scholarly journals Molecular Genetics and Economics

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P Beauchamp ◽  
David Cesarini ◽  
Magnus Johannesson ◽  
Matthijs J. H. M van der Loos ◽  
Philipp D Koellinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
A Genome ◽  
And Biological Markers

The costs of comprehensively genotyping human subjects have fallen to the point where major funding bodies, even in the social sciences, are beginning to incorporate genetic and biological markers into major social surveys. How, if at all, should economists use and combine molecular genetic and economic data from these surveys? What challenges arise when analyzing genetically informative data? To illustrate, we present results from a “genome-wide association study” of educational attainment. We use a sample of 7,500 individuals from the Framingham Heart Study; our dataset contains over 360,000 genetic markers per person. We get some initially promising results linking genetic markers to educational attainment, but these fail to replicate in a second large sample of 9,500 people from the Rotterdam Study. Unfortunately such failure is typical in molecular genetic studies of this type, so the example is also cautionary. We discuss a number of methodological challenges that face researchers who use molecular genetics to reliably identify genetic associates of economic traits. Our overall assessment is cautiously optimistic: this new data source has potential in economics. But researchers and consumers of the genoeconomic literature should be wary of the pitfalls, most notably the difficulty of doing reliable inference when faced with multiple hypothesis problems on a scale never before encountered in social science.

scholarly journals Systems approaches provide new insights into Arabidopsis thaliana root growth under mineral nutrient limitation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Bouain ◽  
Arthur Korte ◽  
Santosh B. Satbhai ◽  
Seung Y. Rhee ◽  
Wolfgang Busch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Functional Module ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Chromatin Modification ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
A Genome

AbstractThe molecular genetic mechanisms by which plants modulate their root growth rate (RGR) in response to nutrient deficiency are largely unknown. Using a panel of Arabidopsis thaliana natural accessions, we provide a comprehensive combinatorial analysis of RGR variation under macro- and micronutrient deficiency, namely phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn), which affect root growth in opposite directions. We found that while -P stimulates early RGR of most accessions, -Fe or -Zn reduces it. The combination of either -P-Fe or -P-Zn leads to suppression of the growth inhibition exerted by -Fe or -Zn alone. Surprisingly, Arabidopsis reference accession Columbia (Col-0) is not representative of the species under -P and -Zn. Using a genome wide association study, we identify candidate genes that control RGR under the assayed nutrient deficiency conditions. By using a network biology driven search using these candidate genes, we further identify a functional module enriched in regulation of cell cycle, DNA replication and chromatin modification that possibly underlies the suppression of root growth reduction in -P-Fe conditions. Collectively, our findings provide a framework for understanding the regulation of RGR under nutrient deficiency, and open new routes for the identification of both large effect genes and favorable allelic variations to improve root growth.

scholarly journals A genome-wide association study of plasma total IgE concentrations in the Framingham Heart Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 840-845.e21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Granada ◽  
Jemma B. Wilk ◽  
Marina Tuzova ◽  
David P. Strachan ◽  
Stephan Weidinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Framingham Heart Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Total Ige ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
A Genome

scholarly journals A genome-wide association study of breast and prostate cancer in the NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. S6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne M Murabito ◽  
Carol L Rosenberg ◽  
Daniel Finger ◽  
Bernard E Kreger ◽  
Daniel Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Framingham Heart Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Breast And Prostate Cancer

scholarly journals Insight Into the Causative Genes and Pathways Associated With Height, Length, Length to Height Ratio and Body Weight Traits of Korean Indigenous Breed, Jindo Dog Using Gene Set Enrichment and Pathway-based GWAS Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunirmal Sheet ◽  
Jong Seok Kim ◽  
Min Jeong Ko ◽  
Na Yeon Kim ◽  
Young Jo Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment ◽  
Gene Set ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract As a companion and hunting dog, height, length, length to height ratio (LHR) and body-weight are the vital economic traits for Jindo dog. Artificial breeding has produced an extraordinary diversity in these traits. Therefore, the identification of causative markers, genes and pathways that led us to understand the genetic basis of this variability is essential for their selection purposes. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) combined with pathway-based analysis on 757 dogs using 118,879 SNPs. A higher heritability (h2) was detected for height (0.33) and weight (0.28) trait in Jindo. At a threshold of p-value < 5E-05, 10, 6, 13, and 11 SNPs on different chromosomes were significantly associated with height, length, LHR and body-weight traits, respectively. Based on our result, HHIP, LCORL, and NCAPG for height, IGFI and FGFR3 for length, DLK1 and EFEMP1 for LHR, and PTPN2, IGFI, and RASAL2 for weight can be the potential candidate genes because the significant SNPs located in their intronic or upstream regions. An additive and dominant mode of inheritance was noticed from the phenotype-genotype correlation plot for top variants. The gene-set enrichment analysis highlighted here 9 and 7 overlapping significant (p < 0.05) GO terms and pathways among traits. Interestingly, the highlighted pathways were related to hormone synthesis, secretion and signaling were generally involved in the metabolism, growth and development process. Our data provide an insight into the significant genes and pathways if verified further, which will have a significant effect on the breeding /management of the Jindo dog’s population.

