scholarly journals Implications in the health of workers in swine confinement buildings - effects on the respiratory system

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
G. C. BALKAMOS (Γ.Κ. ΜΠΑΛΚΑΜΟΣ) ◽  
S. K. KRITAS (Σ.Κ. ΚΡΗΤΑΣ) ◽  
E. D. TZIKA (Ε.Δ. ΤΖΗΚΑ) ◽  
D. S. PAPAIOANNOU (Δ.Σ. ΠΑΠΑΙΩΑΝΝΟΥ) ◽  
S. C. KYRIAKIS (Σ.K. ΚΥΡΙΑΚΗΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Organic Dust ◽  
Swine Confinement ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
Organic Dust Toxic Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Complaints

Confinement units are commonly used all over the world to raise pigs. Despite their economic advantages, their microenvironment causes severe adverse effects on the health of farm workers. Respiratory complaints which have been associated with the exposure effects of organic dust and confinement gases on humans who have long-term employment into these settings, are reviewed. These include pulmonary function changes, airways imfiammation, mucosa irritation syndrome and organic dust toxic syndrome. Furthermore, the most important zoonoses which may provoke respiratory symptoms to the swine confinement workers are briefly reviewed. It is believed that these conditions can be prevented by improving air quality, husbandry systems and adopting hygiene measures.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Adverse Effects: A Further Step towards Modernization of Acupuncture in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junyi Wu ◽  
Yanmei Hu ◽  
Yin Zhu ◽  
Ping Yin ◽  
Gerhard Litscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcome ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
The World ◽  
Organ Tissue

As a further step towards the modernization of acupuncture, the objective of this review was to figure out the frequency and severity of adverse complications and events in acupuncture treatment reported from 1980 to 2013 in China. All first-hand case reports of acupuncture-related complications and adverse events that could be identified in the scientific literature were reviewed and classified according to the type of complication and adverse event, circumstance of the event, and long-term patient outcome. The selected case reports were published between 1980 and 2013 in 3 databases. Relevant papers were collected and analyzed by 2 reviewers. Over the 33 years, 182 incidents were identified in 133 relevant papers. Internal organ, tissue, or nerve injury is the main complications of acupuncture especially for pneumothorax and central nervous system injury. Adverse effects also included syncope, infections, hemorrhage, allergy, burn, aphonia, hysteria, cough, thirst, fever, somnolence, and broken needles. Qualifying training of acupuncturists should be systemized and the clinical acupuncture operations should be standardized in order to effectively prevent the occurrence of acupuncture accidents, enhance the influence of acupuncture, and further popularize acupuncture to the rest of the world.

scholarly journals Well-Designed Studies are Needed to Assess Adverse Effects on Healthy Lung Function after Long-Term Face Masks Usage

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. e1222
Author(s):  
Arni S. R. Srinivasa-Rao ◽  
Steven G. Krantz
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
The World ◽  
Healthy Persons ◽  
Healthy Lung

Face coverings, especially cloth masks, were the critical personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic. The advantages of such masks were well understood and widely used across the world. With this idea in mind, we have reviewed the available data and literature to identify whether masks exert an untoward effect on lung function in otherwise healthy persons. Interestingly enough, we have found no well-designed studies to assess whether masks have an unintended negative consequence on healthy lung function. Moreover, we are also aware that there could exist a differential impact of facial coverings depending on the type of masks exposed to. In addition, there could also be some ethical challenges in order to implement these cohort studies. We are recommending the need for thorough evaluations of long term mask utilization.

scholarly journals Assessing the Health Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Insecticide-Treated Mosquito Nets in the Control of Malaria in Endemic Regions

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 978-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebere C. Anyanwu ◽  
John E. Ehiri ◽  
Ijeoma Kanu ◽  
Mohammed Morad ◽  
Soren Ventegodt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
World Health ◽  
Roll Back Malaria ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Infected Female ◽  
Mosquito Nets ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
The World

