scholarly journals Recent advances in non-surgical management of cancer in the elderly

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1793
Author(s):  
Emily J. Guerard ◽  
Gil E. Harmon ◽  
Kieran D. Sahasrabudhe ◽  
Noelle K. LoConte
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents

This article summarizes the seminal publications from mid-2016 through 2017 in the area of medical care for older adults with cancer. Areas addressed include chemotherapy tolerance and efficacy in the aged, geriatric fitness assessments, and advancements in palliative and supportive care. The practice-changing finding from this past year’s publications is that antipsychotics should not be used in the management of terminal delirium in older adults receiving palliative care. The other trials demonstrated an improved understanding of the utility of geriatric assessments in patients with cancer, developed the body of information about which chemotherapy agents are safe and effective in older adults (and which are not), and expanded our understanding of good palliative and supportive care.

scholarly journals Smart Wearable Sensors Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Personal Healthcare Monitoring

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Ruonan Li ◽  
Xuelian Wei ◽  
Jiahui Xu ◽  
Junhuan Chen ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Personal Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Monitoring ◽  
Smart Wearable

Accurate monitoring of motion and sleep states is critical for human health assessment, especially for a healthy life, early diagnosis of diseases, and medical care. In this work, a smart wearable sensor (SWS) based on a dual-channel triboelectric nanogenerator was presented for a real-time health monitoring system. The SWS can be worn on wrists, ankles, shoes, or other parts of the body and cloth, converting mechanical triggers into electrical output. By analyzing these signals, the SWS can precisely and constantly monitor and distinguish various motion states, including stepping, walking, running, and jumping. Based on the SWS, a fall-down alarm system and a sleep quality assessment system were constructed to provide personal healthcare monitoring and alert family members or doctors via communication devices. It is important for the healthy growth of the young and special patient groups, as well as for the health monitoring and medical care of the elderly and recovered patients. This work aimed to broaden the paths for remote biological movement status analysis and provide diversified perspectives for true-time and long-term health monitoring, simultaneously.

scholarly journals Percepção da imagem corporal e indicadores antropométricos e de composição corporal associados em idosos

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 525-534
Author(s):  
Iasmim Batista Correia ◽  
Nathalie De Almeida Silva ◽  
Paulo Granges e Silva ◽  
Tarciana Nobre de Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Image ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Image Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Body Image Perception

Aging leads to psychological losses and various physical changes that, associated with body-stereotyped patterns imposed by society, can cause disturbances in the body image perception (BIP) in the elderly. The aim of this study was to evaluate BIP in older adults living in the city of Campina Grande / PB and its relationship with different anthropometric and body composition indicators. This cross-sectional study was carried out with older adults of both sexes enrolled in the Family Health Strategy of Campina Grande, PB. BIP was considered as a dependent variable and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triceps skinfold (TSF), and arm fat area (AFA) as independent variables. The association between BIP and anthropometric indicators was verified using the Pearson chi-square test (X²), simple and multiple logistic regression, with significance level of p <0.05. Overall, 420 older adults were interviewed (68.1% women), of whom 409 reported their actual body image perception. Regarding the perception of idealized body image, 11 individuals did not respond and 230 were satisfied, since 179 desired another silhouette. Individuals with BMI indicative of overweight / obesity were more likely of showing body image dissatisfaction compared to those with normal weight. Subjects with excessive TSF showed greater body image dissatisfaction in relation to those with normal weight. Women were more likely of showing body image dissatisfaction. Thus, it was observed that variables BMI, TSF and sex were independently associated with body image satisfaction.

