Microspore Mutagenesis and In Vitro Selection for Resistance to Soft Rot Disease in Chinese Cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis).

ABSTRACTThe abilities of endophytic bacteria from potato roots and tubers to suppress soft rot disease (Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora) in potato tuberSoft rot disease caused by Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora is one of limiting factors in cultivation and post harvest of potato. The eco-friendly control measure that can be developed for controlling the diseases is biological control. Microbes that are potential as biological control agents include endophytic bacteria. This paper discussed the results of study examining the potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from roots and tubers of potato to inhibit the growth of E. carotovora pv. carotovora in vitro and suppress soft rot disease in potato tuber. The results showed that among 24 isolates examined, four isolates of endophytic bacteria (one isolate from potato tuber and three isolates from potato roots) inhibited the growth of E. carotovora pv. carotovora in vitro with inhibition zone 3.5-6.8 mm. In the in vivo test, the isolates inhibited the soft rot disease in potato tuber by 71.5-86.4%. The isolate that tended to show relatively better inhibition in vitro and in vivo was isolate from potato tuber which is CK U3 (Lysinibacillus sp.)Keywords: Biological control, Endophytic bacteria, Post-harvest, Potato, Soft rot diseaseABSTRAKPenyakit busuk lunak yang disebabkan bakteri Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora, merupakan salah satu kendala dalam budidaya dan pascapanen kentang. Cara pengendalian ramah lingkungan yang dapat dikembangkan untuk menekan penyakit tersebut adalah pengendalian biologi. Kelompok mikroba yang berpotensi sebagi agens pengendali biologi adalah bakteri endofit. Artikel ini mendiskusikan potensi isolat bakteri endofit yang berasal dari ubi dan akar kentang untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. carotovora pv. carotovora secara in vitro dan menekan perkembangan penyakit busuk lunak pada ubi kentang. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa diantara 24 isolat bakteri yang diuji, terdapat empat isolat bakteri endofit (satu isolat dari ubi kentang dan tiga isolat dari akar kentang) yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. carotovora pv. carotovora secara in vitro dengan zona penghambatan sebesar 3,5-6,8 mm. Pada pengujian secara in vivo, isolat-isolat tersebut dapat menekan perkembangan penyakit busuk lunak pada ubi kentang sebesar 71,5-86,4%. Isolat yang cenderung menunjukkan penghambatan relatif lebih baik secara in vitro dan in vivo adalah isolat bakteri endofit asal ubi kentang yaitu isolat CK U3 (Lysinibacillus sp.).Kata Kunci: Pengendalian biologi, Bakteri endofit, Pascapanen, Kentang, Penyakit busuk basah

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Effect of some chemicals on incidence of poato soft rot disease in Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research ◽

10.3329/bjsir.v52i2.32936 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 135-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MM Rahman ◽

AA Khan ◽

IH Mian ◽

AM Akanda ◽

MZ Alam

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Boric Acid ◽

Soft Rot ◽

Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽

Potato Tubers ◽

Soft Rot Disease ◽

Bleaching Powder ◽

Carotovorum Subsp ◽

Rot Disease

Bactericidal effect was investigated by chemicals against potato soft rot bacteria in vitro and in storage. The chemicals were acetic acid, boric acid, bleaching powder, lactic acid, calcium hydroxide, calcium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium hypo-chloride. Among eight chemicals only three chemicals viz. acetic acid, boric acid and bleaching powder showed bactericidal activity against potato soft rot bacteria Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (E. carotovora subsp. carotovora) P-138 in vitro. Based on the results of in vitro experiment three chemicals, acetic acid, boric acid and bleaching powder were used to control soft rot disease of potato in storage. Fresh potato tubers were dipped in 0.2% solution/suspensions of acetic acid, boric acid and bleaching powder for 30 min. Then soft rot bacteria Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum P-138 was inoculated on potato. Finally potatoes were stored for 22 weeks in net bags in sterilized condition. All the three chemicals significantly decreased the infection rate, loss in weight and increased percentage of disease reduction (PDR) of potato. Boric acid was the most effective in controlling the soft rot disease of potato in storage followed by acetic acid and bleaching powder. So these chemicals may be used for seed purpose storage of potato tubers for year round storage at farmers level.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(2), 135-140, 2017

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Enhancement of tolerance to soft rot disease in the transgenic Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) inbred line, Kenshin