Malaria is a protozoan disease caused in humans by the genus Plasmodium of which four species are known:P. falciparum,P. vivax,P. ovale, andP. malariae. It is transmitted through the bite of infected female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles. Malaria is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high fever, sweating, shaking chills, and anemia. Approximately 40% of the world's population, mostly those living in the poorest nations, are at risk. Much of the deaths due to malaria occur in Africa, mostly among children. The search for prevention and control interventions that are effective and sustainable remains an abiding challenge for national governments and international health agencies. To this end, the World Health Organization and several nongovernmental organizations are investing in the use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITMNs) as a viable option. Trials of ITMNs in the 1980s and 1990s showed that they reduce deaths in young children by an average of 20% and multilateral agencies, spearheaded by Roll Back Malaria (RBM), seek to have 60% of the populations at risk sleeping under ITMNs by 2005. All pesticides are toxic by nature and present risks of adverse effects that depend on toxicity of the chemical and the degree of exposure. While there is agreement that ITMNs can be effective in reducing malaria morbidity and mortality under field trials, a number of factors relating to their sustainability and contribution to health improvement in less-developed countries have yet to be determined. In particular, the adverse effects associated with their long-term use and misuse has yet to be fully evaluated. Although this paper examines potential neurotoxic and neurobehavioral effects of long-term use of ITMNs and discusses priority public health actions for protecting the health of users, it forms the basis for further research.

scholarly journals A hosszú távú protonpumpagátló kezelés következményei felnőtteken

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 (19) ◽  
pp. 735-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iván Igaz ◽  
Gábor Simonyi ◽  
Sándor Balogh ◽  
Miklós Szathmári
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Strong Indication ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Term Adverse Effects

Abstract: In the last few decades, proton-pump inhibitors have become the mainstay of the treatment of acid-related disorders. Despite their efficacy, these drugs are not without risks. Recently several articles have been published on their long-term adverse effects. Among these adverse effects, the higher risk of bone fractures, the vitamin B12 and magnesium deficiencies and the higher risk of Clostridium difficile infection may be relevant. As these drugs are prescribed more and more frequently all over the world, the knowledge of the long-term adverse effects is very important not only for the specialists but for the general practitioners as well. In this review, the authors discuss the recent findings in this field, emphasising that the long-term use of these drugs must be based on an adequate and strong indication. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(19): 735–740.

Organic dust toxic syndrome in swine confinement farming

1999 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter F.J. Vogelzang ◽  
Joost W.J. van der Gulden ◽  
Hans Folgering ◽  
Constant P. van Schayck
Keyword(s):  
Organic Dust ◽  
Swine Confinement ◽  
Organic Dust Toxic Syndrome

Effects of Long-Term Intake of DDT on Rats

1982 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
José R.P. Cabral ◽  
Rachel K. Hall ◽  
Lorenzo Rossi ◽  
Susan A. Bronczyk ◽  
Philippe Shubik
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Malaria Control ◽  
Liver Cell ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Technical Grade ◽  
The World ◽  
Control Programmes

DDT is a pesticide used in malaria-control programmes throughout the world. Its potential carcinogenicity was studied in MRC Porton rats (Wistar-derived) which received dietary concentrations of 0, 125, 250 and 500 parts per million DDT (technical-grade) for life. The treatment had no adverse effects on body growth or survival rate. Various types of tumours were observed in animals in all groups: exposure to DDT resulted in statistically significant increased incidence of liver-cell tumours only in female treated rats; one such tumour was observed in control rats. No metastases of these tumours were found.

scholarly journals Evaluation and comparison the incidence of respiratory diseases in poultry and livestock breeders in yazd

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholam Hossein Halvani ◽  
Elham Halvani ◽  
Fatemeh Kargar ◽  
Mohammad Amrollahi
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Organic Dust ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Organic Dust Toxic Syndrome

