Regulatory aspects of pilgrimage and religious tourism at the present stage

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Дмитрий Бондаренко ◽  
Dmitriy Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
Conceptual Distinction ◽  
Travel Services ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Church Organizations

The article discusses the issues of legal regulation of relations in the field of tourism, especially such varieties as religious tourism and pilgrimage. The article substantiates the conceptual distinction of these concepts, from which the need for different approaches and principles for the provision of appropriate tourist services comes. The author notes the significance of the impact of religious tourism on the economy of individual countries and regions of the world, and religious centers. In the article there is the analysis of conceptual regulation of tourist activity in the Russian Federation and it is considered a separate state program of development of tourism and pilgrimage. The main attention is focused on the lack of legal concept and practice of pilgrimage and, respectively, difficulties, arising in connection with these issues, in the organization of tourist trips and the provision of travel services of this thematic trend. Available in Russia legal conflict is that religious organizations have no right to organize pilgrimages, as they are equated to tourism and operated by tour operators. In the article, specific examples prove why firms are not always able to efficiently and fully right to organize and conduct a pilgrimage to the Holy places. We examine why the majority of pilgrimages, organized today, may be defined as an Amateur travel, not full tours. The author prove the relevance of the Association of Church organizations involved in the formation and promotion of pilgrimages, which would allow them to use legal mechanisms for liability insurance, obtain a Bank guarantee in the formation of the tourist product, all these officially allow to implement tour operator activities. The results of the analysis of the quantitative composition of consumers of religious tourism and pilgrimage indicate that this product is in great demand and has great prospects for development in Russia. The attention is focused on the problem of the qualification of pilgrimage tours guides, training of specialized staff for sightseeing ensure of religious tourism and pilgrimage. The author substantiates the practical significance of the use of network forms of realization of educational programs for training specialists for the sphere of religious tourism and pilgrimage.

The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on the Legal Regulation of Labor Migration

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg M. Yaroshenko ◽  
Volodymyr М. Harashchuk ◽  
Olena V. Moskalenko ◽  
Nataliia O. Melnychuk ◽  
Yuliia M. Burniagina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Theoretical Generalization ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the article is to identify and evaluate the main measures of migration policy and legal regulation in the field of combating the effects of the economic crisis, effective ways to regulate the situation on the labor market and employment and measures to address the economic crisis in the country of destination and origin. Methods of analysis and synthesis, theoretical generalization, historical, scientific-analytical, systematization and classification were used to identify scientific and theoretical bases of labor migration. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the possibility of using the results of the study to overcome the socio-economic consequences of the coronary crisis by countries; to improve the activities of migration services.  

scholarly journals The impact of the religious geographical factor on the tourist attraction in Erbil City

Twejer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 887-932
Author(s):  
Bahzad Hilmi Hussein ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Geographic Factor ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Religious tourism is defined as traveling from one country to another or moving within the borders of a country with its own eyes to visit the holy places. It is tourism that is concerned with the spiritual side of the human being. It is also a mixture of religious and heritage contemplation for the sake of calling and drawing closer to God. The Kurdistan Region of Iraq in general, and the city of Erbil in particular, is a region and a tourist city in which all the elements of natural tourism are available, both human and natural, as the city of Erbil has many tourist elements that depend on it for tourist attraction, whether it is locally from within the region or abroad. Religious tourism has recently emerged as an economic pattern of great use in the budgets of countries and societies. It has become worthy of official and societal attention to the extent that a country is no longer devoid of a religious landmark that strengthens the public tourism system and helps support the national economy. Based on the realization of the utmost importance of the economic viability of religious tourism for the Kurdistan Region and the city of Erbil, this study tries to show that the city of Erbil possesses many places and religious tourist sites, as it has gained an independent personality that can influence the effect of economic change in the study area, after being familiar with the current situation of this economics The vital sector, and then developing an integrated vision for its future, believing in its importance as one of the alternative economic sectors worthy of parallel to oil in the Kurdistan Region, and a sense of the need to move forward in identifying priorities for economic planning, and exploring the financial streams that are more flexible and faster in terms of the ability to strengthen the general budget of the region. For the purpose of achieving the goal of the research and reaching the results of the study, the research was divided into four sections, where the first one deals with the definition of the study area, and the second study deals with the definition of the importance of the religious geographic factor and the components of religious tourism in the study area, and in the third section we deal with the spatial distribution of the variables of the religious tourism components in a city Erbil. As for the fourth topic, it analyzes the reality of religious tourism in the city of Erbil. And then, in the end, to refer to the researcher's conclusions, and the most important recommendations that the researcher recommends for the development and development of religious tourism in the study area.

scholarly journals The Legal Status of Consumers in Conditions of Differentiation of Legal Regulation of Public Relations

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 70-83
Author(s):  
A. V. Yefimov
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Dimensional System ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Uniform Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Legal Entities

