scholarly journals Aromatic Rice of India: It’s Types and Breeding Strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarti Sharma ◽  
Sandhya ◽  
Akanksha Srivastava ◽  
Snehanshu Singh ◽  
Subhash Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Program ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Major Market ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
Kernel Length

The coalescence of organoleptic traits viz., pleasant aroma, cooked rice texture, and taste make aromatic rice unique and distinguished from non-aromatic rice. Aromatic rice is cultivated in every rice growing country; with each country has its own indigenous collection. International trade of rice is dominated by Indica (long grained), Japonica (short grained), aromatic rice (Basmati and Jasmine) and glutinous rice; amidst which, Basmati types from India and Pakistan; and Jasmine types from Thailand have phenomenal demand. In India all types of aromatic rice are cultivated based on Kernel length; short, medium, long and very long grained. Basmati varieties own the major market, while other types of aromatic rice besides Basmati are popular in local market only. The country inherits rich diversity of aromatic rice germplasm; with more than 300 different types, each of the rice growing states of India has its own locally popular aromatic rice varieties. India a country where two third of its population consume rice as part of their daily food; aromatic rice always remain their favorite. Basmati, by virtue of its excellent qualities it dominates both national and international market. Every year, Basmati ranks first in respect of foreign exchange earned from the export of agricultural products from India (APEDA). The phenomenal demand and export figures have augmented Basmati Breeding program. However, only few aromatic varieties are cultivated depending on their demand, and their breeding program is also limited. In India, Basmati has over-shadowed other types of aromatic rice in market and in plant breeding programs too. Breeding for Basmati varieties is undertaken by prime agricultural institutions of India. The country regulates quality standards and development of Basmati varieties with the help of Export of Basmati Rice (Quality Control and Inspection) Rules 2003; Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA); and Basmati Export Development Foundation (BEDF). However, no such initiatives have been taken to promote the development of other aromatic rice varieties of India besides Basmati.

Exploring the physicochemical and cooking properties of some Indian aromatic and non-aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-161
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar Verma ◽  
Prem Prakash Srivastav
Keyword(s):  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Elongation Ratio ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Cooking Properties ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Kernel Length

The objective of the present investigation was to assess the physicochemical and cooking properties of Indian rice cultivars grown locally by farmers. Results reported the highest hulling (80.82%) and milling (75.47%) in cultivar Badshah Bhog (BSB) while the head rice out-turns were maximum in Govind Bhog (GVB) (58.22%) and broken rice was minimum in Khushboo (KSB) (5.15%). The kernel length (6.16-7.88 mm) of KSB, Kalanamak (KLN), Sarbati (SRB) and Todal (TDL) cultivars were nearly alike to the preferred minimum acceptable standard of Basmati rice (6.6mm). The kernel and volume elongation ratio was highest in Swetganga (STG) (2.07) and TDL (4.07), respectively whereas the amylose content was highest (>20%) in all aromatic cultivars and categorized the intermediate type than evolved aromatic rice KLN and nonaromatic cultivars (SRB and TDL). Further, the studied rice cultivars had grain quality characteristics similar to the minimum acceptable standards for the breeding of basmati type cultivars which may be employed for breeding purposes and can be graded as export quality rice possessing distinct nutritional values at the global level.

