Current Status of Rice Varieties Cataloged in EU Plant Database and Feasibility of their Application in Korean Rice Breeding Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-134
Author(s):  
Gihwan Yi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Program ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Korean Rice

scholarly journals The Genetic and Economic Impact of the University of Arkansas's Rice Breeding Program: 1983-2007

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lanier Nalley ◽  
Karen A. Moldenhauer ◽  
Nate Lyman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Test Plot ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Program Test ◽  
The University

This study estimates the proportion of rice yield increase in University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture's (UofA) released rice cultivars that are attributable to genetic improvements through the University's breeding program. Test plot data from eight UofA experiment stations were used to quantify the yield increases and potential yield growth decreases over time. In addition to quantifying the yield and yield variance evolution at the UofA, this study also calculates the economic benefits of the UofA rice breeding program. Results indicated that by releasing modern rice cultivars, the UofA rice breeding program increased average producer yield by 0.68 bu/ac annually. During the last decade, 1997-2007, the average annual economic benefits were 34.3 million (2007) dollars. When accounting for the spillover of UofA rice varieties to neighboring states the average annual economic benefit of the breeding program increases to 46.7 million (2007) dollars.

scholarly journals Threshing force of paddy as affected by loading manner and grain position on the panicle

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Alizadeh ◽  
A. Allameh
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Program ◽  
Lower Portion ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Bending Force ◽  
Local Cultivars ◽  
Tension Loading

Threshing force, which is the force that separates a grain from the panicle, has a great importance in evaluating losses over design and application of harvesting and threshing machines. In addition, it is important to know the shattering habit of rice varieties in rice breeding program. In this study, the threshing force of two improved rice cultivars Dorfac and Kadous (long-grain), and three local cultivars of Hashemi, Alikazemi (long-grain), and Binam (medium-grain) was determined. The threshing force was measured at three portions of upper, middle, and lower of the panicle and three loading manners as tension, bending perpendicular to the front of the grain (type 1) and bending perpendicular to the side of the grain (type 2). The results revealed that cultivars, loading manners and the grain position on the panicle significantly (P < 0.01) affected the threshing force. The highest threshing force of 0.887 N was obtained from the lower portion of the panicle under tension loading; while the least threshing force of 0.267 N was determined for grains from the upper portions of the panicle under bending force of type 2. In the case of tension loading, the highest threshing force value pertained to long-grain cultivars.

scholarly journals Discovery of Functional SNPs via Genome-Wide Exploration of Malaysian Pigmented Rice Varieties

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Rabiatul-Adawiah Zainal-Abidin ◽  
Norliza Abu-Bakar ◽  
Yun-Shin Sew ◽  
Sanimah Simoh ◽  
Zeti-Azura Mohamed-Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Program ◽  
Snp Analysis ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Pigmented Rice ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Variation Database

Recently, rice breeding program has shown increased interests on the pigmented rice varieties due to their benefits to human health. However, the genetic variation of pigmented rice varieties is still scarce and remains unexplored. Hence, we performed genome-wide SNP analysis from the genome resequencing of four Malaysian pigmented rice varieties, representing two black and two red rice varieties. The genome of four pigmented varieties was mapped against Nipponbare reference genome sequences, and 1.9 million SNPs were discovered. Of these, 622 SNPs with polymorphic sites were identified in 258 protein-coding genes related to metabolism, stress response, and transporter. Comparative analysis of 622 SNPs with polymorphic sites against six rice SNP datasets from the Ensembl Plants variation database was performed, and 70 SNPs were identified as novel SNPs. Analysis of SNPs in the flavonoid biosynthetic genes revealed 40 nonsynonymous SNPs, which has potential as molecular markers for rice seed colour identification. The highlighted SNPs in this study show effort in producing valuable genomic resources for application in the rice breeding program, towards the genetic improvement of new and improved pigmented rice varieties.

