scholarly journals Impact of silver nanoparticles and two biological treatments to control soft rot disease in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasr A. Ghazy ◽  
Omnia A. Abd El-Hafez ◽  
A. M. El-Bakery ◽  
Dalia I. H. El-Geddawy
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Soft Rot Disease ◽  
Biological Treatments ◽  
Rot Disease

Abstract Background Soft rot disease caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum was observed in various crops which lead to yield shortages and economic losses. Main body Therefore, both in vitro and in vivo experiments, aim to assess the effect of nanoparticles and biological treatments to control soft rot disease in sugar beet plant. The treatments comprised three silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) concentrations (50, 75, and 100 ppm), three Spirulina platensis extract concentrations (50, 75, and 100%), and Bacillus subtilis (1 × 109 CFU ml) 100%. Under in vitro condation, results of the antibacterial activity showed that the zones of inhibition recorded 4.33 cm for 100 ppm Ag NPs, 0.43 cm for 100% algal extract, and 0.2 cm for bacterial treatments. Also, disease incidence % of bacterial soft rot was significantly decreased in all treatments in pot and field experiments. For resistant enzymes activity, B. subtilis 100% showed the most effect (84 mg min−1), followed by S. platensis extract 75%, (57 mg min−1), and Ag NPs 75 ppm (44 mg min−1), for poly phenol oxidase (PPO) at 81 days after sowing (DAS), but at 102 DAS revealed opposite results. On the contrary, peroxidase (PO) at 81 DAS showed different effects where treatment with S. platensis extract 100% increased it significantly (0.546 mg min−1) compared to control (0.535 mg min−1). The same trend was observed at 102 DAS. These results were reflected on sugar quality where Ag NPs 100 ppm treatment recorded the highest significant value (20.5%) followed by S. platensis 75% (19 %); however, the differences among them were not statistically significant. Conclusion This study indicated that the potential benefits of using silver nanoparticles and two biological treatments to control soft rot disease in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L).

scholarly journals Kemampuan Bakteri Endofit Akar dan Ubi Kentang untuk Menekan Penyakit Busuk Lunak (Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora) pada Ubi

Agrikultura ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Istifadah ◽  
Muhamad Salman Umar ◽  
Sudarjat Sudarjat ◽  
Luciana Djaya
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Soft Rot Disease ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Rot Disease

ABSTRACTThe abilities of endophytic bacteria from potato roots and tubers to suppress soft rot disease (Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora) in potato tuberSoft rot disease caused by Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora is one of limiting factors in cultivation and post harvest of potato. The eco-friendly control measure that can be developed for controlling the diseases is biological control. Microbes that are potential as biological control agents include endophytic bacteria. This paper discussed the results of study examining the potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from roots and tubers of potato to inhibit the growth of E. carotovora pv. carotovora in vitro and suppress soft rot disease in potato tuber. The results showed that among 24 isolates examined, four isolates of endophytic bacteria (one isolate from potato tuber and three isolates from potato roots) inhibited the growth of E. carotovora pv. carotovora in vitro with inhibition zone 3.5-6.8 mm. In the in vivo test, the isolates inhibited the soft rot disease in potato tuber by 71.5-86.4%. The isolate that tended to show relatively better inhibition in vitro and in vivo was isolate from potato tuber which is CK U3 (Lysinibacillus sp.)Keywords: Biological control, Endophytic bacteria, Post-harvest, Potato, Soft rot diseaseABSTRAKPenyakit busuk lunak yang disebabkan bakteri Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora, merupakan salah satu kendala dalam budidaya dan pascapanen kentang. Cara pengendalian ramah lingkungan yang dapat dikembangkan untuk menekan penyakit tersebut adalah pengendalian biologi. Kelompok mikroba yang berpotensi sebagi agens pengendali biologi adalah bakteri endofit. Artikel ini mendiskusikan potensi isolat bakteri endofit yang berasal dari ubi dan akar kentang untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. carotovora pv. carotovora secara in vitro dan menekan perkembangan penyakit busuk lunak pada ubi kentang. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa diantara 24 isolat bakteri yang diuji, terdapat empat isolat bakteri endofit (satu isolat dari ubi kentang dan tiga isolat dari akar kentang) yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E. carotovora pv. carotovora secara in vitro dengan zona penghambatan sebesar 3,5-6,8 mm. Pada pengujian secara in vivo, isolat-isolat tersebut dapat menekan perkembangan penyakit busuk lunak pada ubi kentang sebesar 71,5-86,4%. Isolat yang cenderung menunjukkan penghambatan relatif lebih baik secara in vitro dan in vivo adalah isolat bakteri endofit asal ubi kentang yaitu isolat CK U3 (Lysinibacillus sp.).Kata Kunci: Pengendalian biologi, Bakteri endofit, Pascapanen, Kentang, Penyakit busuk basah

