STATUS OF FIR FORESTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Сингатуллин ◽  
Irek Singatullin
Keyword(s):  
Age Composition ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
Forest Conditions

After the drought of 2010, there was partial drying of plants of fir-spruce forests of different ages throughout the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, in the Kama area fir was on the verge of extinction. The studies on fir forest state have been conducted at the 5 forest areas in the Republic of Tatarstan in 2011-15. As a result, we defined the extent of drying, determined the regularities of desiccation in plantations, depending on the age, composition, diameter, forest conditions. Based on the research, we have made recommendations to improve the sanitary conditions of these plants, and the preservation of fir in the Republic of Tatarstan.

STATE OF ASPEN FORESTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN AFTER THE DROUGHT OF 2010.

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Сингатуллин ◽  
Irek Singatullin
Keyword(s):  
Wood Decay ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
First Year ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Aspen Forest ◽  
Forest Conditions ◽  
Birch Forests

After drought of 2010 in the Republic of Tatarstan aspen was drying. In 2011-2016 a study was conducted to determine the extent of shrinkage, identify patterns in shrinkage of stands, different in age, composition, types of forest conditions, fullness, with laying of temporary and permanent sample plots. The shrinkage reason was the drought of 2010 and the subsequent infection of aspen by bacterial dropsy. The drought has affected all aspen forest zones of the Republic of Tatarstan, a greater degree of attenuation are ripe and overripe aspens. There are no dependencies of shrinkage from the type of forest conditions, composition, completeness and diameter. The carried studies have revealed the dynamics of species change after the continuous sanitary felling in mixed aspen-birch stands, exposed to desiccation. Birch in the forest-steppe zone for its 40 years almost completely lost the ability to coppice after felling and does not participate in the formation of a new stand. After shrinkage of mixed aspen-birch forests the pure aspens of coppice origin with low commodity properties are formed. The nature of drying aspen after bacterial dropsy disease differs from birch: there is thinning of the crown and the bark on the trunk cracking, its peeling it. After drying the wood decay begins on the perimeter in the butt, which together with the inner rot, leading to a breakdown of the trunk at height of 1.0 - 2.5 m, and formation of windbreaks. At the top of the stem above the breaking, the wood remains clean and can be used in the first year as the firewood. It is necessary to tidy shrunken and withering aspen trees in the first year of shrinkage, when the process of timber destruction is not yet begun and timber felling is not associated with risk to life.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE DROUGHT OF 2010 ON THE STATE OF THE FORESTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Ирек Сингатуллин ◽  
Irek Singatullin
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Total Forest Area ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Forest Conditions ◽  
Birch Forests

The drought in 2010 had a negative impact on the state of the main forest-forming species in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan. The carried out researches in 2011-18. the scale of desiccation is determined, regularities of drying in plantations, different in age, composition, types of forest conditions, completeness are revealed. It is established that birch and spruce were most affected. In birch forests, more than 90% of the area of desiccation occurs in mature and overmature plantations, whose share in the total forest area reaches 50%. Dependence of desiccation on the participation of birch in the composition, completeness and diameter is not revealed. In spruce forests, desiccation occurred in all age categories, mostly in monocultures created outside the natural range. The conducted studies revealed the dynamics of birch changing after drying and sanitary cutting: in Kama - on spruce and linden, in the Transcaucasus - on aspen and linden, in the Upper Kama region - on maple, linden and oak. Birch in the conditions of the forest-steppe by the age of 40 almost completely loses its ability to grow and after felling does not participate in the formation of a new stand. In addition to birch and spruce, the aspen shrunk on significant areas, as a result of the drought in 2010, the area of fir was reduced and the border of its growth beyond the Kama river was reduced. There was a weakening of the pine, after 2010 the areas and volumes of drying increased due to infection with the root sponge. In total, the area affected by the 2010 drought in plantations in the Republic of Tatarstan according to preliminary estimates is more than 200 thousand hectares, incl. more than 30 thousand hectares of forest cultures have died or are in unsatisfactory condition. There was a decrease in the stock of forest-covered areas, especially ripe and overmature. It is necessary to develop measures to restore these areas.