scholarly journals Screening of Advanced Aromatic Rice Lines Using Morphological and Physico-Chemical Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
S Paul ◽  
PK Biswas ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
SS Siddique ◽  
BJ Shirazy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Grain Shape ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Short-statured and lodging resistant rice plants with long to medium slender grain are the expected criteria for aromatic rice. However, most of the aromatic rice varieties in Bangladesh do not meet the expected criteria. Therefore, this study was undertaken to detect short-statured rice plants with aromatic and long to medium slender grain where twelve advanced rice lines (derived from the local rice germplasm) with a local check Kataribhog were evaluated. All the genotypes demonstrated significant variation for different parameters such as plant height at harvest, yield per hectare, grain length, grain size, grain shape, and aroma. At harvest, the shortest plant height was obtained from SAU ADL11 (107.09cm), and it was statistically similar to SAU ADL4 (111.68cm) and SAU ADL5 (111.89cm). However, the plant height of check variety Kataribhog was 167.17cm. The highest grain yield per hectare was found in SAU ADL5 (4.79 tha-1), where it was 2.71 tha-1 in Kataribhog. Besides, the grain yield of shorter genotypes SAU ADL4 and SAU ADL11 was 3.47 t ha-1 and 3.84 t ha-1 , respectively. The SAU ADL1 provided the highest kernel length (7.31mm), and the lowest kernel length (4.87 mm) was recorded in the check. Kernel length of short-statured genotypes ranged from 7.01 mm to 6.57 mm. Kernel size of all evaluated genotypes was long to medium; whereas, it was short for Kataribhog. Kernel shape of these short-statured genotypes was slender to medium. In case of aroma, SAU ADL3, SAU ADL5, SAU ADL7, SAU ADL9, SAU ADL10, and SAU ADL11 were moderately aromatic, and other genotypes were non-aromatic. However, Kataribhog was strongly aromatic. Finally, SAU ADL5 and SAU ADL11 were evaluated as important germplasms in respect of different characters such as shortstatured plant, long to medium slender grain, and aroma. These two lines could be potential inbreed aromatic rice genotypes for Bangladesh. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2019, 22(2): 91-102

Matoa (Pometia Pinata Foster): Local Fruit Papua and Strategy Development

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius D. Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Irian Jaya ◽  
Forest Exploitation ◽  
Program Strategy

<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables /> <w:SnapToGridInCell /> <w:WrapTextWithPunct /> <w:UseAsianBreakRules /> <w:DontGrowAutofit /> <w:UseFELayout /> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} --> <!--[endif]--> <p class="Style2" style="text-indent: 0cm;">Matoa (<em>Pometia pinnata</em>) is a local fruit of<span>&nbsp; </span>Papua (formerly called Irian Jaya) which has high potensial to develop as comercial fruit. Highly significant genetic resources of matoa potentially for breeding program in Papua are being threatened as a result of cutting down trees for fruit harvesting and of forest exploitation for timber. Besides the loss of genetic resources facing now, other major problems should be consider for conservation and domestication of this fruit tree species i.e. lack of silviculture and agronomy knowledge for further breeding programs; matoa production only for local market; and inadequate government policy for matoa breeding program. Strategy developed for matoa conservation and domestication should also concern about time limited due to the fast loss of genetic poll. This paper provides a general overview of strategy for conservation and domestication of <em>Pometia pinnata</em> with special reference to Papua.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of introduction of combine harvester and flatbed dryer on milling quality of three glutinous rice varieties in Lao PDR

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khamtay Vongxayya ◽  
Darunee Jothityangkoon ◽  
Danuphol Ketthaisong ◽  
Jaquie Mitchell ◽  
Phetmanyseng Xangsayyasane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Milling Quality ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
Combine Harvester

scholarly journals Growth, Yield and Proximate Composition of Aromatic Rice as Influenced by Inorganic and Organic Fertilizer Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-219
Author(s):  
Md. Jafrul Islam SUMON ◽  
Tuhin Suvra ROY ◽  
Md. Nazmul HAQUE ◽  
Salma AHMED ◽  
Kanika MONDAL
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

Integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers can improve crop productivity and sustain soil health and fertility. To gain insights into the response of green manure and chemical fertilizer, the present study was conducted to evaluate the growth, yield and proximate composition of aromatic rice varieties in Aman season at the research farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from July to December 2014. The experiment was set up in split-plot design with three aromatic rice varieties in main plots and six fertilizer levels in subplots. ‘Raniselute’ variety produced the highest plant height, dry matter weight hill-1, straw yield (7.81 t ha-1), biological yield (9.05 t ha-1), ash (1.59%), and fat content (2.81%). ‘BRRI dhan34’ gave the maximum number of effective tillers hill-1 (12.74), panicle length (27.93 cm), number of filled grains panicle-1 (192.5), 1,000-grain weight (17.22 g), grain yield (2.26 t ha-1), harvest index (29.99%), and carbohydrate content (77.63%). Application of 80% recommended doses of NPKSZn + green manure 3.5 t ha-1 showed better performance for getting the maximum growth, yield components and yield compared to other treatments. Recommended doses of NPKSZn showed the highest carbohydrate content (77.63%) and lowest moisture (8.75%) and ash content (1.29%). The maximum fat content (3.07%) and minimum carbohydrate content (76.53%) was obtained from 60% recommended doses of NPKSZn + green manure 7 t ha-1. Application of 20 and 40% recommended doses of NPKSZn + green manure 14 and 10.5 t ha-1 produced the highest moisture content (10.43%) and lowest protein content (8.26%) in rice grain. Green manure 17.5 t ha-1 produced the highest ash (1.79%), protein content (9.06%) and lowest fat content (2.51%).

scholarly journals Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Local and National Aromatic Rice Varieties in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Chairunnisak Chairunnisak ◽  
Sugiyanta Sugiyanta ◽  
Edi Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
N Content ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Plot Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Sampling Plot

Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is a necessitate in order to enhance sustainable rice farming in Indonesia. Thus, objective of present research was to evaluate NUE of local and national Indonesian superior aromatic rice treated with different levels of nitrogen fertilizer (N). Planting plot was arranged using five levels of N as the main plot, i.e; 0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1; and two rice varieties as subplot, i.e: Sigupai Abdya (local) and Inpari 23 Bantul (national). The results showed application 180 kg N ha-1 to Sigupai  Abdya significantly increased the plant height. However, it also postponed the flowering time. Inpari 23 Bantul treated with 180 kg N ha-1 produced the highest number of tillers. Combination of 90 kg N ha-1 with Sigupai Abdya variety significantly reduced the number of empty grains. Sigupai Abdya variety has a higher number of grains per panicle and sampling plot yield than Inpari 23 Bantul, and  dosage 90 kg N ha-1 increases grain yield per clump also sampling plot yield significantly. Nitrogen at 180 kg N ha-1 made Sigupai Abdya variety has high N content and absorption N in primordia phase, and the Inpari 23 Bantul variety had grain with high N content. Nitrogen at 90 kg ha-1 caused Sigupai Abdya variety at primordia phase had NUE higher than Inpari 23 Bantul. This study showed that local variety Sigupai Abdya is suitable for development as rice with low input NKeywords: Aceh aromatic, low input, nitrogen dose, N uptake, Oryza sativa L. 

scholarly journals Effect of Fertilizers on Nutrient Content and Uptake of Aromatic Local Transplant Aman Rice Varieties in Acid Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Kamrun Nahar Mousomi ◽  
Mohammad Noor Hossain Miah ◽  
Md. Abul Kashem ◽  
Imtiaz Miah
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nutrient Analyses

A pot experiment was conducted at the experimental net house of the Department of Soil Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh to observe the effect of fertilizers on yield and nutrient uptake of local aromatic rice varieties during the Aman season of 2015. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Five local aromatic rice varieties (Kalizira: V1, Muktasail: V2, Nagrasail: V3, Maloti: V4 and Chinigura: V5) and four packages of fertilizers (F1:  Recommended package i.e. 45-10-20-10-0.5 kg ha-1 of N-P-K-S-Zn, F2: 2/3rd of recommended package, F3: 1/3rd of recommended package, and F4: Control) were used. Urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum and ZnSO4 were used as N, P, K, S and Zn source, respectively. According to the treatment, all fertilizers were applied as basal during final pot preparation while urea was applied in two equal splits (one half as basal and another half at 40 DAT). Nutrient content and uptake of the aromatic rice varieties were significantly affected by the application of different fertilizer packages (with few exceptions). Mostly Kalizira (1.10-0.44-2.31-0.67-13.75 g pot-1 of N-P-K-S-Zn) and/or Nagrasail (1.15-0.46-2.70-0.62-11.74 g pot-1 of N-P-K-S-Zn) varieties showed the highest nutrient uptake in grain and straw with recommended package of fertilizers. While in maximum cases Chinigura (0.41-0.16-0.76-0.197-3.17 g pot-1 of N-P-K-S-Zn) was observed to have the lowest with control treatment. In case of post harvest soil nutrient analyses, Kalizira and/or Chinigura variety associated with recommended package of fertilizers showed the highest nutrient status.