scholarly journals Effect of some chemicals on incidence of poato soft rot disease in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
AA Khan ◽  
IH Mian ◽  
AM Akanda ◽  
MZ Alam
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Soft Rot Disease ◽  
Bleaching Powder ◽  
Carotovorum Subsp ◽  
Rot Disease

Bactericidal effect was investigated by chemicals against potato soft rot bacteria in vitro and in storage. The chemicals were acetic acid, boric acid, bleaching powder, lactic acid, calcium hydroxide, calcium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium hypo-chloride. Among eight  chemicals only three chemicals viz. acetic acid, boric acid and bleaching powder showed bactericidal activity against potato soft rot bacteria  Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (E. carotovora subsp. carotovora) P-138 in vitro. Based on the results of in vitro experiment three chemicals, acetic acid, boric acid and bleaching powder were used to control soft rot disease of potato in storage. Fresh potato tubers were dipped in 0.2% solution/suspensions of acetic acid, boric acid and bleaching powder for 30 min. Then soft rot bacteria Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum P-138 was inoculated on potato. Finally potatoes were stored for 22 weeks in net bags in sterilized condition. All the three chemicals significantly decreased the infection rate, loss in weight and increased percentage of disease reduction (PDR) of potato. Boric acid was the most effective in controlling the soft rot disease of potato in storage followed by acetic acid and bleaching powder. So these chemicals may be used for seed purpose storage of potato tubers for year round storage at farmer’s level.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(2), 135-140, 2017

scholarly journals Pectobacterium atrosepticum Biosensor for Monitoring Blackleg and Soft Rot Disease of Potato

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdis Hashemi Tameh ◽  
Elisabetta Primiceri ◽  
Maria Serena Chiriacò ◽  
Palmiro Poltronieri ◽  
Masoud Bahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Pectobacterium Atrosepticum ◽  
Soft Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

Pectobacterium atrosepticum (Pba) is a quarantine and threatening phytopathogen known as the causal agent of blackleg and soft rot disease of potatoes in many areas. Its early detection is then important to have healthy potato tubers and reduce economic losses. Today, conventional methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent-assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are typically used for Pba detection, but they are expensive and time-consuming. Here we report on the optimization of an alternative approach based on an electrochemical impedance immunosensor combining a microfluidic module and a microelectrodes array, and having advantages in terms of low cost, ease of use and portability. For validation and for assessing its performance, the lab-on-chip platform has been compared with two standard methods (ELISA and PCR).

scholarly journals Bacteriophage cocktails displayed protective effects against soft rot-causing Pectobacterium sp.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aeron Jade Salinas Parena ◽  
Benji Brayan Ilagan Silva ◽  
Rae Mark L Mercado ◽  
Adelbert Adrian A Sendon ◽  
Freddiewebb B Signabon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Soft Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