Biomechanical constraints to stair negotiation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos Maganaris ◽  
Vasilios Baltzopoulos ◽  
David Jones ◽  
Irene Di Giulio ◽  
Neil Reeves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dynamic Stability ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Centre Of Pressure ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Stair Negotiation ◽  
Biomechanical Constraints

This chapter discusses strategies that older and younger people employ to negotiate stairs based on experiments performed on an instrumented staircase in lab environment aiming at identifying ways to reduce stair fall risk for the elderly. Stair negotiation was found to be more demanding for the knee and ankle joint muscles in older than younger adults, with the demand increasing further when the step-rise was higher. During descent of stairs with higher step-rises, older adults shifted the centre of mass (COM) posteriorly, behind the centre of pressure (COP) to prevent forward falling. A decreased step-going resulted in a slower descent of the centre of mass in the older adults and standing on a single leg for longer than younger adults. A greater reliance on the handrails and rotation of the body in the direction of the handrail was also observed when the step-going was decreased during descent, which allowed this task to be performed with better dynamic stability, by maintaining the COM closer to the COP. These findings have important implications for stair design and exercise programs aiming at improving safety on stairs for the elderly.

Using a supportive care framework to understand and improve palliative care among cancer patients in Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Busolo ◽  
Roberta L. Woodgate
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Palliative Care Services

ABSTRACTObjective:Cancer incidence and mortality are increasing in Africa, which is leading to greater demands for palliative care. There has been little progress in terms of research, pain management, and policies related to palliative care. Palliative care in Africa is scarce and scattered, with most African nations lacking the basic services. To address these needs, a guiding framework that identifies care needs and directs palliative care services could be utilized. Therefore, using the supportive care framework developed by Fitch (Fitch, 2009), we here review the literature on palliative care for patients diagnosed with cancer in Africa and make recommendations for improvement.Method:The PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, Social Sciences Citation Index, and Medline databases were searched. Some 25 English articles on research from African countries published between 2004 and 2014 were selected and reviewed. The reviewed literature was analyzed and presented using the domains of the supportive care framework.Results:Palliative care patients with cancer in Africa, their families, and caregivers experience increasing psychological, physical, social, spiritual, emotional, informational, and practical needs. Care needs are often inadequately addressed because of a lack of awareness as well as deficient and scattered palliative care services and resources. In addition, there is sparse research, education, and policies that address the dire situation in palliative care.Significance of Results:Our review findings add to the existing body of knowledge demonstrating that palliative care patients with cancer in Africa experience disturbing care needs in all domains of the supportive care framework. To better assess and address these needs, holistic palliative care that is multidomain and multi-professional could be utilized. This approach needs to be individualized and to offer better access to services and information. In addition, research, education, and policies around palliative care for cancer patients in Africa could be more comprehensive if they were based on the domains of the supportive care framework.

Supportive Care Considerations for Older Adults With Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (24) ◽  
pp. 2627-2634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Naeim ◽  
Matti Aapro ◽  
Rashmi Subbarao ◽  
Lodovico Balducci
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Lifestyle Management ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Age Appropriate

The treatment of cancer presents specific concerns that are unique to the growing demographic of elderly patients. Because the incidence of cancer is strongly correlated with aging, the expansion of supportive care and other age-appropriate therapies will be of great importance as the population of elderly patients with cancer increases in the coming years. Elderly patients are especially likely to experience febrile neutropenia, complications from chemotherapy-induced nausea, anemia, osteoporosis (especially in patients diagnosed with breast or prostate cancer), depression, insomnia, and fatigue. These issues are often complicated by other chronic conditions related to age, such as diabetes and cardiac disease. For many patients, symptoms may be addressed both through lifestyle management and pharmaceutical approaches. Therefore, the key to improving quality of life for the elderly patient with cancer is an awareness of their specific needs and a familiarity with emergent treatment options.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of the Status of Supportive-Palliative Care Provision in Iran and Selected Countries: Strengths and Weaknesses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
pouran raeissi ◽  
mohammad salimi ◽  
Seyed-Masoud Hashemi ◽  
nahid Reisi ◽  
seyed ahmad ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Data Collection Tool ◽  
The Status

