Book Reviews

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-138
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Income Taxation ◽  
China And India ◽  
Top Incomes ◽  
Boston University ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Progressive Income Taxation ◽  
Income Concentration

Robert A. Margo of Boston University and NBER reviews “Top Incomes: A Global Perspective” edited by A. B. Atkinson and T. Piketty. The EconLit Abstract of the reviewed work begins, “Thirteen papers examine top incomes in ten OECD countries and focus on the contrast between continental Europe and English-speaking countries. Papers discuss top Indian incomes, 1922-2000; income inequality and progressive income taxation in China and India, 1986-2015; the evolution of income concentration….”

scholarly journals Income Inequality and Progressive Income Taxation in China and India, 1986–2015

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Piketty ◽  
Nancy Qian
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Income Taxation ◽  
Income Growth ◽  
Tax Reforms ◽  
China And India ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Progressive Income Taxation ◽  
A Share

This paper evaluates income tax reforms in China and India. The combination of fast income growth and under-indexed tax schedule in China implies the fraction of the Chinese population subject to income tax has increased from less than 0.1 percent in 1986 to about 20 percent in 2008, while it has stagnated around 2–3 percent in India. Chinese income tax revenues, as a share of GDP, increased from less than 0.1 percent in 1986 to about 1.5 percent in 2005 and 2.5 percent in 2008, while the constant adaptation of exemption levels and income brackets in India have caused them to stagnate around 0.5 percent of GDP. (JEL D31, H24, 015, 023, P23, P35)

scholarly journals The Limits of Income Inequality: Public Support for Social Policy across Rich Democracies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nate Breznau ◽  
Carola Hommerich
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Public Support ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Liberal Societies ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Income Concentration

Does public opinion react to inequality, and if so, how? The social harms caused by increasing inequality should cause public opinion to ramp up demand for social welfare protections. However, the public may react to inequality differently depending on institutional context. Using ISSP and WID data (1980-2006) we tested these claims. In liberal institutional contexts (mostly English-speaking), increasing income inequality predicted higher support for state provision of social welfare. In coordinated and universalist contexts (mostly of Europe), increasing inequality predicted less support. Historically higher income concentration predicted less public support, providing an account of the large variation in inequality within the respective liberal and coordinated contexts. The results suggest opinions in liberal societies – especially with higher historical inequality – reached the limits of inequality, reacting negatively; whereas in coordinated/universalist societies – especially with lower historical inequality – opinions moved positively, as if desiring more inequality.

Book Reviews

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-296
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Allen ◽  
Evinc Dogan ◽  
Anna Hjalm ◽  
Ibrahim Sirkeci ◽  
Bradley Saunders
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Migration Studies ◽  
Ashgate Publishing

Helen Vella Bonavita (ed.), Negotiating Identities: Constructed Selves and Oth-ers, Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi, 2011, 217 pp., (ISBN: 978-90-420-3400-6) (pa-per).Theodoros Iosifides, Qualitative Methods in Migration Studies, A Critical Real-ist Perspective, Oxford: Ashgate Publishing, 2011, 278 pp., (ISBN13: 978-1-4094-0222-0), (paper).Puschmann, Paul, Casablanca. A Demographic Miracle on Moroccan Soil?, Leuven: Acco Academic, 2011, 170 pp., (ISBN13: 9789033480683), (paper).Myna German and Padmini Banerjee (eds.), Migration, Technology, and Transculturation: a Global Perspective, St Charles, MO, USA: Lindenwood University Press, 2011, 288 pp., (ISBN13: 978-0984630745), (paper).  Reza Hasmath, The Ethnic Penalty: Immigration, Education and the Labour Market, Burlington, VT and Surrey, UK: Ashgate (2012) 130pp. (ISBN 978-1-4094-0211-4).   

Income inequality and income taxation

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Poterba
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Income Taxation

Inequality Overhang: A Heterogeneous Approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 106-133
Author(s):  
Francesco Grigoli ◽  
Adrian Robles
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Shock Absorber ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Debt Overhang ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Income Concentration

The linearity of the relationship between income inequality and economic development has been long questioned. While theory provides arguments for which the shape of the relationship may be positive for low levels of inequality and negative for high ones, most of the empirical literature assumes a linear specification finding conflicting results. Employing an innovative empirical approach, robust to endogeneity, we find pervasive evidence of nonlinearities. In particular, similar to the debt-overhang literature, we identify an inequality-overhang level, in that the slope of the relationship between income inequality and economic development switches from positive to negative at a net Gini coefficient of about 27 per cent. We also find that in an environment characterized by widespread financial inclusion and high income concentration, rising income inequality has a larger negative impact on economic development because banks may curtail credit to customers at the lower end of the income distribution. On the positive side, a sufficiently high female labor participation can act as a shock absorber reducing such a negative impact, possibly through a more efficient allocation of resources.

The Dragon Turns around and the Elephant Moves Forward: Inequality in China and India under Globalization

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-261
Author(s):  
K. J. Joseph ◽  
Liyan Zhang ◽  
Kiran Kumar Kakarlapudi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Wealth Inequality ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Regional Inequality ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
China And India ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Employment Generation

This article tends to suggest that the strategy of embracing globalization has been helpful in raising GDP growth in China and India. The higher growth record also coincided with increasing income inequality, wealth inequality and regional inequality. While China seems to have made some success in making a turnaround in inequality, in India inequalities are on the rise. The present study attributes the observed trend to the nature of structural change and the resultant employment generation in terms of both its quantity and its quality. FDI and trade under globalization also worked towards increasing inequalities. The key issue is why globalization as implemented in India failed to generate employment unlike what happened in China. India seems to have been not adequately successful in globalizing at ‘our terms and at our own pace’, whereas China has been able to successfully manage its transition to the global market, which in turn, at least partly, explains the observed differences in the trend in growth and inequality in these two countries. At the same time, while there have been targeted and effective policy measures in China to address inequalities, in India, such policies are yet to show up their results.

scholarly journals Adapting Income Taxation to the Labor Market Changes

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-178
Author(s):  
Anna Kireenko ◽  
Svetlana Sodnomova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Income Taxation ◽  
Work Skills ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Gig Economy ◽  
Tax Deductions ◽  
Data Statistics ◽  
Market Trends ◽  
Progressive Income Taxation ◽  
Market Changes

The article is concerned with the analysis of the labor market changes, requiring the personal income tax reform. Methods of comparative and statistical analysis are applied. Rating and analytical agencies data, statistics from the OECD, Eurofond and Eurostat used as the empirical base of the study. Three labor market trends requiring appropriate changes in taxation were identified. The first trend is the change in the demand for work skills, which requires a more flexible approach to educational tax deductions and tax incentives for training in high-demand digital professions. The second trend is digital platforms and the gig economy that enhance income differentiation, which inevitably raises the question of progressive income taxation. The third trend is an increase in non-standard employment. The article analyzes such forms of non-standard employment as work on the basis of vouchers, platform work, joint employment, casual labour which are associated with the ambiguous status of employment and require changes in tax policy to regulate them.

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