

Purpose The Spanish Flu 1918–1920 saw a high degree of excess mortality among young and healthy adults. The purpose of this paper is a further exploration of the hypothesis that high mortality risk during The Spanish Flu in Copenhagen was associated with early life exposure to The Russian Flu 1889–1892. Design/methodology/approach Based on 37,000 individual-level death records in a new unique database from The Copenhagen City Archives combined with approximate cohort-specific population totals interpolated from official censuses of population, the author compiles monthly time series on all-cause mortality rates 1916–1922 in Copenhagen by gender and one-year birth cohorts. The author then analyses birth cohort effects on mortality risk during The Spanish Flu using regression analysis. Findings The author finds support for hypotheses relating early life exposure to The Russian Flu to mortality risk during The Spanish Flu. Some indications of possible gender heterogeneity during the first wave of The Spanish Flu – not found in previous studies – should be a topic for future research based on data from other countries. Originality/value Due to lack of individual-level death records with exact dates of birth and death, previous studies on The Spanish Flu in Denmark and many other countries have relied on data with lower birth cohort resolutions than the one-year birth cohorts used in this study. The analysis in this paper illustrates how archival Big Data can be used to gain new insights in studies on historical pandemics.

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1459Socioeconomic position influence on the early-life individual exposome in the Italian NINFEA birth cohort

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyab168.536 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Costanza Pizzi ◽

Chiara Moccia ◽

Giovenale Moirano ◽

Antonio d'Errico ◽

Milena Maule ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Urban Environment ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Environmental Risk ◽

Early Life ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Environmental Risk Factors ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Exposure Pattern

Abstract Background Early exposure to unhealthy lifestyles and environmental risk factors is known to affect health throughout the life-course. There is also evidence that the exposure patterns are influenced by the socioeconomic position (SEP). Methods We use the data of the Turin participants of the Italian NINFEA birth cohort (n∼2500) to study how family SEP drives the early life exposome. SEP at birth is measured through the EHII (Equivalized Household Income Indicator), while the exposome includes urban environment, diet and lifestyle exposures measured during infancy. We use standard regression models to evaluate the effect of EHII on each exposome variable accounting for multiple comparison and potential confounders (Drivers-Exposome Wide Association Study – DExWAS) and the hierarchical clustering on the principal components approach to identify groups with similar exposure pattern. Results The DExWAS show that low EHII is associated with lower consumption of fruit and vegetables, lower levels of NO2, building and facilities densities, traffic, walkability and connectivity index, higher land-use diversity index, and higher exposure to pets. The hierarchical cluster analysis identifies three groups, with subjects belonging to the cluster characterized by higher level of urban environment risk factors and a healthier diet having a higher mean EHII. Conclusions These SEP-early life exposome analyses will be replicated in several European birth cohorts participating in the H2020 ATHLETE and LifeCycle projects. Key messages In the Italian city of Turin children from low SEP family are exposed to higher levels of environmental risk factors and unhealthy lifestyles during infancy.

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Early-life Predictors of Human Longevity: Analysis of the XIXth Century Birth Cohorts

Annales de Démographie Historique ◽

10.3917/adh.106.0177 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 106 (2) ◽

pp. 177 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Natalia S. Gavrilova ◽

Leonid A. Gavrilov ◽

Galina N. Evdokushkina ◽

Victoria G. Semyonova

Keyword(s):

Early Life ◽

Human Longevity ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Xixth Century

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Building an Early Life Exposome by Integrating Multiple Birth Cohorts: HELIX

Unraveling the Exposome ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-89321-1_15 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 393-404

Author(s):

Martine Vrijheid ◽

Lea Maitre

Keyword(s):

Early Life ◽

Multiple Birth ◽

Birth Cohorts

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Determinants of Influenza Mortality Trends: Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Influenza Mortality in the United States, 1959–2016

Demography ◽

10.1007/s13524-019-00809-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. 1723-1746 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Enrique Acosta ◽

Stacey A. Hallman ◽

Lisa Y. Dillon ◽

Nadine Ouellette ◽

Robert Bourbeau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Influenza Virus ◽

Early Life ◽

Baby Boom ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

The Elderly ◽

The United States ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Early Life Exposure

