Informational educational space basic graphic training

Актуальность статьи обусловлена проблемами организации базовой геометро-графической подготовки на фоне информатизации образования и интенсивного внедрения в высокотехнологичное производство передовых наукоёмких компьютерных технологий. Цель статьи заключается в обосновании модели организации информационного образовательного пространства базовой геометро-графической подготовки специалистов в области техники и технологий в технических вузах контексте наукоёмких компьютерных технологий. С учетом имеющегося опыта мирового и отечественного профессионального образования, направлений системной интеграции образовательных структур с целью обеспечения целостности и системности проектно-конструкторской деятельности выпускников вузов в высокотехнологичных наукоёмких отраслях производства предложенаавторская трактовка модели содержания и дидактической организации информационного образовательного пространства базовой геометро-графической подготовки. Представлены результаты опыта реализации модели по мере ее совершенствования для проектно-конструкторской деятельности в среде наукоёмких компьютерных технологий. Статья предназначена для обсуждения научно-педагогическим сообществом. The relevance of the article is due to the problems of organizing basic geometric and graphic training against the background of informatization of education and intensive introduction of advanced high-tech computer technologies into high-tech production. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the model of the organization of the information educational space of the basic geometric and graphic training of specialists in the field of engineering and technology in technical universities in the context of high-tech computer technologies. Taking into account the existing experience of world and domestic professional education, the directions of system integration of educational structures in order to ensure the integrity and consistency of the design activities of university graduates in high-tech knowledge-intensive industries, the author's interpretation of the content model and didactic organization of the information educational space of basic geometric and graphic training is proposed. The results of the experience of implementing the model as it is improved for design activities in the environment of high-tech computer technologies are presented. The article is intended for discussion by the scientific and pedagogical community.

Piloting a full-year, optics-based high school course on quantum computing

Quantum computing was once regarded as a mere theoretical possibility, but recent advances in engineering and materials science have brought practical quantum computers closer to reality. Currently, representatives from industry, academia, and governments across the world are working to build the educational structures needed to produce the quantum workforce of the future. Less attention has been paid to growing quantum computing capacity at the high school level. This article details work at The University of Texas at Austin to develop and pilot the first full-year high school quantum computing class. Over the course of two years, researchers and practitioners involved with the project learned several pedagogical and practical lessons that can be helpful for quantum computing course design and implementation at the secondary level. In particular, we find that the use of classical optics provides a clear and accessible avenue for representing quantum states and gate operators and facilitates both learning and the transfer of knowledge to other Science, Technology, and Engineering (STEM) skills. Furthermore, students found that exploring quantum optical phenomena prior to the introduction of mathematical models helped in the understanding and mastery of the material.

ENVIRONMENTAL TENDENCIES FOR THE ARCHITECTURE FORMATION OF MODERN EXHIBITION AND EDUCATIONAL STRUCTURES

The ecological tendencies of forming of architecture of modern exhibition and educational buildings for revealing of ways of creation of ecological design decisions of this type of structures and expedient use of leading principles of eco-design of interior spaces are highlighted. The analysis of architectural decisions of existing ecological exhibition and educational institutions is carried out. It is revealed that the main task in designing buildings of this type is to ensure speed, ease and accessibility of human perception of information to initiate the process of thinking, analyzing and invoking positive feelings, as well as ensuring the predicted impact of contemporary art on the subconscious, while creating eco-safety of visitors and environment. This is achieved through the rational design of the building's multifunctionality, the use of environmentally friendly materials for construction and decoration, energy conservation, the use of alternative sources of energy, energy-saving and advanced technologies, environmental waste management, efficient use of natural lighting, design and phyto design, the location of the building on the site, to create an unbroken connection between the interior and exterior space, etc.

Teaching scientific method to primary school pupils by using the example of adaptation of secondarily aquatic animals to the marine environment

Science classes in public schools are usually strictly linked to several subjects and taught by reference to the reading-listening model. Non-formal educational institutions and events such as ‘children universities’ and science fairs (and to some degree also some private schools) implement elements of interdisciplinary teaching of science and learning through experiments and the use of scientific methods. Workshops conducted within non-formal educational structures prove that only is this method engaging and understandable to primary school pupils, it also is possibly much more effective than the traditional learning style for coding information and explaining common misconceptions in teaching evolution, palaeontology and biodiversity. The example of a scenario for science classes presented here (the so-called ‘aquatic problem’, i.e., adaptations of primarily terrestrial animals – amniotes – to the aquatic environment) uses simple props, such as everyday items, to address the problems that teachers in public school face. Thus, it can be implemented independently of school budgets and availability of school equipment.

