A simple rapid method for the detection of rat urinary proteins by agarose electrophoresis and nigrosine staining

1986 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Allchin ◽  
G. O. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Method ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Urinary Proteins ◽  
Rat Urine ◽  
Protein Excretion ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Agarose Electrophoresis ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Short Time

The method described is sufficiently sensitive to detect major changes in the protein excretion patterns of rat urine, and the short time required for technical procedures makes the method suitable for screening large numbers of rat urine samples. The patterns observed for normal adult male rats are similar to previously published data, and the method may also be used to identify pseudoproteinuria.

scholarly journals Proteinuria in rats in relation to age-dependent renal changes

1980 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannette M. Alt ◽  
H. Hackbarth ◽  
F. Deerberg ◽  
H. Stolte
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Disc Electrophoresis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Urinary Proteins ◽  
Protein Excretion ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Renal Changes

A variety of sex-dependent urinary proteins of low molecular weight, absent in females and in castrated males, can be identified in male rats by disc electrophoresis. In the urine of male rats of age 5·5 months, albumin comprises only 1-2% of the total protein. Albumin excretion increases greatly with age and associated kidney disease. Total protein excretion, however, stays the same or even decreases slightly as the rat ages, due to a loss of low molecular weight, sex-dependent, proteins. These are virtually absent in senescent rats (38 months of age), although total protein excretion rises tenfold in these animals due to high molecular weight plasma proteins passing into the urine; the glomerular filtration rate decreases to 70% of the value measured at 5·5 months of age.

Effect of Vial shaking on Loading Time of Epirubicin into Drug-Eluting Bead

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Ikeda ◽  
Yusuke Kawamura ◽  
Masahiro Kobayashi ◽  
Taito Fukushima ◽  
Yushi Sorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Vortex Mixer ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Group A ◽  
Drug Eluting ◽  
Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Group B ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Short Time

Background: Although DC Bead has been useful in treatment of multiple and large hepatocellular carcinoma, loading time of doxorubicin into the DC Bead takes a long time of 30-120 minutes. Epirubicin is also used as an antitumor agent together with DC Bead, but its loading efficiency was not sufficiently elucidated. Methods: To shorten loading time of epirubicin into DC Bead (100-300µm, 300-500µm, 500-700µm), we examined the following three methods after mixing the drug: (a) let stand in room temperature, (b) agitated for 30 seconds with Vortex mixer, and (c) sonicated for 30 seconds with ultrasonic cleaner. After loading of epirubicin by each method, supernatant concentration for epirubicin was assayed at 5, 10, 30, 60, and 120 minutes. Results: Epirubicin loading rates for small bead (100-300µm) at 5 minutes were 82.9 % in group a, 93.8% in group b, and 79.9 % in group c. Similarly, medium bead (300-500µm), 40.1% in group a, 65.7% in group b and 45.5% in group c, respectively. In large-sized bead (500-700µm), loaded rates of epirubicin were 38.8% in group a, 59.0% in group b and 48.0% in group c. Agitation of mixture of epirubicin and DC Bead with Vortex mixer significantly shortened the loading time, but sonication did not affect the time required. Microscopic examination did not lead to any morphological change of microspheres in all the methods. Conclusions: Short time of agitation with Vortex mixer reduced the necessary time for loading of epirubicin in every standard of DC Bead.

Alteration of intrapancreatic serotonin, homocysteine, TNF-α, and NGF levels as predisposing factors for diabetes following exposure to 900-MHz waves

2021 ◽  
pp. 074823372110226
Author(s):  
Gholamali Jelodar ◽  
Mansour Azimzadeh ◽  
Fatemeh Radmard ◽  
Narges Darvishhoo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Time Exposure ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Short Time

Exposure to mobile phone radiation causes deleterious health effects on biological systems. The objects of this study were to investigate the effect of 900-MHz radiofrequency waves (RFW) emitted from base transceiver station antenna on intrapancreatic homocysteine (Hcy), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and nerve growth factor (NGF) as predisposing factors involved in pancreatic beta cell damage. Thirty male rats (Sprague-Dawley, 200 ± 10 g) were randomly divided into the control (without any exposure) and exposed groups: short time (2 h/day), long time (4 h/day), and exposed to 900-MHz RFW for 30 consecutive days. On the last days of the experiment, animals were killed and pancreas tissue was dissected out for evaluation of serotonin, Hcy, TNF-α, and NGF. There was a significant decrease in the serotonin and NGF levels in the pancreatic tissue of exposed groups compared to the control group ( p < 0.05). Also, the levels of serotonin and NGF in the long-time exposure were significantly lower than the short-time exposure ( p < 0.05). However, levels of Hcy and TNF-α were significantly increased in the pancreas of exposed groups compared to the control groups ( p < 0.05). Exposure to 900-MHz RFW decreased pancreatic NGF and serotonin levels and increased the proinflammatory markers (Hcy and TNF-α), which can be a predisposing factor for type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals On the Short Time Scale Evolutionary History of the Contact Binary VW Cephei

