scholarly journals Analysis of Results of Endoscopic Screening and Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Upper Digestive Tract Carcinoma More than 9 Million High-Risk Groups in Henan

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
建邦 陆
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Endoscopic Screening ◽  
Upper Digestive Tract ◽  
Analysis Of Results

Late diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus infections in high-risk groups in Karachi, Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (14) ◽  
pp. 1400-1406
Author(s):  
Zahra Hasan ◽  
Sharaf Shah ◽  
Rumina Hasan ◽  
Shoaib Rao ◽  
Manzoor Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection prevalence in Pakistan has been increasing in high-risk groups, including people who inject drugs (PWID) and transgender hijra sex workers (TG-HSWs) nationwide. Effective control of HIV requires early diagnosis of the infection. We investigated recency of HIV infections in newly-diagnosed cases in PWID and TG-HSWs. This was an observational study with convenience sampling. Overall, 210 HIV-positive subjects comprising an equal number of PWID and TG-HSWs were included. Antibody avidity was tested using the Maxim HIV-1 Limiting Antigen Avidity (LAg) EIA (Maxim Biomedical, Inc. Rockville, Maryland, USA). The mean age of study subjects was 29.5 years: PWID, 28.5 years and TG-HSWs, 30.4 years. Study subjects were married, 27%, or unmarried. Eighteen percent of individuals had recently-acquired HIV infections: 19% of PWID and 17% of TG-HSWs. Eighty-two percent of individuals had long-term HIV infections: 81% of PWID and 83% of TG-HSWs. This is the first study identification of recent HIV-1 infections in Pakistan. We show that most newly-diagnosed HIV patients in the high-risk groups studied had long-term infections. There is an urgent need for intervention in these groups to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection to reduce transmission in Pakistan.

THYMOSIN IN THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HIGH RISK HOMOSEXUALS AND HEMOPHILIACS WITH AIDS-LIKE IMMUNE DYSFUNCTION

1984 ◽  
Vol 437 (1 Acquired Immu) ◽  
pp. 88-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Naylor ◽  
Richard S. Schulof ◽  
Marcelo B. Sztein ◽  
Thomas J. Spira ◽  
Paul R. McCurdy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Immune Dysfunction ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment

scholarly journals Aggressive Posterior Retinopathy of Prematurity (AP-ROP)

2018 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Laser Treatment ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Preterm Babies

Aggressive retinopathy of prematurity (AP-ROP) has subtle clinical findings that may preclude early diagnosis and treatment. Premature infants with AP-ROP have a progressive clinical course and may benefit from early laser treatment. Although subjective in nature, plus disease, and any posterior pole changes especially at the border of the vascular and avascular retina should be carefully evaluated, keeping AP-ROP in mind in especially high-risk preterm babies.

scholarly journals Comparison of the accuracy of diagnoses of oral potentially malignant disorders with dysplasia by a general dental clinician and a specialist using the Taiwanese Nationwide Oral Mucosal Screening Program

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0244740
Author(s):  
Tien-En Chiang ◽  
Yu-Chun Lin ◽  
Chi-Tsung Wu ◽  
Cheng-Yu Yang ◽  
Sheng-Tang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgeon

Screening for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) with dysplasia in high-risk groups is suggested in countries with a high prevalence of the disorders. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of diagnoses of OPMDs with dysplasia made by a primary examiner (general dental clinician) and a specialist (oral and maxillofacial surgeon) using the current Taiwanese Nationwide Oral Mucosal Screening Program (TNOMSP). A total of 134 high-risk participants were enrolled for oral mucosal screening via the TNOMSP. A primary examiner and a specialist examined each participant. Mucosal biopsies were obtained and subjected to histopathological analysis. The OPMD most frequently diagnosed by the primary examiner was thin homogeneous leukoplakia (48/134; 35.8%), and in 39/134 participants (29.1%) the diagnosis was uncertain, but abnormalities were suggested. The OPMDs most frequently diagnosed by the specialist were erythroleukoplakia (23/134; 17.2%) and thin homogeneous leukoplakia (21/134; 15.7%), and 51/134 participants (38.1%) were diagnosed with other diseases. Via histopathology, 70/134 participants (52.3%) were diagnosed with dysplasia, and 58/134 (43.3%) were diagnosed with benign conditions. The specialist’s diagnoses exhibited a higher specificity, positive predictive value, and accuracy than the primary examiners. A specialist using the current TNOMSP for high-risk participants diagnosed OPMDs with dysplasia more accurately than a primary examiner. Early diagnosis of high-risk OPMDs is crucial in countries with a high prevalence of the disorders. Proficient examination via the current TNOMSP by trained clinician is effective for the management of OPMDs with dysplasia.

Galactosaemia

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
L B. Sardharwalla ◽  
J. E. Wraith
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Biochemical Genetics ◽  
Classical Galactosaemia ◽  
Eventual Outcome ◽  
Very High

This paper reviews galactosaemia and describes the experience of the Willink Biochemical Genetics Unit in the management of classical galactosaemia. Galactokinase and UDPgalactose-4-epimerase deficiency are dealt with briefly. The former disorder is readily treated with a galactose free diet and if this is started early in life, the only complication, cataracts, is avoided. Epimerase deficiency is a relatively ‘new’ disorder and little is known about the eventual outcome of affected patients. Early observations suggest that the prognosis is likely to be poor even in those patients diagnosed and treated soon after birth. Classical galactosaemia leads to a number of long term complications. The prognosis for normal mental development in affected patients is poor. Unfortunately this does not appear to be reversible by early diagnosis and treatment and whilst every effort should be made to establish an early diagnosis our experience suggests that there is no difference in the ultimate mental development between those who are detected within the first two weeks of life and those before the age of six weeks. In addition female homozygotes are at a very high risk of developing ovarian failure at an early age.

scholarly journals Infective Endocarditis in a Neonate

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-289
Author(s):  
Sangita Puree Dhungana ◽  
Sabina Shrestha ◽  
Sujit Kumar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Bacterial Endocarditis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
Intensive Care Monitoring

Bacterial endocarditis in neonates is a rare. Generally neonates who develop endocarditis have required the invasive intensive care monitoring necessary for the support and treatment of a high-risk nursery population.  Neonatal Infective endocarditis is usually reported as a fatal disease. With early diagnosis and treatment we can change prognosis to better side.

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