Plant Cell Reports ◽

10.1007/s00299-009-0757-4 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 28 (10) ◽

pp. 1581-1591 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Enkhchimeg Vanjildorj ◽

Seo Young Song ◽

Zhi Hong Yang ◽

Jae Eul Choi ◽

Yoo Sun Noh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brassica Rapa ◽

Inbred Line ◽

Chinese Cabbage ◽

Soft Rot ◽

Soft Rot Disease ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Transgenic Chinese Cabbage

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Impact of silver nanoparticles and two biological treatments to control soft rot disease in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L)

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control ◽

10.1186/s41938-020-00347-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nasr A. Ghazy ◽

Omnia A. Abd El-Hafez ◽

A. M. El-Bakery ◽

Dalia I. H. El-Geddawy

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Sugar Beet ◽

Beta Vulgaris ◽

Soft Rot ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Ag Nps ◽

Soft Rot Disease ◽

Biological Treatments ◽

Rot Disease

Abstract Background Soft rot disease caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum was observed in various crops which lead to yield shortages and economic losses. Main body Therefore, both in vitro and in vivo experiments, aim to assess the effect of nanoparticles and biological treatments to control soft rot disease in sugar beet plant. The treatments comprised three silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) concentrations (50, 75, and 100 ppm), three Spirulina platensis extract concentrations (50, 75, and 100%), and Bacillus subtilis (1 × 109 CFU ml) 100%. Under in vitro condation, results of the antibacterial activity showed that the zones of inhibition recorded 4.33 cm for 100 ppm Ag NPs, 0.43 cm for 100% algal extract, and 0.2 cm for bacterial treatments. Also, disease incidence % of bacterial soft rot was significantly decreased in all treatments in pot and field experiments. For resistant enzymes activity, B. subtilis 100% showed the most effect (84 mg min−1), followed by S. platensis extract 75%, (57 mg min−1), and Ag NPs 75 ppm (44 mg min−1), for poly phenol oxidase (PPO) at 81 days after sowing (DAS), but at 102 DAS revealed opposite results. On the contrary, peroxidase (PO) at 81 DAS showed different effects where treatment with S. platensis extract 100% increased it significantly (0.546 mg min−1) compared to control (0.535 mg min−1). The same trend was observed at 102 DAS. These results were reflected on sugar quality where Ag NPs 100 ppm treatment recorded the highest significant value (20.5%) followed by S. platensis 75% (19 %); however, the differences among them were not statistically significant. Conclusion This study indicated that the potential benefits of using silver nanoparticles and two biological treatments to control soft rot disease in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L).

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Bacteriophage cocktails displayed protective effects against soft rot-causing Pectobacterium sp.

10.1101/2021.11.15.468558 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aeron Jade Salinas Parena ◽

Benji Brayan Ilagan Silva ◽

Rae Mark L Mercado ◽

Adelbert Adrian A Sendon ◽

Freddiewebb B Signabon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Practices ◽

Soft Rot ◽

Effective Control ◽

Vegetable Production ◽

Protective Effects ◽

In Planta ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Soft Rot Disease ◽

Rot Disease

Soft rot caused by Pectobacterium spp. is responsible for significant losses in vegetable production worldwide. Methods for the effective control of this disease are limited and are primarily based on good agricultural practices. The use of phages as biocontrol agents appears to be a promising alternative to combat phytopathogens. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of lytic phages against soft rot caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. Designated as PPc_A3, PPc_D1, and PPc_J3, three bacteriophage isolates, which were recovered from symptomatic tissues and environmental samples, were observed to effectively lyse P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. PPc_A3 belongs to the Podoviridae family, while phages PPc_D1 and PPc_J3 belong to the Myoviridae family based on the morphological features of the virions as observed using transmission electron microscopy. The optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) differed greatly among the three phages. All survived incubations at 30°C, 40°C and 50°C and at pH ranging from 3.0 to 9.0, but were all inactivated at 60°C and at pH 12. Both monophage and cocktail preparations were effective in inhibiting the growth of P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum in in vitro challenge tests. In the semi-in planta assays, monophage treatments resulted in significant reduction of tissue maceration in potato slices, while treatment with cocktail preparations completely inhibited the development of soft rot disease. Overall, these results demonstrate the efficacy of cocktail formulations of phages PPc_A3, PPc_D1, and PPc_J3 for the biocontrol of soft rot disease caused by P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum.