scholarly journals Demografsko starenje stanovništva Šibensko-kninske županije: grandparent boom

Geoadria ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Snježana Mrđen ◽  
Dolores Barić
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Ageing Process ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Demographic Ageing ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Rural Exodus ◽  
Littoral Area

This paper analyses demographic ageing of the population in the County of Šibenik-Knin by using basic demographic indicators based on data collected from population censuses from 1971 to 2011. It analyses spatial differentiation of the ageing process at the level of the County, micro-regions, towns/municipalities and settlements. The research also provides a comparison of population ageing in different counties of the Republic of Croatia, from which it is evident that the County of Šibenik-Knin, as well as the Country of Lika-Senj, has the oldest population in Croatia. Ageing in the County of Šibenik-Knin, which was triggered by extreme rural exodus that was most intensive from the end of 1960s to the early 1970s, as well as by continuous declining fertility rates and by inherited age composition, was recorded at all territorial levels of the County. Although the ageing process started in littoral area (Primorje), hinterland (Zagora) experienced a faster and more intensive ageing. Based on numerous indicators of demographic ageing and its intensity, and compared with the point value indicators of ageing, it is evident that the population of the County of Šibenik-Knin is characterized by advanced old age. However, more than half of the observed settlements are characterized by very advanced or extremely advanced old age.

scholarly journals ANALYZING STOCK STATUS OF MAIN COMMERCIAL FISH IN KUIBYSHEV RESERVOIR IN 2000–2018 AND EFFECTIVENESS IN FISHING

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Firdauz Mubarakovna Shakirova ◽  
Yuri Aleksandrovich Severov ◽  
Olga Konstantinovna Anokhina ◽  
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Gorshkov ◽  
Guzel Damirovna Valieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kuibyshev Reservoir ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Reproduction Efficiency

The article presents a review of the main commercial fish stocks of the Kuibyshev Reservoir based on the long-term research data (2000–2019). The Kuibyshev Reservoir is the leading fishery reservoir in the Republic of Tatarstan, Mari El, Chuvashia, Ulyanovsk and Samara Re-gions. There have been given the data of regular observing species, sex, size-weight and age composition of fish, their reproduction efficiency, distribution, abundance and reproduction of aquatic biological resources, their habitat, as well as control over their fishing and conservation. The analysis of the influence of environmental factors (level and temperature regimes) and fishing on the fish stocks formation is presented. Based on the presented materials, there have been shown the data about the stocks of the main commercial fish species of the Kuibyshev Reservoir (bream, zander, pike, carp, catfish, sterlet) and of the small-sized ordinary fish stocks, the optimal development of which will bring the catches up to 10 thousand tons and more. It has been inferred that for rational fishing in the reservoir, it is necessary to develop a strategy for the integrated effective development of biological resources of the reservoir on an ecosystem basis for better use of the bioproduction capabilities of its biological resources.

scholarly journals Studies of defoliation on ICP sample plots level I in Republic of Serbia

2017 ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Tomislav Stefanović ◽  
Renata Gagić-Serdar ◽  
Ilija Đorđević ◽  
Goran Češljar ◽  
Natalija Momirović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Icp Forests ◽  
Crown Defoliation ◽  
Crown Health ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Level I ◽  
Common Tree ◽  
Forest Conditions

Project of forests condition monitoring (ICP Forests) operates as an international European project in which, on grid of ICP sample plots (bioindication points) condition of forests has been monitored annually in continuity, including recording data on defoliation with evidencing any damage to the trees. The main goal of the program is monitoring of condition of forests on a permanent, representative surfaces, arranged in a systematic grid distributed on the territory of of Europe. This paper analyzes the data on defoliation as part of the results of the forest conditions monitoring on ICP sample plots on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, in the period 2012-2016. The assessment of defoliation is performed on the experimental fields regardless of the cause of loss of leaves, because the results are not aimed to determinate the cause-and-effect relationships, but only to represent the state of defoliation on this study sample plots in the researched period. Assessment and analysis of the degree of crown defoliation has been presented for most common tree species as the most noticeable crown health indicators. Linking these results with other indicators of environmental conditions will provide more concrete informations, and draw conclusions about the vitality of the plants depending on ambient conditions.

