scholarly journals Experimental study of the initial stage of oil spread on calm water.

1980 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 417-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
TETSUO AKIYAMA ◽  
TAKAHIRO NISHIOKA ◽  
HIROMI BABA ◽  
SATORU MITSUMORI ◽  
Kozo KOIDE
1983 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 502-507
Author(s):  
TETSUO AKIYAMA ◽  
SATORU MITSUMORI ◽  
TORU TERADA ◽  
KOZO KOIDE

2000 ◽  
Vol 612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daewon Yang ◽  
Jongwon Hong ◽  
Timothy S. Cale

AbstractIn this paper, we describe an experimental study of the nucleation and growth stages during Cu(TMVS)(hfac) sourced Cu CVD on TaN substrates. In particular, we have investigated the effects of water vapor as a co-reactant on evolving surface morphology. The results of short (less than 10 s) depositions without/with water vapor indicate that water vapor helps to reduce the incubation time and to enhance the nuclei formation, uniformity, and adhesion (based on AFM analysis). Introducing water vapor during only the initial stage of deposition results in lower roughnesses, larger grain sizes, and lower short-range roughnesses as compared to the films deposited without water vapor. From this study, we conclude that water vapor enhances Cu nucleation and that a relatively small amount of water vapor before or during the initial stage of deposition improves surface morphology in terms of roughness and grain size.


2013 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Yi Wu

It is a worldwide difficulty to preserve earth monument in wet area. To solve this problem, Physical Chemistry Institute of Zhejiang University in China developed a consolidation agent named RTV (organopolysiloxanes+tetraethylorthosilicate). But the study on this consolidation agent is still in its initial stage at present for most of its experimental researches are limited to east china and no research reports aimed at wet area in southwest China were found so far. To check out the efficiency of this consolidation agent for earth in wet area, southwest China, a consolidating experiment was conducted by applying this consolidation agent to soil samples from kiln Qionglai earthen monuments located in outskirt of Chengdu city, the capital of Sichuan province. In this experiment, the changes of weight, permeating speed and depth and compressive strength of specimens after consolidating were investigated and compared with those for northwest area. The study shows that RTV consolidation agent developed by Physical Chemistry Institute of Zhejiang University is also effective to a certain degree for the earth monument in wet area, southwest China.


2019 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 88-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Begovic ◽  
C. Bertorello ◽  
A. Bove ◽  
F. De Luca

2013 ◽  
Vol 689 ◽  
pp. 368-371
Author(s):  
Wu Yi ◽  
Bing Jiang ◽  
Bin Jia

It is difficult to preserve earth monument in wet area. To solve this problem, a Chinese scholar, professor Zhou Shuanglin, developed a consolidation agent named acrylic non-aqueous dispersion. But the study on this consolidation agent is still in its initial stage, most of its experimental researches are limited to northwest china and no research reports aimed at southwest China wet area were found so far. To check out the efficiency of this consolidation agent in wet area, southwest China, a consolidating experiment was conducted by applying this consolidation agent to soil samples from kiln Qionglai earthen monuments located in outskirt of Chengdu city, the capital of Sichuan province. In this experiment, the changes of color, compressive strength and hydrolysis resistance of specimens after consolidating were investigated and compared with those for northwest area. The study shows that acrylic non-aqueous dispersion consolidation agent developed by professor Zhou Shuanglin is also effective to a certain degree for the earth monument in wet area, southwest China.


2009 ◽  
Vol 1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae-Hyun Kim ◽  
Dae-Hee Kim ◽  
Hwa-Il Seo ◽  
Yeong-Cheol Kim

AbstractWe investigated the reaction of HfCl4 molecules with a H2O terminated Si (001)-2×1 surface using density functional theory to understand the initial stage of atomic layer deposition (ALD) of HfO2. Half monolayer of H2O molecules were adsorbed on the buckled-down Si atoms of the Si dimers of the Si (001)-2×1 surface below the dissociation temperature of H2O and were dissociated into H and OH at room temperature. This process could make uniform and well-aligned −H and −OH’s on the Si (001) substrate. The reaction of a HfCl4 molecule was more favorable with -OH than -H. The reaction of the HfCl4 molecule with the -OH generated a HCl molecule, and the remaining HfCl3 was attached to the O atom. The first reaction of the HfCl4 molecule with −OH produced 0.21 eV energy benefit. The reaction of the second HfCl4 molecule with the most adjacent −OH of the first one produced 0.28 eV energy benefit. The third and fourth molecules showed same tendency with the first and second ones. The energy differences of the fifth and sixth HfCl4 reactions were -0.01 eV, 0.06 eV, respectively. Therefore, we found that the saturation Hf coverage was approximately 5/8 of the available −OH's, which was 2.08 × 1014 Hf/cm2. The result was well-matched with the experimental study of other group.


Author(s):  
Diyana Georgieva ◽  
Gencho Valchev

The main core of activity in organized preschool education is the formation of dialogic competence, due to the key position it occupies in the initial stage of speech development in children. The article is devoted to an experimental study aimed at establishing the level of dialogic competence development in preschool children with general speech underdevelopment. Participants in the experiment were 16 children (9 girls and 7 boys) aged 4 to 7 years, trained in educational structures for social support. The obtained results showed that the low level of dialogic competence is the main dominant in the current empirical research.


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