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001 Establishment of Methods in Evaluating the Susceptibility of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica campestris spp.) to Soft Rot Disease by Erwinia

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.34.3.440 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 440-441

Author(s):

Won Jun ◽

Soo-Seong Lee ◽

Jongkee Kim

Keyword(s):

Chinese Cabbage ◽

Large Scale ◽

Erwinia Carotovora ◽

Soft Rot ◽

Experimental Plant ◽

Bacterial Soft Rot ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Inoculation Methods ◽

Soft Rot Disease ◽

Rot Disease

Three inoculation methods, including cutting of a leaf, drenching, and point inoculation, were compared in an effort to screen the susceptibility of Chinese cabbage to soft rot disease caused by Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora. Three- to 4-week-old seedlings from 10 lines of cabbage with 16-h-old bacterial culture were routinely used. Inoculated seedlings were kept at 25.0 ± 10.0 °C for 48 h with saturated water vapor using a plastic tunnel in a greenhouse. Sixty-day-old mature plants were produced and inoculated in a greenhouse. Severity of symptoms, which were observed from percentage of plant infected was scored as from 1 to 9, representing resistant to susceptible, respectively. The correlation between seedlings and mature plants from ten lines was evaluated among the three different inoculation methods. Point inoculation gave the most significant correlation (r = 0.843, P < 0.05) between seedlings and mature plants. A good correlation was also observed between point inoculation of seedlings and drenching of mature plants (r = 0.609, P < 0.05). Cutting of a leaf of seedlings was also correlated with point inoculation of mature plants (r = 0.609, P < 0.05). This method provides the advantage of being able to keep the experimental plant alive, as only one leaf is detached. The point inoculation method is simple and relatively sensitive, so it could be used for large-scale screening for this bacterial soft rot disease. From three different evaluation assays, it was concluded that the breeding lines, C3-28, C3-29 from Cornell Univ. (Geneva, N.Y.) and the cultivar Kweonsim319 were relatively resistant to bacterial soft rot, while the Cornell breeding line CC-25 and the `Rang-no' cultivar were relatively susceptible.

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Calcium-mediated reduction of soft rot disease in Chinese cabbage

European Journal of Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s10658-016-0980-0 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 147 (1) ◽

pp. 73-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kátia Cilene da Silva Felix ◽

Cristiane Lima da Silva ◽

Willams José de Oliveira ◽

Rosa de Lima Ramos Mariano ◽

Elineide Barbosa de Souza

Keyword(s):

Chinese Cabbage ◽

Soft Rot ◽

Soft Rot Disease ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Mediated Reduction

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Biological control of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, the causal agent of bacterial soft rot in vegetables, in vitro and in vivo tests

Bulletin of the National Research Centre ◽

10.1186/s42269-021-00491-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hassan Abd-El-Khair ◽

Tarek G. Abdel-Gaied ◽

Maurice S. Mikhail ◽

Ahmed I. Abdel-Alim ◽

Hamdy I. Seif El-Nasr

Keyword(s):

Potato Tuber ◽

Soft Rot ◽

Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽

Bacterial Soft Rot ◽

Potato Tubers ◽

Soft Rot Disease ◽

In Vivo Tests ◽

Rot Disease

Abstract Background Several chemical bactericides were applied for controlling soft rot bacteria, Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, which causes the destructive soft rot disease to many economically important vegetables, but because of their toxic hazards on human and environment became limit. The biocontrol was applied to control many plant pathogens. Therefore, this work is aimed to study the antagonistic activity of bacterial agents, i.e. Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens, and fugal agents, i.e. Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma virens, to control bacterial soft rot disease under in vitro and in vivo tests. Results The tested treatments could protect the potato tubers against the development of soft rot. T. viride and T. virens were highly effective in reducing soft rot symptoms on inoculated potato tuber slices, when applied at the same time or 2 h before pathogen inoculation, while B. megaterium and T. harzianum were highly effective when applied at the same time or 2 h after pathogen inoculation. In whole potato tubers technique, B.pumilus highly protected the stored potato tuber under artificially infection conditions, than P. fluorescens, T. harzianum, B. subtilis, T. viride, T. virens and B. megaterium, respectively. Conclusion Application of fungal agents or specify the bacterial species can play an important role in controlling bacterial soft rot disease in vegetables and increase the stored periods of potato tubers under storage conditions without any toxic effects.

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