Soft rot caused by Pectobacterium spp. is responsible for significant losses in vegetable production worldwide. Methods for the effective control of this disease are limited and are primarily based on good agricultural practices. The use of phages as biocontrol agents appears to be a promising alternative to combat phytopathogens. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of lytic phages against soft rot caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. Designated as PPc_A3, PPc_D1, and PPc_J3, three bacteriophage isolates, which were recovered from symptomatic tissues and environmental samples, were observed to effectively lyse P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. PPc_A3 belongs to the Podoviridae family, while phages PPc_D1 and PPc_J3 belong to the Myoviridae family based on the morphological features of the virions as observed using transmission electron microscopy. The optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) differed greatly among the three phages. All survived incubations at 30°C, 40°C and 50°C and at pH ranging from 3.0 to 9.0, but were all inactivated at 60°C and at pH 12. Both monophage and cocktail preparations were effective in inhibiting the growth of P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum in in vitro challenge tests. In the semi-in planta assays, monophage treatments resulted in significant reduction of tissue maceration in potato slices, while treatment with cocktail preparations completely inhibited the development of soft rot disease. Overall, these results demonstrate the efficacy of cocktail formulations of phages PPc_A3, PPc_D1, and PPc_J3 for the biocontrol of soft rot disease caused by P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum.

scholarly journals Bacterial Infection Potato Tuber Soft Rot Disease Detection Based on Electronic Nose

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Chang ◽  
Jianhua Lv ◽  
Hongyan Qi ◽  
Yunhai Ma ◽  
Donghui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Sampling Device ◽  
Soft Rot Disease ◽  
Svm Algorithm ◽  
Rot Disease

AbstractSoft rot is a severe bacterial disease of potatoes, and soft rot infection can cause significant economic losses during the storage period of potatoes. In this study, potato soft rot was selected as the research object, and a type of potato tuber soft rot disease early detection method based on the electronic nose technology was proposed. An optimized bionic electronic nose gas chamber and a scientific and reasonable sampling device were designed to detect a change in volatile substances of the infected soft rot disease of potato tuber. The infection of soft rot disease in potato tuber samples was detected and identified by using the RBF NN algorithm and SVM algorithm. The results revealed that the proposed bionic electronic nose system can be utilized for early detection of potato tuber soft rot disease. Through comparison and analysis, the recognition rate using the SVM algorithm reached up to 89.7%, and the results were superior to the RBF NN algorithm.

scholarly journals Biological control of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, the causal agent of bacterial soft rot in vegetables, in vitro and in vivo tests

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Abd-El-Khair ◽  
Tarek G. Abdel-Gaied ◽  
Maurice S. Mikhail ◽  
Ahmed I. Abdel-Alim ◽  
Hamdy I. Seif El-Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽  
Bacterial Soft Rot ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Soft Rot Disease ◽  
In Vivo Tests ◽  
Rot Disease

Abstract Background Several chemical bactericides were applied for controlling soft rot bacteria, Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, which causes the destructive soft rot disease to many economically important vegetables, but because of their toxic hazards on human and environment became limit. The biocontrol was applied to control many plant pathogens. Therefore, this work is aimed to study the antagonistic activity of bacterial agents, i.e. Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens, and fugal agents, i.e. Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma virens, to control bacterial soft rot disease under in vitro and in vivo tests. Results The tested treatments could protect the potato tubers against the development of soft rot. T. viride and T. virens were highly effective in reducing soft rot symptoms on inoculated potato tuber slices, when applied at the same time or 2 h before pathogen inoculation, while B. megaterium and T. harzianum were highly effective when applied at the same time or 2 h after pathogen inoculation. In whole potato tubers technique, B.pumilus highly protected the stored potato tuber under artificially infection conditions, than P. fluorescens, T. harzianum, B. subtilis, T. viride, T. virens and B. megaterium, respectively. Conclusion Application of fungal agents or specify the bacterial species can play an important role in controlling bacterial soft rot disease in vegetables and increase the stored periods of potato tubers under storage conditions without any toxic effects.