scholarly journals Estimating the abundance of the typographer bark beetle in the spruce forests of the Republic of Tatarstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00138
Author(s):  
Aigul Mukhametshina ◽  
Haris Musin ◽  
Insaf Taziev ◽  
Renat Gafiatov
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Peak Number ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
A Site ◽  
Forest Diseases

The article provides an estimation of abundance the typographer bark beetle using barrier traps in the spruce forests of the Republic of Tatarstan. For the last 10 years, there has been the shrinkage of spruce forests throughout the Russian Federation due to adverse factors, primarily the weather. In the forests of the Republic of Tatarstan, the main reasons for the unsatisfactory condition of forest stands are forest diseases – 20,276.7 ha and weather conditions – 16,824.1 ha, corresponding to 51.7% and 42.9% of the area of all plantations with disrupted and lost stability. The research studies were carried out in the “Sabinskiy Forestry Enterprise” and “Lubyankskiy Forestry Enterprise” of the Republic of Tatarstan. According to our observations for the whole growing season, the largest number of beetles is concentrated on a site of pure plantings at the age of 40 years and is estimated at 1,645 pcs. On all three sites, the peak number of beetles takes place on July 5, 2019 corresponding to 3,684 pcs. In 2019, there was damping of some foci of this pest on 330.1 ha. At the same time, the new foci were identified, which accounted for 9.5% of the total area of bark beetle foci. As a result, at the end of 2019, the total area of foci of this pest in the forests of the Republic of Tatarstan was 1,018.9 ha, which is 28% less than the same indicator last year.

scholarly journals Relationship of Ages and Gender of the Employees in Organisations in the Republic of Serbia and Their Job Satisfaction

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-280
Author(s):  
Biljana Djordjević ◽  
Maja Ivanović-Djukić ◽  
Vinko Lepojević
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Overall Job Satisfaction ◽  
Satisfaction Relationship

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between ages and gender of employees in organisations in Serbia and their job satisfaction. When it comes to age-job satisfaction relationship the assumption is that this relationship could be represented by the “U” curve. When it comes to gender-job satisfaction relationship the authors investigate whether there is a difference in the overall job satisfaction between men and women as well as whether there is a statistically significant influence of different job facets on job satisfaction of men and women in different ages in organisations in Serbia. For testing these assumptions descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance were applied. The research methodology also included theoretical analysis of the concept of job satisfaction. Results of the study have shown that the level of job satisfaction of employees of different age cannot be represented by the “U” curve. Further, the results have shown that there is a small difference in the overall job satisfaction between men and women as well as that there are some dimensions of job that have statistically significant influence on job satisfaction of men and women in different ages. The practical implication of this paper is that it, based on the obtained results, suggests to the managers certain human resource management (HRM) practices in order to gain more satisfied and, hence, more productive employees.

scholarly journals Контроль эффективности вакцинопрофилактики инфекционного бронхита кур в птицеводческих хозяйствах Республики Крым

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
S.I. Danilchenko ◽  
M.A. Pasunkina ◽  
I.B. Ionkina ◽  
N.G. Kosharnyi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Production Period