Adaptation of young teachers to professional activities in an innovative educational environment

Introduction. Qualitative improvement of professional training of specialists, reduction of staff turnover in educational structures is a serious and well-known problem. The field of education is regularly replenished with a significant number of new graduates of pedagogical universities. Numerous studies have demonstrated the existence of a clear pattern: the initial period of "embedding" in the profession is characterized by the greatest intensity. This largely determines both the personal and professional development of a specialist.Having considered the features of the introduction of new educational standards in a number of educational institutions, we can conclude that among the basic factors of the formation of a teacher is the ability to professionally adapt to the new, to be ready to introduce various innovations.Materials and Methods. The article discusses the views of foreign and Russians scientists which studied the process of adaptation of future teachers to professional activities in an innovative educational environment. Methodological basis of the research: cultural approach, competence approach, environmental approach, individual elements of the strategic approach, as well as humanistic and system-structural principles. The main research methods: the method of expert questions, questionnaires, experimental methods, comparative and systematic analysis, the study of thematic publications, the author's own observations.Results. The result of the analysis and interpretation of the studied sources is on the problem of pedagogical support of future teachers to professional activities, it was revealed that the main purpose of pedagogical support is to help a novice teacher to understand himself, the causes of emerging professional problems, in order to mobilize his internal resources, knowledge and skills, for the development of new professional competencies and further self-development.Discussion and Conclusions. We have identified and considered the difficulties and complexities of the process of adaptation of future teachers to professional activities, justified the relevance of the study. We associate the further direction of the research with the development of a program for pedagogical support aimed at the successful adaptation of future teachers to professional activities in an innovative educational environment.

Gender and Educational Inequalities during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Preliminary Insights from Poland

The global pandemic of COVID-19 has had a profound impact on many spheres of social life across the world. One of them has been the deepening of social inequalities and the aggravating of discrimination based on gender. Emerging studies in the field of education and occupation systems point to the fact that women seem to have been particularly affected, along with layoffs in those sectors of the economy where female staffs prevail. Additionally, in many countries, the burden of combining professional careers and supporting the education of young children falls disproportionately on mothers. These transformations pose a challenge to meeting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, wherein gender equality is an important factor. This article uses official statistical data to examine gender and educational structures during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland, set against the backdrop of other European nations and analyzed in the context of sustainability. Have educational and gender inequalities been exacerbated as data from other countries suggest? In order to answer this question, the article traces changes in the education system in Poland and their implications for gender structures. The latter have also been affected by transformations on the labor market in various sectors of the economy, therefore, the second part of the analysis focuses on the labor market changes during the pandemic. The final section offers conclusions on the implications of the pandemic for the studied issues. Throughout the article, we apply the principles of unobtrusive research. Following the theoretical framework outlined in the first part of the paper, we carry out a descriptive analysis of existing statistical data collected by the Eurostat. These official statistics are supplemented by an overview of public opinion polls to allow for perspectives on structural changes, as they are perceived by those affected by them.

Education in Confinement: The Reintegration of Young People in Prison in La Araucanía, Chile

This article addresses the social reintegration of young people studying in the prison of La Araucanía, Chile. Our objective is to describe the social representation of young people between 19 and 29 years old, who are currently serving a custodial sentence, in their reintegration process after secondary education. We start off with the acknowledgement that both social mobility and educational career are historically marked by the reproduction of sociocultural inequality: Educational structures do not fulfill the mission of providing tools for a persons’ life. Our article is based on a unique case study in which a current phenomenon is investigated; in this case, social reintegration within an authentic context—prison. Semi‐structured interviews were applied during our research and participants’ narratives were methodologically triangulated. Our article concludes that, given the presence of homogenizing and inefficient study plans, young people demand deep changes that are linked to a social pedagogy, which values their skills and life project through an awareness process. This process would enable them to explore their reality and cultural action in order to become conscious young people and co‐creators of their future once in freedom.