scholarly journals Engineered Nanomaterials Suppress the Soft Rot Disease (Rhizopus stolonifer) and Slow Down the Loss of Nutrient in Sweet Potato

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2572
Author(s):  
Lin-Jiang Pang ◽  
Muhammed Adeel ◽  
Noman Shakoor ◽  
Ke-Rui Guo ◽  
Dai-Fu Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Postharvest Storage ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Soft Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

About 45% of the world’s fruit and vegetables are wasted, resulting in postharvest losses and contributing to economic losses ranging from $10 billion to $100 billion worldwide. Soft rot disease caused by Rhizopus stolonifer leads to postharvest storage losses of sweet potatoes. Nanoscience stands as a new tool in our arsenal against these mounting challenges that will restrict efforts to achieve and maintain global food security. In this study, three nanomaterials (NMs) namely C60, CuO, and TiO2 were evaluated for their potential application in the restriction of Rhizopus soft rot disease in two cultivars of sweet potato (Y25, J26). CuO NM exhibited a better antifungal effect than C60 and TiO2 NMs. The contents of three important hormones, indolepropionic acid (IPA), gibberellic acid 3 (GA-3), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the infected J26 sweet potato treated with 50 mg/L CuO NM were significantly higher than those of the control by 14.5%, 10.8%, and 24.1%. CuO and C60 NMs promoted antioxidants in both cultivars of sweet potato. Overall, CuO NM at 50 mg/L exhibited the best antifungal properties, followed by TiO2 NM and C60 NM, and these results were further confirmed through scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. The use of CuO NMs as an antifungal agent in the prevention of Rhizopus stolonifer infections in sweet potatoes could greatly reduce postharvest storage and delivery losses.

scholarly journals In vitro efficacy of endophytic bacteria against Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum causing soft rot disease in banana

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2087-2092
Author(s):  
R Kalaivanan ◽  
K Eraivan Arutkani Aiyanathan ◽  
S Thiruvudainambi ◽  
N Senthil ◽  
A Beaulah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽  
Soft Rot Disease ◽  
Carotovorum Subsp ◽  
Rot Disease

scholarly journals Improving the Biocontrol Potential of Bacterial Antagonists with Salicylic Acid against Brown Rot Disease and Impact on Nectarine Fruits Quality

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Nadia Lyousfi ◽  
Rachid Lahlali ◽  
Chaimaa Letrib ◽  
Zineb Belabess ◽  
Rachida Ouaabou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
Biological Treatments ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of both antagonistic bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (SF14) and Alcaligenes faecalis (ACBC1) used in combination with salicylic acid (SA) to effectively control brown rot disease caused by Monilinia fructigena. Four concentrations of salicylic acid (0.5%, 2%, 3.5%, and 5%) were tested under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Furthermore, the impact of biological treatments on nectarine fruit parameters’ quality, in particular, weight loss, titratable acidity, and soluble solids content, was evaluated. Regardless of the bacterium, the results indicated that all combined treatments displayed a strong inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of M. fructigena and disease severity. Interestingly, all SA concentrations significantly improved the biocontrol activity of each antagonist. The mycelial growth inhibition rate ranged from 9.79% to 88.02% with the highest reduction rate recorded for bacterial antagonists in combination with SA at both concentrations of 0.5% and 3.5%. The in vivo results confirmed the in vitro results with a disease severity varying from 0.00% to 51.91%. A significant biocontrol improvement was obtained with both antagonistic bacteria when used in combination with SA at concentrations of 0.5% and 2%. The lowest disease severity observed with ACBC1 compared with SF14 is likely due to a rapid adaptation and increase of antagonistic bacteria population in wounded sites. The impact of all biological treatments revealed moderate significant changes in the fruit quality parameters with weight loss for several treatments. These results suggest that the improved disease control of both antagonistic bacteria was more likely directly linked to both the inhibitory effects of SA on pathogen growth and induced fruit resistance.

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