Epidemiology of Syphilis and Gonorrhoea in Eastern Poland in the Years 1988-1997

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 680-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Chodynicka ◽  
A B Serwin ◽  
M Janczy/lo-Jankowska ◽  
M A Waugh
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Early Syphilis ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Sexual Contacts ◽  
Casual Contact

Because of the sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) epidemic in the former Soviet Union and the possibility of a rise in early syphilis and gonorrhoea in the eastern region of Poland it seemed important to calculate the incidence rates for early syphilis and gonorrhoea for 3 border regions (east, west and south) and the central part of the country in the last 10 years. In addition, data were analysed on patients and their sexual partners (from Poland and abroad), and the country where the contact took place obtained from 14 Provincial Skin-VD Out-Patients’ Clinics of eastern Poland. The results from 1988/89 and 1996/97 were compared. It was shown that early syphilis morbidity signi® cantly decreased in western and southern Poland, fell in the central part and rose in the east slightly. Gonorrhoea morbidity signi® cantly decreased in all regions. However, the number of provinces with early syphilis and gonorrhoea incidence rates in the 1990s of the same value or higher than in the 1980s, or of the whole of Poland clearly increased in eastern and central regions. The early syphilis and gonorrhoea morbidity in east Poland in the 1990s in relation to 1980s was marked by significant increase in the percentage of the foreigners treated (12.2 vs 1.8, P≤0.001 for early syphilis, and 10.0 vs 2.3, P≤0.001 for gonorrhoea) and in sexual contacts with foreigners reported by Polish patients (23.7 vs 0.8, P≤0.01 for early syphilis and 17.7 vs 4.3, P≤0.01 for gonorrhoea). Of the foreign contacts reported in 1996/97 by early syphilis and gonorrhoea patients, 60.4% and 82.2%, respectively, were casual. Contact with foreigners took place, mainly, in the former Soviet Union. The study illustrates that there may be a danger of an increase in the incidence of syphilis and gonorrhoea in Poland due to the epidemics in the neighbouring countries.

scholarly journals The Transformation of Economic Development in the Border Regions of Russia and Kazakhstan in the Post-Soviet Period

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-141
Author(s):  
Alexander Burnasov ◽  
Ilyushkina Maria ◽  
Yury Kovalev ◽  
Anatoly Stepanov ◽  
Gulnara Nyussupova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
Territorial Structure

The prospects and trends for the development of border regions of the former Soviet Union have become one of the profound research areas in the field of economic geography recently. In the conditions of planned economy in the Republics of the USSR, a vertical system of industrial complexes was formed, with the focus on performing national economic tasks. There have been some significant changes in the border regions of independent post-Soviet States in the process of transition to the market economy model. The analysis of the industrial and territorial structure is done on the example of Russia and Kazakhstan. The formation of a common market on the basis of the Eurasian Economic Union allowed the border regions to make the most of their competitive advantage in attracting investments. The unique geographical particularity of the research object is manifested in the fact that there are no analogues of the longest land border in the world as between Russia and Kazakhstan. The new forms of production organisation are implemented in the border regions of the studied countries over more than 7,000 km. More than a quarter of a century later, transformation processes are clearly observed in the mining and manufacturing industries, agriculture, transport and services. As a result, the “regional asymmetry” of industrial development can be observed when manufacturing regions with high added value become the “cores” of economic development of cross-border relations between Russia and Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Incidence of early syphilis acquired in former Soviet Union is increasing

BMJ ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 315 (7114) ◽  
pp. 1018-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Deayton ◽  
P. French
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Early Syphilis

scholarly journals Iodine status of the population in Russia and the world: what do we have for 2019?

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlada I. Alferova ◽  
Svetlana V. Mustafina ◽  
Oksana D. Rymar
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Iodine Status ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article presents the most relevant data of the world literature on the problem of iodine status. The problem of iodine deficiency still remains unresolved on the territory of the former Soviet Union (the median urinary iodine was 29.1 μg/l in Abkhazia, and almost 30% of the examined had the level of ioduria below standard values in Kazakhstan), although some countries have been successful in dealing with iodine deficiency (the median urinary iodine is 191 μg/l in Belarus, 169 μg/l in Ukraine). On the rest of the Eurasian continent, the picture is also different: among the total mass of countries with normal median urinary iodine, there are territories with both iodine deficiency (the median of ioduria ranges from 80 to 138 μg/l in the UK, the median of ioduria is 63 μg/l in France) and its excessive consumption (the median of ioduria is 330.0 μg/l in China). On the territory of America, in 2016, the elimination of iodine deficiency was announced (the median of ioduria ranged from 123 μg/l (Argentina) to 415 μg/l (Colombia)), and Haiti was the only country with a fixed iodine deficiency – 84 μg/l. Research data from different years in the following regions of the Russian Federation are presented: Moscow (the median of ioduria 67.0 μg/l), St. Petersburg (66.0–86.0 μg/l), Tyumen region (106.9 μg/l), Novosibirsk region (93.0 μg/l), Republic of Bashkortostan (70.3 μg/l), Republic of Dagestan (65.8 μg/l), Kemerovo region (90.0 μg/l), Saratov region (59.0–106.0 μg/l), Tomsk region (94 μg/l), Far Eastern region (58.0–74 μg/l), Chelyabinsk region (92.0–164.5 μg/l), Chuvash Republic (72.0 μg/l), Perm region (100.0 μg/l). Almost throughout the Russian Federation, iodine deficiency of mild severity was noted.

scholarly journals Outbreak of early syphilis in an institution for the care of adults with mental disorders