scholarly journals High-zinc rice as a breakthrough for high nutritional rice breeding program

2018 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 012004
Author(s):  
U Barokah ◽  
U Susanto ◽  
M Swamy ◽  
D W Djoar ◽  
Parjanto
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Program ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
High Zinc

scholarly journals Aromatic Rice of India: It’s Types and Breeding Strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarti Sharma ◽  
Sandhya ◽  
Akanksha Srivastava ◽  
Snehanshu Singh ◽  
Subhash Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Program ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Major Market ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
Kernel Length

The coalescence of organoleptic traits viz., pleasant aroma, cooked rice texture, and taste make aromatic rice unique and distinguished from non-aromatic rice. Aromatic rice is cultivated in every rice growing country; with each country has its own indigenous collection. International trade of rice is dominated by Indica (long grained), Japonica (short grained), aromatic rice (Basmati and Jasmine) and glutinous rice; amidst which, Basmati types from India and Pakistan; and Jasmine types from Thailand have phenomenal demand. In India all types of aromatic rice are cultivated based on Kernel length; short, medium, long and very long grained. Basmati varieties own the major market, while other types of aromatic rice besides Basmati are popular in local market only. The country inherits rich diversity of aromatic rice germplasm; with more than 300 different types, each of the rice growing states of India has its own locally popular aromatic rice varieties. India a country where two third of its population consume rice as part of their daily food; aromatic rice always remain their favorite. Basmati, by virtue of its excellent qualities it dominates both national and international market. Every year, Basmati ranks first in respect of foreign exchange earned from the export of agricultural products from India (APEDA). The phenomenal demand and export figures have augmented Basmati Breeding program. However, only few aromatic varieties are cultivated depending on their demand, and their breeding program is also limited. In India, Basmati has over-shadowed other types of aromatic rice in market and in plant breeding programs too. Breeding for Basmati varieties is undertaken by prime agricultural institutions of India. The country regulates quality standards and development of Basmati varieties with the help of Export of Basmati Rice (Quality Control and Inspection) Rules 2003; Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA); and Basmati Export Development Foundation (BEDF). However, no such initiatives have been taken to promote the development of other aromatic rice varieties of India besides Basmati.

scholarly journals Utilization of Molecular Markers for Rice Breeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Tasliah Tasliah
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Phosphate Deficiency ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Early Maturity

Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world's population. Rice production in 2050 must increase by at least 50% to keep up with the population growth. Efforts to increase rice production continue using various strategies. Breeders apply multiple approaches including application of molecular markers in developing varieties better than the previous ones. Since the discovery of the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers in 1980s and the development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, many types of molecular markers have been developed and applied to various crops including rice. Various molecular approaches to map genetic loci associated with rice superior traits were conducted. The mapped loci are very useful for rice breeding purposes. This paper reports the results of mapping and breeding economically important traits in rice, mainly those related to abiotic stresses, agronomic traits, yield, and yield quality. These included characters of semidwarf stature, aromatic grain, high yield potential, eating quality, higher Zn and Fe grain, more tolerant to abiotic stresses, such as salinity, drought, phosphate deficiency, Al toxicity and Fe toxicity, submergence, as well as early maturity character. The mapped characters can be transferred using marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) method into cultivated rice genotypes well-adopted by farmers. Several countries including Indonesia have benefited from this breeding method, and Indonesia have released several rice varieties developed through MABC. These include rice varieties such as Code, Angke, Inpari 30, Inpari Blas, Inpari HDB, Bio Patenggang Agritan, and Bioni 63 Ciherang Agritan

Improved Livelihoods, Genetic Diversity and Farmer Participation: A Strategy for Rice Breeding in Rainfed Areas of India

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Maurya ◽  
A. Bottrall ◽  
J. Farrington
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Alternative Strategy ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Farmer Participation ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Traditional Rice

SUMMARYThe present structure of plant breeding and seed multiplication in India is highly centralized. Furthermore, only a small number of new varieties is officially released each year. The system therefore appears inappropriate for the requirements of the large proportion of Indian farmers located in risk-prone and highly diverse environments. An alternative strategy is described whose central feature is close matching of the characteristics of farmers' traditional rice varieties with those of advanced breeders' lines. A selection from these lines is then distributed in small quantities for on-farm trials managed by farmers themselves. If the success of these initial efforts is to be sustained, a more decentralized approach to breeding and multiplication will be necessary.

