scholarly journals ACUTE BACTERIAL MENINGITIS IN CHILDREN BEFORE AND AFTER PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE IN PAKISTAN NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME; A COMPARISON

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Attia Bari ◽  
Fatima Zeeshan ◽  
Aizza Zafar ◽  
Hasan Ejaz ◽  
Humera Javed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccine ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Immunization Programme ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
National Immunization Programme ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Meningitis In Children

scholarly journals Tolerability of MenACWY-TT vaccination in adolescents in the Netherlands; a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Kemmeren ◽  
L. van Balveren ◽  
A. Kant ◽  
H. de Melker
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Sample Size Calculation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunization Programme ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
National Immunization Programme ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Systemic Symptoms

Abstract Background In 2018, meningococcal ACWY-TT vaccine (MenACWY-TT) was offered to adolescents in the Netherlands within the National Immunization Programme at 14 years of age. A questionnaire study assessed the tolerability of this vaccine. Methods Five thousand adolescents were invited to participate and to fill in two questionnaires about systemic events in the week before vaccination and local reactions and systemic events in the week after vaccination. Frequencies of local and systemic adverse events in the week after vaccination were calculated. Association between the occurrence of systemic symptoms in the week before and after the vaccination was tested by using generalized mixed models (GLMM). Results Of all adolescents, 139 returned one or both questionnaires. Any local reaction within 7 days after vaccination was reported by 55.6% of the adolescents. Pain (50%) and reduced use of the injected arm (21.3%) were most often reported. Any systemic event was reported by 67.6% of the participants, with myalgia as the most often reported event (37.0%). Compared with the week before vaccination, there were no increased odds of experiencing systemic symptoms in the week after vaccination (OR 0.95; 95%CI 0.40–2.27). Conclusions After vaccination with MenACWY-TT vaccine, most adolescents reported one or more adverse events, which were mostly mild and transient. Systemic symptoms were not reported more often in the week after compared to the week before vaccination. Unfortunately, due to a low response rate we were not able to detect the absolute elevated risks the sample size calculation was based on. However, despite limited data, our results are in line with results from prelicensure data, and indicate that MenACWY-TT vaccination is well tolerated in adolescents.

scholarly journals Trends for rotavirus acute gastroenteritis in children under 5 years old before and after vaccine introduction, Morocco, 2006–2014

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 553-562
Author(s):  
Hind Ezzine ◽  
Ahmed Rguig ◽  
Mariam Naciri ◽  
I. Jroundi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccine ◽  
Immunization Programme ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
National Immunization Programme ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Children Under 5

Background: In Morocco, acute gastroenteritis in children is a public health issue. Since 1987, several strategies have been conducted to reduce its burden by the Moroccan Ministry of Health, including the introduction of the anti-rotavirus vaccine into the national immunization programme in 2010. Aims: To evaluate the impact of the anti-rotavirus vaccine in outpatients and inpatients with acute gastroenteritis under 5 years old. Methods: We conducted descriptive studies and a retrospective cohort study using data from the hospital’s sentinel surveillance system and the national ambulatory surveillance registry for acute gastroenteritis from 2006 to 2014. This include the period before and after the implementation of the rotavirus (RV) vaccine on children under age 5 years. Results: The decrease in acute gastroenteritis cases was about 5.2%, mainly among children aged 0–11 months. The proportion of acute RV gastroenteritis (RVGE) decreased from 37.0% to 31.1% after the vaccine’s introduction; it was statistically significant among the children aged 0–11 months (38.8% to 28.1%; P = 0.009). The proportion of RVGE among inpatients decreased from 97.0% to 91.7% (P = 0.022). Diarrheal disease cases without dehydration increased from 7.8% to 11.1% (P < 0.001); RVGE was 2.3 times more frequent among unvaccinated children. The vaccine effectiveness was estimated at 57%. The proportion of G1P[8] genotype infections decreased after the introduction of the RV vaccine (56% to 40%; P < 0.001), while the G2P[4] genotype became more frequent (13% to 21%; P = 0.015). Conclusions: The introduction of the RV vaccination into the national immunization programme in Morocco has allowed significant reduction in the incidence and severity of RVGE among children under 5 years old

scholarly journals A putative role for homocysteine in the pathophysiology of acute bacterial meningitis in children

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roney Santos Coimbra ◽  
Bruno Frederico Aguilar Calegare ◽  
Talitah Michel Sanchez Candiani ◽  
Vânia D’Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Putative Role ◽  
Meningitis In Children

ACUTE BACTERIAL MENINGITIS IN CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 742-747
Author(s):  
Robert J. Haggerty ◽  
Mohsen Ziai
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meningitis In Children ◽  
Multiple Drugs

A controlled study of the treatment of bacterial meningitis with single and multiple, potentially antagonistic antimicrobial drugs was undertaken. Sixty-five patients received a single and 71 received several drugs in combination. The two groups were generally comparable. There was no significant difference in the results: that is antagonism could not be demonstrated in this clinical study. It seems reasonable to recommend that, in patients over 1 month of age with acute primary bacterial meningitis in whom an etiologic agent cannot be promptly identified, the use of multiple drugs aimed at the three most likely organisms (pneumococcus, meningococcus, H. influenzae) can be employed without danger of clinically apparent antagonism.

Sequelae of Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Children Treated for Seven Days

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
T. Jadavji ◽  
W. D. Biggar ◽  
R. Gold ◽  
C. G. Prober
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Acute Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B ◽  
Speech Defect ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotic ◽  
Severe Handicaps ◽  
Meningitis In Children

The sequelae of acute bacterial meningitis in children who were treated with ampicillin or chloramphenicol for seven days during the period January 1979 to June 1983 were assessed prospectively. The 235 patients (117 boys and 118 girls) ranged in age from four days to 18 years (mean 26.4 months). Haemophilus influenzae type b was isolated in 70% of patients, Streptococcus pneumoniae in 20%, and Neisseria meningitidis in 10%. The mortality rate was 6.4%. No relapses occurred. Of the 220 survivors, 171 had neurologic psychometric, audiologic, and ophthalmologic assessments performed for a minimum of 1 year following their illness. One hundred thirty-six (80%) children had no detectable sequelae; 20% had mild to severe handicaps. The frequency of sequelae was greatest among children with S pneumoniae meningitis (57%) and least among children with N meningitidis (0%). The sequelae observed included: sensorineural hearing loss (12.9%), developmental delay (5.3%), speech defect (4.7%), motor defect (3.0%), hydrocephalus (1.7%), and seizure disorder (1%). The frequency of observed sequelae among these patients is similar to that previously reported in children treated for ten to 14 days. Our findings indicate that seven days of intravenous antibiotic therapy is adequate for the treatment of bacterial meningitis in children.

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