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 396-396
Author(s):  
I. Pustylnik
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Light Curves ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Short Time Scale ◽  
Flare Activity ◽  
Considerable Portion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Contact Binary ◽  
Elongation Phase ◽  
Short Time

We study the short-time evolutionary history of the well-known contact binary VW Cep. Our analysis is based partly on the numerous UBV lightcurves obtained at Tartu Observatory, IUE spectra, and samples from the published data. Special attention is given to the effects of asymmetry of the light curves. A higher degree of asymmetry outside the eclipses along with the significant displacements of the brightness maxima in respect to the elongation phase is interpreted as evidence that a considerable portion of the flaring source is concentrated close to the neck connecting the components. We discuss the nature of asymmetry in terms of possible mass exchange and the flare activity and compare the results of our model computations with the record of orbital period variations over the last 60 years.

A Rapid Method for Collecting Large Numbers of Intestinal Helminths

1963 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 997 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. McCue ◽  
Ralph E. Thorson
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Method ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
Large Numbers

scholarly journals The European TeleCheck-AF project on remote app-based management of atrial fibrillation during the COVID-19 pandemic: centre and patient experiences

EP Europace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Gawałko ◽  
David Duncker ◽  
Martin Manninger ◽  
Rachel M J van der Velden ◽  
Astrid N L Hermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Patient Experiences ◽  
Af Ablation ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Inclusion Rate ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Aims TeleCheck-AF is a multicentre international project initiated to maintain care delivery for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) during COVID-19 through teleconsultations supported by an on-demand photoplethysmography-based heart rate and rhythm monitoring app (FibriCheck®). We describe the characteristics, inclusion rates, and experiences from participating centres according the TeleCheck-AF infrastructure as well as characteristics and experiences from recruited patients. Methods and results Three surveys exploring centre characteristics (n = 25), centre experiences (n = 23), and patient experiences (n = 826) were completed. Self-reported patient characteristics were obtained from the app. Most centres were academic (64%) and specialized public cardiology/district hospitals (36%). Majority of the centres had AF outpatient clinics (64%) and only 36% had AF ablation clinics. The time required to start patient inclusion and total number of included patients in the project was comparable for centres experienced (56%) or inexperienced in mHealth use. Within 28 weeks, 1930 AF patients were recruited, mainly for remote AF control (31% of patients) and AF ablation follow-up (42%). Average inclusion rate was highest during the lockdown restrictions and reached a steady state at a lower level after easing the restrictions (188 vs. 52 weekly recruited patients). Majority (&gt;80%) of the centres reported no problems during the implementation of the TeleCheck-AF approach. Recruited patients [median age 64 (55–71), 62% male] agreed that the FibriCheck® app was easy to use (94%). Conclusion Despite different health care settings and mobile health experiences, the TeleCheck-AF approach could be set up within an extremely short time and easily used in different European centres during COVID-19.

Incomplete Intrapulmonary Lymph Node Retrieval After Routine Pathologic Examination of Resected Lung Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (23) ◽  
pp. 2823-2828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Ramirez ◽  
Christopher G. Wang ◽  
Laura E. Miller ◽  
Courtney A. Adair ◽  
Allen Berry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
External Control ◽  
Pathologic Examination ◽  
Resected Nsclc ◽  
Lymph Node Retrieval ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Pathologic Staging ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Time Required

Purpose Pathologic nodal stage affects prognosis in patients with surgically resected non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Unlike examination of mediastinal lymph nodes (LNs), which depends on surgical practice, accurate examination of intrapulmonary (N1) nodes depends primarily on pathology practice. We investigated the completeness of N1 LN examination in NSCLC resection specimens and its potential impact on stage. Patients and Methods We performed a case-control study of a special pathologic examination (SPE) protocol using thin gross dissection with retrieval and microscopic examination of all LN-like material on remnant NSCLC resection specimens after routine pathologic examination (RPE). We compared LNs retrieved by the SPE protocol with nodes examined after RPE of the same lung specimens and with those of an external control cohort. Results We retrieved additional LNs in 66 (90%) of 73 patient cases and discovered metastasis in 56 (11%) of 514 retrieved LNs from 27% of all patients. We found unexpected LN metastasis in six (12%) of 50 node-negative patients. Three other patients had undetected satellite metastatic nodules. Pathologic stage was upgraded in eight (11%) of 73 patients. The time required for the SPE protocol decreased significantly with experience, with no change in the number of LNs found. Conclusion Standard pathology practice frequently leaves large numbers of N1 LNs unexamined, a clinically significant proportion of which harbor metastasis. By improving N1 LN examination, SPE can have an impact on prognosis and adjuvant management. We suggest adoption of the SPE to improve pathologic staging of resected NSCLC.