Abstract This study examines the roles of age, period, and cohort in influenza mortality trends over the years 1959–2016 in the United States. First, we use Lexis surfaces based on Serfling models to highlight influenza mortality patterns as well as to identify lingering effects of early-life exposure to specific influenza virus subtypes (e.g., H1N1, H3N2). Second, we use age-period-cohort (APC) methods to explore APC linear trends and identify changes in the slope of these trends (contrasts). Our analyses reveal a series of breakpoints where the magnitude and direction of birth cohort trends significantly change, mostly corresponding to years in which important antigenic drifts or shifts took place (i.e., 1947, 1957, 1968, and 1978). Whereas child, youth, and adult influenza mortality appear to be influenced by a combination of cohort- and period-specific factors, reflecting the interaction between the antigenic experience of the population and the evolution of the influenza virus itself, mortality patterns of the elderly appear to be molded by broader cohort factors. The latter would reflect the processes of physiological capital improvement in successive birth cohorts through secular changes in early-life conditions. Antigenic imprinting, cohort morbidity phenotype, and other mechanisms that can generate the observed cohort effects, including the baby boom, are discussed.

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The changing contribution of childhood social characteristics to mortality: a comparison of Finnish cohorts born in 1936–50 and 1961–75

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyaa041 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 896-907 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Pekka Martikainen ◽

Irma Elo ◽

Lasse Tarkiainen ◽

Janne Mikkonen ◽

Mikko Myrskylä ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Life ◽

Later Life ◽

Adult Mortality ◽

Family Type ◽

Social Characteristics ◽

Survival Models ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Intraclass Correlations ◽

Life Circumstances ◽

External Causes

Abstract Background Life course epidemiology suggests that early life circumstances affect adult mortality, but most of the evidence is based on cohorts born in the beginning of the 20th century. It remains unclear whether and how the influences of early life circumstances on mortality have changed in later birth cohorts. Methods Analyses rely on 10% register-based samples of households drawn from the 1950 and the 1975 Finnish censuses, with consistent follow-up of socioeconomic and housing-related characteristics and early mid-life mortality (at ages 30–55 years). We estimate survival models for the associations between childhood circumstances and all-cause, internal and external mortality for cohorts born in 1936–50 and 1961–75 adjusting for attained social characteristics. We estimate sibling intraclass correlations as summary measures of all early life and familial influences. Results Adverse childhood social circumstances were typically associated with about 10–30% excess cause-specific mortality. These associations were almost fully attenuated by adjustment for achieved later life social characteristics. Early life influences have grown over time for mortality from external causes, particularly as related to home ownership and family type. Differentials have remained stable for internal causes. The intraclass correlations further confirmed the increasing association of early life circumstances on external-cause mortality. Conclusions Our analyses show that the associations between childhood characteristics and mid-life mortality are substantial and almost fully mediated by achieved adult social characteristics. The increase in the contribution of childhood circumstances to mid-life mortality is driven by ever stronger associations with external causes of death.

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Prenatal and birth predictors of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in three population-based birth cohorts in Brazil

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-57070-x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ding Ding ◽

Gregore I. Mielke ◽

Inacio Crochemore M. Silva ◽

Fernando C. Wehrmeister ◽

Bernardo L. Horta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Population Based ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Objectively Measured Physical Activity

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Associations Between Anthropometric Indicators in Early Life and Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Time in Adolescence

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2019-0527 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (12) ◽

pp. 1213-1221

Author(s):

José Oliveira-Santos ◽

Rute Santos ◽

Carla Moreira ◽

Sandra Abreu ◽

Luís Lopes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Early Life ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Early Years ◽

Anthropometric Data ◽

School Based ◽

Run Test ◽

Shuttle Run

Background: To explore the associations between birth weight and body mass index (BMI) from 6 months to 6 years of age, with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), physical activity, and sedentary time in adolescence. Methods: Retrospective school-based study with 539 adolescents (292 girls), mean age of 13.94 (1.62) years. Anthropometric data from birth up to 6 years were extracted from individual child health booklets. CRF was estimated by 20-m shuttle run test. Physical activity and sedentary time were assessed with accelerometers. Results: Birth weight was not associated with any outcome measured in adolescence. From the age of 6 months onwards in girls, and from 3 years in boys, BMI associated inversely with CRF in adolescence. In girls, BMI (at 12 mo and at 3 y of age) associated positively with sedentary time in adolescence, but not with physical activity. In boys, positive associations between BMI at the ages of 3, 5, and 6 years old and time spent in some intensities of physical activity in adolescence were found. Conclusions: BMI during the early years was negatively associated with CRF in adolescence, in a consistent way, for both genders, but with physical activity and sedentary time the associations were scarce and inconsistent, depending on the gender.

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