Background and aim: Farmers that have occupational exposed to the organic dust, bacteria, endotoxin, mites, and fungi, as well as the hazardous gases such as ammonia, sulfides, hydrogen and nitrogen oxides, may be affected by allergic asthma, non-allergic rhinitis, and organic dust toxic syndrome. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and spirometry parameters between the two groups of livestock breeders and ranchers farmers.                  Material & Method:      The cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was performed in Yazd on a 300 agricultural men. The questionnaire includes demographic information including age, work experience, cigarette smoking, the type of agricultural activity and respiratory symptoms among farmers.  Pulmonary function tests of all farmers were performed in a sitting position after the animals were fed. Moreover, indicators of FVC, FEV1, FEV1 / FVC, PEF25-75 were measured. T-test test data for the logistic regression analysis was used.    Findings: The results showed that respiratory capacity in the poultry is less than livestock breeder's. Cough, sputum prevalence of respiratory symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and rhinitis in poultry was significantly higher than those in other groups were. The highest prevalence was related to nasal allergies [(OR=5.04 (2.7-9.4)]. Respiratory symptoms increased with age exception of nasal allergies. Comparison the age group showed 3.3 increased times Cough [(OR=3.3 (1.74-6.3)] and 2.5 sputum [(OR=2.5 (1.05-6.21)] in the age group 75 to 55 years age group 34-20 years, respectively. the prevalence of respiratory symptoms was higher in smokers than non-smokers, so that the incidence of cough, sputum, shortness of breath, wheezing and rinite allergic the This group, , 64/1, 5/1, 46/1, 7/1 and 75/1 times more than non-smokers respectively but this association was not statistically significant.           Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of respiratory symptoms in farmers, agricultural mechanization promotion of health knowledge of farmers by implementing appropriate training programs is necessary. Keywords: Respiratory disorders, Farmers, Poultry, livestock breeders, Spirometry

Thoughts on the Long-Term Strategy, Science and Democracy

2006 ◽  
pp. 4-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Abalkin
Keyword(s):  
Strategy Development ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
World Development ◽  
Crucial Condition

The article covers unified issues of the long-term strategy development, the role of science as well as democracy development in present-day Russia. The problems of budget proficit, the Stabilization Fund issues, implementation of the adopted national projects, an increasing role of regions in strengthening the integrity and prosperity of the country are analyzed. The author reveals that the protection of businessmen and citizens from the all-embracing power of bureaucrats is the crucial condition of democratization of the society. Global trends of the world development and expert functions of the Russian science are presented as well.

Coal's Persistence in the Capitalist World-Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul K. Gellert ◽  
Paul S. Ciccantell
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Ecological Modernization ◽  
World Systems ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Capitalist World Economy ◽  
Capitalist World

Predominant analyses of energy offer insufficient theoretical and political-economic insight into the persistence of coal and other fossil fuels. The dominant narrative of coal powering the Industrial Revolution, and Great Britain's world dominance in the nineteenth century giving way to a U.S.- and oil-dominated twentieth century, is marred by teleological assumptions. The key assumption that a complete energy “transition” will occur leads some to conceive of a renewable-energy-dominated twenty-first century led by China. After critiquing the teleological assumptions of modernization, ecological modernization, energetics, and even world-systems analysis of energy “transition,” this paper offers a world-systems perspective on the “raw” materialism of coal. Examining the material characteristics of coal and the unequal structure of the world-economy, the paper uses long-term data from governmental and private sources to reveal the lack of transition as new sources of energy are added. The increases in coal consumption in China and India as they have ascended in the capitalist world-economy have more than offset the leveling-off and decline in some core nations. A true global peak and decline (let alone full substitution) in energy generally and coal specifically has never happened. The future need not repeat the past, but technical, policy, and movement approaches will not get far without addressing the structural imperatives of capitalist growth and the uneven power structures and processes of long-term change of the world-system.

Covid-19 and Mining industry

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.B. Kondratiev
Keyword(s):  
Mining Industry ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
The World ◽  
Commodity Demand ◽  
Long Term Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the commodity markets and mining industry around the world in different ways. Mining company’s operations have been hit by coronavirus outbreaks and government-mandated production stops. Demand for many commodities remains low. This paper examines the potential long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on future commodity demand, mining prospects, as well as tactical and strategic steps by mining companies to overcome the current crisis quickly and effectively.

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