Abstract P031: Reduced Augmentation Of The Intrarenal Renin-angiotensin System (ras), Lower Systolic Blood Pressure, And Preserved Renal Function In Female Compared To Male Rats With Unilateral Renal Artery Stenosis

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie L Bell ◽  
Weijian A Shao ◽  
Akemi Katsurada ◽  
Ryosuke Sato ◽  
L Gabriel G NAVAR
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Artery Stenosis ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Urinary Protein Excretion ◽  
Urinary Protein ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protein Excretion

Despite growing evidence of sex differences in the progression of hypertension, there are no guidelines that differentiate treatment between men and women. Intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation and tissue injury in 2-kidney, 1-clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats have been characterized in previous studies of male but not female rats. To evaluate possible sex differences in response to renovascular hypertension, urinary angiotensinogen (uAGT) excretion, systolic blood pressure (BP), urinary protein excretion, and renal function were assessed in female rats.Female (n=8) and male (n=6) rats underwent placement of a 0.2 mm clip on the left renal artery to simulate unilateral renal artery stenosis. BP was measured by tail-cuff plethysmography, and clearance studies were conducted in anesthetized rats to assess renal function. Urine protein concentration was determined by pyrogallol red method. uAGT was measured by ELISA as an index of intrarenal RAS activity. Systolic BP increased from 120±1 to 176±8 mmHg, and urinary protein excretion reached 20.2±5.6 mg/day in female rats. Although uAGT excretion increased from 13.2±7.7 ng/day to 74.1±29.9 ng/day in female rats, male rats had a significantly higher uAGT excretion of 1572.6±750 ng/day. Nonclipped kidneys exhibited more uAGT excretion compared to clipped kidneys, consistent with previous findings in males. Although 2K1C female rats demonstrate significantly lower renal function than sham females, they show more preserved renal function than male rats. Female rats also demonstrate significantly lower increases in systolic BP and urinary protein excretion compared to male rats. The data support substantial sex-dependent differences in renal responses to unilateral renal artery stenosis. The results show substantial increases in systolic BP, uAGT, and urinary protein excretion and decreased renal function after renal artery clipping in females, but the magnitude of the changes is markedly lower than in males. Nonclipped kidneys of both sexes exhibit greater uAGT excretion than clipped kidneys. Notably, females show less augmentation of the intrarenal RAS compared to male rats in renovascular hypertension.

The Effect of Problem Complexity, Computer Power, and Feedback Aids on the Accuracy and Completness of Computer Programs

1982 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 989-993
Author(s):  
Edward M. Connelly
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Problem Complexity ◽  
User Input ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Force Problem ◽  
Solution Specification

An essential step in the development of a computer program is the specification of the solution logic to be implemented by the program. The importance of accurate problem solution specification is further stressed by researchers in programming language and artificial intelligence who suggest that in a relatively short time computer programs will be synthesized automatically and that the job of the user will be only to specify the problem solution. The research reported in this paper involved an investigation of the ability of computer users to specify problem solutions in the form of example solutions. This ability was evaluated as a function of the user's background and experience, the complexity of the available processor (i.e., degree of generalization of the inputs), and the available feedback aids. Further, the ability of experienced programmers to implement the problem solution in FORTRAN IV logic code was investigated. The research reported here is part of study in multi-level communications, both abstract and concrete (i.e., general statements and examples), that may provide a method for effective two-way communication between users and computers. Two participant groups (programmers and bookkeepers/accountants) working with three levels of problem complexity and three levels of processor complexity were used. The experimental task employed in this study required specification of a logic for solution of a Navy task force problem. This task involved choosing ships from a ship list which identified the ship type, the transiting time (the time required for the ship to get from its present position to the desired site), and stationing time (the number of days the ship can remain on station with available provisions). In addition to this specification of ship combinations, the participants had to specify by the example solution the range of transiting and stationing times required. It was found that both programmers' and bookkeepers/accountants' scores decreased with increasing levels of problem and processor complexity, but the scores for the bookkeepers/accountants were significantly less than those of the programmers. In a regression analysis it was found that the degree of computer generalization of the user input (processor complexity) explained more variance than did problem complexity. Further for those experiment conditions where little computer generalization of user input was provided, performance was significantly lower than for other experiment conditions. This result suggests that computer generalization of user inputs is an important factor to accurate specification of problem solutions. Finally, the results show that participant strategy in generating solutions was the most significant factor affecting performance. The strategy measures, which indicated the degree of systematization of the participants, explained 58 percent of the score variance.

Hydrograph recession characteristics of some small agricultural catchments

Soil Research ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 373 ◽  
Author(s):  
WC Boughton ◽  
DM Freebairn
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
New South ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Agricultural Catchments ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Catchment Size ◽  
Time Required

Five-min recession constants were calculated for surface runoff and interflow using hydrographs of runoff from five 1-ha catchments at Greenmount near Toowoomba in south-east Queensland. The recession constants were converted to half-flow periods, i.e. the time required for flow rate to halve during an exponential recession. The half-flow periods of surface runoff and interflow on the 1 ha catchment are compared with published data from catchments of much larger size in New South Wales, and it is shown that the ratio of interflow half-flow period to surface runoff half-flow period does not vary much over six orders of magnitude of catchment size. Calculations of maximum rates of interflow and volumes of interflow storage show that both rates and volumes are possible in the plough depth of surface soil. The results support the evidence of interflow obtained earlier in unit hydrograph studies of runoff on these same catchments.

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