Рrotecting confidential information in a university environment

Активное развитие глобальной экономической среды и национальных систем происходит в условиях интенсивного внедрения инновационных технологий. Интеграция высокотехнологичных электронных устройств в различные процессы на уровне стран, видов экономической деятельности, отдельных предприятий и в частном жизни населения приводит к генерации значительных объемов информации. Отдельное место в качестве источника генерирования данных занимает сеть Интернет, что служит инструментом создания, накопления и передачи информации. В указанных условиях информация выступает в виде ресурса, который можно оценить в денежной форме исходя из специфики данных и спроса среди отдельных групп пользователей. Отдельные государства пытаются завладеть секретной информации других стран, компании используют промышленный шпионаж для получения секретной информации конкурентов, во многих случаях фиксируются случаи похищения персональной информации граждан с целью получения определенной выгоды и тому подобное. Приведенная ситуация приводит к разработке национальных стратегий защиты в сфере информационной безопасности и активной разработки специализированных продуктов, позволяющих с помощью аппаратного и программного обеспечения минимизировать потерю информационных ресурсов стран, компаний, граждан и тому подобное. Рынок представленных продуктов активно развивается и имеет значительный потенциал для роста, поскольку происходит непрерывная эволюция методов, которые нацелены на незаконное завладение коммерческой и частной информации. В отдельных случаях главной целью незаконно доступа к информации является блокирование доступа к ней владельцев или полное уничтожение данных, что негативно влияет на функционирование компании в целом или отдельных систем. Исходя из международного опыта и ситуации в России, в первую очередь речь идет о хакерской атаке в 2017 г. через специализированное бухгалтерское программное обеспечение M.E.Doc, следует отметить активизацию государственных мероприятий, которые ориентированы на предотвращение незаконного нарушения информационной безопасности. Например, после хакерских атак в 2017 г. был создан Ситуационный центр обеспечения кибернетической безопасности. Специфика функционирования учебных заведений предусматривает генерирование персональной информации учащихся, студентов и педагогических работников, баз данных с учебными материалами, текущей документации и тому подобное. Для обеспечения эффективного функционирования учебных структур необходимо создать действенную систему защиты информации, которая позволит минимизировать риски потери или повреждения соответствующих данных. The active development of the global economic environment and national systems takes place in the conditions of intensive introduction of innovative technologies. The integration of high-tech electronic devices into various processes at the level of countries, types of economic activity, individual enterprises and in the private life of the population leads to the generation of significant amounts of information. A separate place as a source of data generation is occupied by the Internet, which serves as a tool for creating, accumulating and transmitting information. Under these conditions, information acts as a resource that can be evaluated in monetary form based on the specifics of the data and demand among individual user groups. Individual states are trying to seize the secret information of other countries, companies use industrial espionage to obtain the secret information of competitors, in many cases, cases of theft of personal information of citizens for the purpose of obtaining a certain benefit are recorded, and so on. This situation leads to the development of national protection strategies in the field of information security and the active development of specialized products that allow using hardware and software to minimize the loss of information resources of countries, companies, citizens, and the like. The market of the presented products is actively developing and has a significant potential for growth, since there is a continuous evolution of methods that are aimed at illegal acquisition of commercial and private information. In some cases, the main purpose of illegal access to information is to block the owners ' access to it or completely destroy the data, which negatively affects the functioning of the company as a whole or individual systems. Based on international experience and the situation in Russia, first of all, we are talking about a hacker attack in 2017 through specialized accounting software M.E.Doc it should be noted the intensification of state measures that are aimed at preventing illegal violations of information security. For example, after the hacker attacks in 2017 A Situational center for Cybernetic security was created. The specifics of the functioning of educational institutions provide for the generation of personal information of students, students and teaching staff, databases with educational materials, current documentation, and the like. To ensure the effective functioning of educational structures, it is necessary to create an effective information protection system that will minimize the risks of loss or damage to the relevant data.

Transformation of educational structures: university as an entrepreneurial organization

The response of the higher education system to the challenges of today is the emergence and development of new forms of university activity, which more adequately correspond to modern realities. One of these forms is entrepreneurial universities. Thus, this study aims to determine the features of the transformation of universities into entrepreneurial organizations. The article reviews the scientific literature on the problem under study and presents options for defining an entrepreneurial university. Based on an expert survey, the areas of university entrepreneurial activity are determined. The authors indicate the features of entrepreneurial universities and establish and analyze methods for transforming universities in the direction of entrepreneurship. The study led to the conclusion that transformational change in universities is a prerequisite for their effective transformation into entrepreneurial universities.