Abstract Background: Terminally illnesses such as cancer, AIDS, dementia, and advanced heart disease will require special supportive and palliative care, although a few numbers of these patients are provided with these services.Objective: The present study was conducted aiming to perform a comparative study of supportive-palliative care provision in selected countries.Methods: This research was a descriptive-comparative study that its research population was the frameworks of palliative and supportive care provision in Egypt, Turkey, America, Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, and China. These frameworks were compared across 6 dimensions of service receivers, financing, providers, service provider centers, type of services provided and training. Data collection tool has included checklist and information sources, documents, evidence, articles, books and journals collected through the internet and organizations related to the health information of selected countries and by library search. Data was investigated and analyzed using data collection tool and checklists.Findings: The findings showed that the developed countries having decentralized trusteeship structure had a more favorable status in palliative and supportive care provision. The type of services provided was a combination of mental, psychological, social, spiritual, financial, and physical and communication services. Provider centers included hospital, the elderly, and cancer, and charity centers.Conclusion: Regarding the investigation and recognition of the status of supportive-palliative care provision, it was observed that the provision of these services was a concern of the selected countries, but they did not have a defined model or pattern to provide these services. Therefore, it is suggested that each country takes a step to redesign and define frameworks and structures in the evolution of supportive-palliative cares in accordance with the particular conditions, indigenous culture, religion and other effective cases of that country and pays special attention to the role and position of supportive-palliative cares.

scholarly journals Two case reports of pneumatosis intestinalis in patients with cancer: is surgical management mandatory?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-241
Author(s):  
In Hwan Yeo ◽  
Yun Jeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Mesenteric Ischemia ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Pneumatosis Intestinalis ◽  
Anticancer Therapy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anticancer Chemotherapy ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
The One

Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) can be classified into two groups. Primary PI is idiopathic, and patients can recover spontaneously. In contrast, secondary PI is considered fatal due to the high mortality rate associated with mesenteric ischemia. Herein, we describe two patients with PI and concurrent pneumoperitoneum. Both patients were receiving targeted anticancer therapy, yet neither developed abdominal pain nor fatal symptoms. One of the patients underwent surgery, while the other was managed conservatively. Even though there were no complications, the patient who underwent surgery was hospitalized for 34 days, whereas the one who was managed conservatively was hospitalized for only five days. Usually, patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy are immunosuppressed and susceptible to infections. Therefore, based on the patients’ clinical features, surgical management of patients with cancer who develop PI after receiving anticancer chemotherapy should be done prudently.

Palliative Thoracic Surgery

2019 ◽  
pp. 183-202
Author(s):  
Yvonne M. Carter ◽  
Rebecca Carr ◽  
John P. Anagnostakos ◽  
Mark R. Katlic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Thoracic Surgery ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Symptom Management ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
The Elderly

Longer life expectancy has resulted in the elderly making up the largest proportion of the population. As a result, medical care has trended toward focusing on wellness, quality of life, and symptom relief in addition to curative therapies. Palliative care is dedicated to improving overall patient quality of life by providing treatment focused on symptom management rather than cure. A greater appreciation for palliative care has expanded the field to include multiple specialties, including surgery. Undoubtedly, palliative interventions are an important part of the thoracic surgeon’s armamentarium, considering the innumerable malignancies—primary and metastatic—as well as the proportion of elderly patients in this patient cohort.

scholarly journals Cordotomy for treatment of cancer-related pain: patient selection and intervention timing

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. E6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Viswanathan ◽  
Eduardo Bruera
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Patient Selection ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pain Patient ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study

Many neurosurgical interventions for the management of cancer-related pain have been tried, but their role in today's advanced supportive and palliative care is not well described. The authors discuss the current knowledge gaps that prevent successful integration of neurosurgical interventions and patients with cancer-related pain. Two patients underwent percutaneous CT-guided cordotomy for refractory cancer-related pain: one patient had melanoma and the other had ovarian carcinoma. Both patients seemed to have unilateral, somatic, nociceptive cancer-related pain. Cordotomy was effective for only 1 patient. Percutaneous CT-guided cordotomy is a low-risk intervention that can benefit carefully selected patients with cancer-related pain. There is a clear need for prospective controlled studies to evaluate the effectiveness of cordotomy for patients receiving optimal medical treatment. A multidisciplinary study design could help to identify factors correlated with a positive outcome.

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