Modifiable risk factors for intracranial aneurysms: Evidence from genetic studies

2022 ◽  
pp. 174749302110656
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Sun ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Linshuoshuo Lv ◽  
Ding Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Background: Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is a crucial health concern with limited strategies for prevention and treatment. Aim: To identify potentially modifiable risk factors, such as socioeconomic, behaviors, dietary, and cardiometabolic factors, for IA and its subtypes. Methods: Summary statistics for IA were derived from a genome-wide association study with an overall 79,429 participants. Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with modifiable risk factors at genome-wide significance ( P = 5 × 10–8) were used as instrumental variables. The inverse-variance-weighted method, weighted-median method, Mendelian randomization (MR)-Egger regression, MR-Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier, and multivariable MR analyses were performed to evaluate the effect estimates. Results: Genetically predicted educational attainment, insomnia, smoking, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) were significantly associated with the risk of IA. The odds ratios (ORs) were 0.44 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.37–0.52) for educational attainment, 1.15 (95% CI: 1.08–1.23) for insomnia, 1.56 (95% CI: 1.38–1.75) for smoking initiation, 2.69 (95% CI: 1.77–4.07) for cigarette per day, 2.65 (95% CI: 1.72–4.08) for lifetime smoking, 1.07 (95% CI: 1.06–1.09), and 1.06 (95% CI: 1.04–1.10) for SBP and DBP, respectively. Similar effect estimates were observed for unruptured IAs and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Conclusions: This study provided genetic evidence that several modifiable risk factors, including blood pressure, smoking, educational attainment, and insomnia were associated with the risk of IA.

A Genome-Wide Association Study of Educational Attainment

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Beauchamp ◽  
David Cesarini ◽  
Matthijs J. H. M. van der Loos ◽  
P. Koellinger ◽  
Patrick J. F. Groenen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

scholarly journals Heritability and molecular genetic basis of antisaccade eye tracking error rate: A genome-wide association study

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1272-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uma Vaidyanathan ◽  
Stephen M. Malone ◽  
Jennifer M. Donnelly ◽  
Micah A. Hammer ◽  
Michael B. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Molecular Genetic Basis ◽  
A Genome

A genome-wide association study identifies four genetic markers for hematological toxicities in cancer patients receiving gemcitabine therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuma Kiyotani ◽  
Satoko Uno ◽  
Taisei Mushiroda ◽  
Atsushi Takahashi ◽  
Michiaki Kubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

scholarly journals Alcohol Induced Depression: Clinical, Biological and Genetic Features

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2668
Author(s):  
Adriana Farré ◽  
Judit Tirado ◽  
Nino Spataro ◽  
María Alías-Ferri ◽  
Marta Torrens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Multiple Testing ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Genetic Features ◽  
And Biological Markers

Background: In clinical practice, there is the need to have clinical and biological markers to identify induced depression. The objective was to investigate clinical, biological and genetic differences between Primary Major Depression (Primary MD) and Alcohol Induced MD (AI-MD). Methods: Patients, of both genders, were recruited from psychiatric hospitalisation units. The PRISM instrument was used to establish the diagnoses. Data on socio-demographic/family history, clinical scales for depression, anxiety, personality and stressful life events were recorded. A blood test was performed analysing biochemical parameters and a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) to identify genetic markers associated with AI-MD. Results: A total of 80 patients were included (47 Primary MD and 33 AI-MD). The AI-MD group presented more medical comorbidities and less family history of depression. There were differences in traumatic life events, with higher scores in the AI-MD (14.21 ± 11.35 vs. 9.30 ± 7.38; p = 0.021). DSM-5 criteria were different between groups with higher prevalence of weight changes and less anhedonia, difficulties in concentration and suicidal thoughts in the AI-MD. None of the genetic variants reached significance beyond multiple testing thresholds; however, some suggestive variants were observed. Conclusions: This study has found clinical and biological features that may help physicians to identify AI-MD and improve its therapeutic approach.

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