scholarly journals Comparison of hot water and methanol extraction combined with ultrasonic pretreatment on antioxidant properties of two pigmented rice cultivars

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-556
Author(s):  
U. Tobgay ◽  
P. Boonyanuphong ◽  
P. Meunprasertdee
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Method ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Ultrasonic Pretreatment ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Pigmented Rice ◽  
Methanol Extraction ◽  
Glutinous Rice

Pigmented rice is considered as the good source of phytochemicals which contains more phenolic contents and higher antioxidant activities compared with non-pigmented rice. However, those phytochemicals are normally extracted using inorganic solvent, using water was rarely found. This study was aimed to compare extraction methods on antioxidant contents and activities of two types of Thai pigmented rice (black glutinous rice and red non-glutinous rice). Pigmented rice was extracted either conventional method alone or a combination of ultrasonic plus conventional method with different solvents (methanol and hot water). Phenolic contents were analyzed by spectrophotometric assay and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Antioxidant activities were investigated by radical scavenging capacity (ABTS and DPPH). The results showed that ultrasonic pretreatment significantly enhanced the total phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanin contents and higher antioxidant activities compared with conventional extraction irrespective of solvents and rice varieties. Ultrasonic methanol (UM) extraction proved to extract significant higher content of all the compounds analyzed in both the rice varieties. In contrast, hot water (HW) extracts exhibited the lowest amount of bioactive compounds. However, there was no significant difference between methanol extraction alone and ultrasonic pretreatment with hot water extract on antioxidant contents for black glutinous rice. The contents of individual anthocyanins and flavonoids (cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, peonidin 3-O-glucoside, and quercetin) were significantly increased with ultrasonic pretreatment compare to the conventional method in black glutinous rice while failed to detect the red rice variety. The black glutinous rice contained significantly higher contents of all analyzed compounds and antioxidant activities than red rice. In conclusions, our results demonstrated that ultrasonic pretreatment significantly enhanced antioxidant extraction with higher activities compared with conventional extraction irrespective of solvents and rice varieties. Furthermore, the efficiency of ultrasonic together with hot water extraction was almost equal to methanol extraction which was the one effective solvent for extracting antioxidant.

scholarly journals Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield and Quality of Basmati Rice Varieties

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Uppu Sai Sravan ◽  
Shiv Prakash Singh
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Head Rice

A 2-year study conducted to determine the effect of integrated nutrient management on yield and quality of basmati rice varieties in non-traditional area with 54 plots in split plot design. Variety HUBR 10-9 produced 18.8% higher mean grain yield and superior quality parameters than HUBR 2-1. Mean milling, head rice recovery, amylose content and alkali digestion value noted higher with HUBR 10-9 by 4.1%, 4.1%, 8.5% and 15.1% over HUBR 2-1, respectively. Addition of 75% recommended dose of fertilizers with 25% recommended dose of nitrogen as farmyard manure produced higher mean values by 3.1%, 4.2% and 4.0% for hulling, milling and head rice recovery respectively over 100% recommended dose applied as inorganic sources. Combined use of bio-inoculants (blue green algae plus Azospirillum) exhibited higher values for yield and quality parameters. HUBR 10-9 be grown using 75% recommended dose of fertilizers with 25% nitrogen as farmyard manure and blue green algae plus Azospirillum for enhancement in yield and quality in non-traditional areas of eastern Uttar Pradesh. Further investigation required under diverse conditions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document