Breeding improved rice cultivars for temperate regions: a case study

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 897 ◽  
Author(s):  
KS McKenzie ◽  
CW Johnson ◽  
ST Tseng ◽  
JJ Oster ◽  
DM Brandon
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Cool Temperature ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Rice Water

An accelerated rice-breeding program was initiated in 1969 at the California Rice Experiment Station. The program is broad in scope, developing cultivars in all US market classes (long, medium, and short grains) and special purpose types (waxy and aromatics). This grower-funded rice-breeding program has released 27 new cultivars as well as improved germplasm lines. Statewide paddy rice yields have risen from 6.2 to 9.3 t/ha since 1978. The incorporation of semi-dwarfing genes, earlier maturity, and increased yield potential have contributed significantly to increases in grain yield. High experimental yields (>I1 t/ha) are routine and achieving increased increments of yield will become more difficult. After the initial shift to semi-dwarf cultivars, increasing efforts were directed toward improving adaptation to environmental stresses and grain quality. Screening and selection for cold tolerance in the form of seedling vigour for water seeding and resistance to cool temperature induced sterility at the reproductive stage are integral parts of the rice-breeding program. Progress is being made on incorporation into California rice cultivars of resistance to stem rot (Sclerotiurn oryzae Cattaneo) and aggregate sheath spot [Rhizoctonia oryzae-sativae (Swada) Mordue] from wild species and tolerance to rice water weevil (Lissorhoptus oryzophilus Kuschel). New restrictions and regulations of agronomic management practices may negatively impact rice production, creating problems in stand establishment, soil fertility, and weed, disease, and insect control. Breeding efforts to help minimise the adverse effect of these restrictions on yield and quality will increase in the future. Increased emphasis is being placed on improving milling yield and cooking and processing characteristics, and new laboratory methods are being explored to aid in evaluation and selection for grain quality.

Farmers' Perceptions on Rice Varieties in Sikasso Region of Mali and their Implications for Rice Breeding

2008 ◽  
Vol 194 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Efisue ◽  
P. Tongoona ◽  
J. Derera ◽  
A. Langyintuo ◽  
M. Laing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Rice Varieties

scholarly journals Farmers’ Trait Preferences for Varietal Replacement: A study to boost rice productivity in Odisha, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Sk Mosharaf Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Research Program ◽  
The State ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Productivity ◽  
Research Outcomes ◽  
Trait Preferences ◽  
Ideal Variety ◽  
Productivity Enhancement

The average age of the popular rice varieties being grown in the state of Odisha is higher than the stipulated 10-year timeframe. This is an obstacle to productivity enhancement through varietal replacement. Farmers in Odisha growing these varieties have expressed their desired traits for replacement of these long-grown varieties. The desired characters of an ideal variety have been mapped for major older varieties. Since varietal fitment and farmer’s choice vary widely between rice eco logies, the research outcomes were compartmentalized between medium and lowland. Thus, these research outcomes will be crucially helpful for breeding program to develop varieties that match evinced expectation of the farmers. The ranking of trait preferences will also augment the varietal research program to the exact needs of the rice growers in the state. Rice productivity in Odisha is one of the least in the country. Replacement of existing older varieties with a high yielder as per farmers’ choice is a strategic way to boost the productivity. The findings with regard to current varietal landscape, farmers’ trait preferences are crucially important for augmenting rice productivity and strengthening food security in the state.

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