2005 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. VLAJINAC ◽  
S. SIPETIC ◽  
M. BJEKIC ◽  
G. SAVCIC ◽  
J. MARINKOVIC
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Case Note ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Early Syphilis ◽  
Penicillin Therapy ◽  
Sexual Contacts ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Latent Syphilis ◽  
Case Note Review

This paper describes the features of an outbreak of early syphilis in an institution for the care of adults with mental disorders. A case-note review was performed. In the period June to November 2001, 87 cases of syphilis were diagnosed [25 primary, 21 secondary and 41 early latent syphilis in 983 inmates (crude attack rate 8·9%)]. Among them 82 were heterosexual, four were homosexual or bisexual, and for one case sexual preference was not established. About half the cases were known to be promiscuous. The initial case was not identified. Penicillin therapy was administered to all cases and all known or suspected sexual contacts. Sporadic cases of syphilis have, however, continued to emerge from time to time. Institutions for patients with mental disorders are vulnerable to sexually transmitted diseases, and special strategies should be devised for their control.

Sexual and mental health of patients with cardiovascular disease: A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s852-s852
Author(s):  
A.R. Szczegielniak ◽  
M. Krzystanek
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Cardiac Patients ◽  
General Response

More than 4,000,000 people die from cardiovascular diseases in Europe every year. Even though a significant reduction in mortality of patients suffering from heart and blood vessels disorders can be observed across the continent, a number of hospitalizations in this group constantly increase. Large disparities in the assessment of population's health awareness, prevention activities and the availability of specialized treatment between different regions of Europe are still recognized with the highest incidence rates in Central Europe, Eastern Europe and the countries of the former Soviet Union. Both researchers and clinicians pay increasingly more attention to the cardiac patients’ quality of life. It determines not only the daily physical, mental and social functioning, but also a general response to the further treatment conducted in outpatients clinic. Sexuality is an integral part of the human personality. Disorders appearing in the area make it difficult to fully achieve the comprehensive well-being from the individual, interpersonal and social dimension. Reduction of satisfaction and decrease in sexual activity are commonly observed in cardiac patients and frequently associated with depression and anxiety disorders. Older age, pharmacological treatment, and variety of cardiovascular risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, physical inactivity, smoking) also negatively influence sexual functioning. Thus, cardiac rehabilitation programs must be designed in a way to include recommendations regarding clinical management of sexual dysfunction, improving functional capacity, quality of life, morbidity and mortality of the patients with cardiovascular disease across Europe. Psychiatric assessment and general psychological well-being appraisal seem to be inseparable in these regards.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Marital Stability Among Jewish and Mixed Couples Following Immigration to Israel From the Former Soviet Union

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoav Lavee ◽  
Ludmila Krivosh
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Marital Stability ◽  
Marital Instability ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
Marital Outcomes ◽  
Jewish Immigrants

This research aims to identify factors associated with marital instability among Jewish and mixed (Jewish and non-Jewish) couples following immigration from the former Soviet Union. Based on the Strangeness Theory and the Model of Acculturation, we predicted that non-Jewish immigrants would be less well adjusted personally and socially to Israeli society than Jewish immigrants and that endogamous Jewish couples would have better interpersonal congruence than mixed couples in terms of personal and social adjustment. The sample included 92 Jewish couples and 92 ethnically-mixed couples, of which 82 couples (40 Jewish, 42 mixed) divorced or separated after immigration and 102 couples (52 Jewish, 50 ethnically mixed) remained married. Significant differences were found between Jewish and non-Jewish immigrants in personal adjustment, and between endogamous and ethnically-mixed couples in the congruence between spouses in their personal and social adjustment. Marital instability was best explained by interpersonal disparity in cultural identity and in adjustment to life in Israel. The findings expand the knowledge on marital outcomes of immigration, in general, and immigration of mixed marriages, in particular.

The Contribution of Pavlov's Typology of CNS Properties to Personality Research

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Strelau
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
The West ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Personality Theories ◽  
Strength Of Excitation ◽  
Point Of Departure

This paper presents Pavlov's contribution to the development of biological-oriented personality theories. Taking a short description of Pavlov's typology of central nervous system (CNS) properties as a point of departure, it shows how, and to what extent, this typology influenced further research in the former Soviet Union as well as in the West. Of special significance for the development of biologically oriented personality dimensions was the conditioned reflex paradigm introduced by Pavlov for studying individual differences in dogs. This paradigm was used by Russian psychologists in research on types of nervous systems conducted in different animal species as well as for assessing temperament in children and adults. Also, personality psychologists in the West, such as Eysenck, Spence, and Gray, incorporated the CR paradigm into their theories. Among the basic properties of excitation and inhibition on which Pavlov's typology was based, strength of excitation and the basic indicator of this property, protective inhibition, gained the highest popularity in arousaloriented personality theories. Many studies have been conducted in which the Pavlovian constructs of CNS properties have been related to different personality dimensions. In current research the behavioral expressions of the Pavlovian constructs of strength of excitation, strength of inhibition, and mobility of nervous processes as measured by the Pavlovian Temperament Survey (PTS) have been related to over a dozen of personality dimensions, mostly referring to temperament.

Transmigration und Kapitalismus

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (140) ◽  
pp. 407-422
Author(s):  
Julia Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Different Sources

Based on an ethnographical study the article presents the problems of Soviet migrants with capitalistic every day life. The reaction of the migrants and the role of their imagination of capitalism, which was formed by different sources in the former Soviet Union, is investigated.

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