Целью исследований было проведение серологического мониторинга инфекционного бронхита кур (ИБК), анализ технологических схем вакцинаций и изучение напряжённости гуморального иммунитета к вирусу ИБК. Исследования проводились в Республике Крым в течение 20172018 гг. Материалом для исследований служили образцы сывороток крови от кур разного возраста (молодняк, взрослая птица), поступивших из двух ведущих птицеводческих предприятий Крыма. Определение антител к вирусу ИБК проводили методом иммуноферментного анализа (ИФА). Всего было исследовано 1324 образца сывороток крови от птицы разного возраста. Поствакцинальные антитела обнаружены в 1317 пробах (99,4). Установлено, что применение в обследуемых хозяйствах для профилактики ИБК живых и инактивированных одно и многовалентных вакцин отечественного и импортного производства в соответствии с действующим регламентом вакцинопрофилактики и разработанными в хозяйствах технологическими схемами вакцинации создаёт полноценную специфическую защиту у вакцинированного поголовья на протяжении всего периода продуктивности. Отмечено, что постепенное нарастание средних титров антител у птиц каждой следующей возрастной группы с пиком в 140 и 150дневном возрасте соотносится с классической схемой формирования гуморального иммунитета при применении живых и инактивированных вакцин. В дальнейшем у кур старше 300суточного возраста появляются достаточно пёстрые титры антител к ИБК, что может свидетельствовать о возможной циркуляции полевого вируса ИБК. В связи с этим имеется необходимость систематического мониторинга уровня антител к вирусу ИБК, что позволит и дальше контролировать эпизоотическую ситуацию к данному заболеванию в птицеводческих хозяйствах Крыма.The aim of the research was to conduct serological monitoring of avian infectious bronchitis (AIB), the analysis of technological schemes of vaccinations and the study of the intensity of humoral immune response to the AIB virus. The researches were carried out in the Republic of Crimea during 20172018. The material for the researches were samples of blood serum from chickens of different ages (young birds, mature birds) received from two leading poultry farms of the Crimea. Determination of antibodies to AIB virus was conducted by enzyme multipled immunoassay (ELISA test). A total of 1324 blood serum samples from birds of different ages were examined. Vaccineinduced antibodies were found in 1317 samples (99.4). It has been established that the use of live and inactivate monovalent and multivalent vaccines of domestic and foreign production in the surveyed farms for the prevention of AIB in accordance with the current vaccinal prevention schedule and the vaccination technological schemes developed on the farms creates full specific protection for the vaccinated livestock throughout the entire production period. It is noted that a gradual increase in the average antibody titers in birds of each subsequent age group with a peak at 140 and 150 days of age correlates with the classical scheme for the formation of antibody mediated immunity with the use of live and inactivate vaccines. Further chickens older than 300 days of age appear to have rather variegated antibody titers to AIB which may indicate a possible circulation of the field AIB virus. In this regard there is a need for systematic monitoring of the level of antibodies to the AIB virus which will allow further control of the epizootic situation to this disease in the poultry farms of the Crimea.

scholarly journals Analysis of burn ability and subsequent changes in the mountain forest of the Crimean reserve

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Кирилл Левченко ◽  
Kirill Levchenko ◽  
С. Матвеев ◽  
S. Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Complete Destruction ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Forest Conditions

In the Crimean mountains, the forest is of exceptional ecological, scientific, aesthetic value. The studies conducted on the territory of the largest nature reserve Crimea – Crimean reserve, located in the southern mountainous part of the Republic of Crimea. The study of the influence of fires in pine forest these conditions, is with the aim of preservation of the unique plantings nature reserve and the development of new measures of fire forest, their negative consequences. In the objectives of the research included the identification and assessment of factors, influencing the rise of fire forest in mountain pine forest of Crimea, the analysis of the dynamics of the quantity and intensity of fires in different forest conditions, analysis subsequent changes in pine forest in terms of the protected area. Research methodology provides analysis of climatic, forest conditions of the enterprise and the establishment of subsequent changes, the study of species and age structure of forest, taxation characteristics of plantations. To accomplish the tasks laid 4 sample area, and selected 4 areas passed a forest fire for visual analysis. Based on the study established, territory of the nature reserve susceptible to forest fires throughout the all year. The pine forest, presents the main species Pinus pallasiana and Pinus silvestris, subject to strong changes, even after lower forest fires. Complete destruction from any fire subject plantations Juniperus hemisphaerica on the lower tableland mountain of Chatyr-Dag. The absolute majority of forest fires caused by people. The results of these studies are introduced in the work of the enterprise.

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