Currently, the legal regulation of public relations varies significantly depending on their participants. In particular, legal regulation is influenced by the consumer. However, there is no unambiguous definition of the concept of a “consumer” in legal acts, which gives rise to theoretical discussions and problems in enforcement. The purpose of the paper is to draw theoretical conclusions concerning the impact of a differentiated approach to legal regulation of the content of the legal status of consumers. Objectives of the study include: determination of validity of differentiating legal regulation of public relations, including legally binding relations; development of an approach to the identification of the general legal concept of the consumer; formation of a uniform model of the consumer’s legal status. In writing the paper, the author applied general scientific methods (system and functional methods, a group of logical methods such as deduction, induction, analysis, synthesis) and special legal methods (the formal legal method, the legal modeling method). The study concludes that the legal status of persons may vary according to such criteria as professionalism, association with business activity, connection with consumption. These criteria form a three-dimensional system, within which the legal status of a particular person is determined. In this sense, the qualification of a person as a consumer is possible due to the differentiation of legal regulation of relations according to one of the criteria (connection with consumption). It is substantiated that consumers are not only individuals who do not carry out business activities, but also individual entrepreneurs, legal entities, public legal entities, regardless of their professionalism and connection with business activities. The article proposes an approach according to which the process of consumption should equally influence the legal status of consuming persons due to a single criterion of differentiation with the preservation of the possibility of further differentiation by other criteria of legal significance. On the basis of the selection of the consumption criterion, the paper proposes a uniform model of the legal status of the consumer.

Euratom and Brexit: Could the United Kingdom Maintain One Foot in the European Union? Current Scenarios and Future Prospects of British withdrawal from the EAEC

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-151
Author(s):  
Andrea Circolo ◽  
Ondrej Hamuľák
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Independent Solution ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Energy Community ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper focuses on the very topical issue of conclusion of the membership of the State, namely the United Kingdom, in European integration structures. The ques­tion of termination of membership in European Communities and European Union has not been tackled for a long time in the sources of European law. With the adop­tion of the Treaty of Lisbon (2009), the institute of 'unilateral' withdrawal was intro­duced. It´s worth to say that exit clause was intended as symbolic in its nature, in fact underlining the status of Member States as sovereign entities. That is why this institute is very general and the legal regulation of the exercise of withdrawal contains many gaps. One of them is a question of absolute or relative nature of exiting from integration structures. Today’s “exit clause” (Art. 50 of Treaty on European Union) regulates only the termination of membership in the European Union and is silent on the impact of such a step on membership in the European Atomic Energy Community. The presented paper offers an analysis of different variations of the interpretation and solution of the problem. It´s based on the independent solution thesis and therefore rejects an automa­tism approach. The paper and topic is important and original especially because in the multitude of scholarly writings devoted to Brexit questions, vast majority of them deals with institutional questions, the interpretation of Art. 50 of Treaty on European Union; the constitutional matters at national UK level; future relation between EU and UK and political bargaining behind such as all that. The question of impact on withdrawal on Euratom membership is somehow underrepresented. Present paper attempts to fill this gap and accelerate the scholarly debate on this matter globally, because all consequences of Brexit already have and will definitely give rise to more world-wide effects.

SOCIO-CULTURAL AND REGULATORY DIMENSION OF THE HOUSING PROBLEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (72) (2) ◽  
pp. 134-141
Author(s):  
N. G. Krasavtseva
Keyword(s):  
Public Housing ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Housing Problem ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the evolution of the population’s priorities in relation to housing, examines the legal regulation and socio-cultural aspects of public housing construction at various stages of the history of the USSR. The research reveals the impact of the developing industry on the country’s economy.

Optimization of Preparation of Civil Case for Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
N. V. Alekseeva ◽  
◽  
L. N. Pavlova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
The Real ◽  
Civil Case ◽  
Practical Recommendations

The article is devoted to the issue of increasing the efficiency and achieving the real practical significance of the stage of preparation of a civil case for trial in civil and arbitration proceedings. The authors draw conclusions about the need for widespread use at this stage of the obligation as a means of legal regulation and more stringent structuring and regulation of training. Practical recommendations for improving procedural legislation in terms of regulation of this stage are offered.

scholarly journals Erosion Transportation Processes as Influenced by Gully Land Consolidation Projects in Highly Managed Small Watersheds in the Loess Hilly–Gully Region, China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1540
Author(s):  
Qianqian Ji ◽  
Zhe Gao ◽  
Xingyao Li ◽  
Jian’en Gao ◽  
Gen’guang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Similarity Theory ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Small Watershed ◽  
Flood Peak ◽  
Erosion Area ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Erosion Environment

The Loess Hilly–Gully region (LHGR) is the most serious soil erosion area in the world. For the small watershed with high management in this area, the scientific problem that has been paid attention to in recent years is the impact of the land consolidation project on the erosion environment in the gully region. In this study, the 3D simulation method of vegetation, eroded sediment and pollutant transport was innovated based on the principles of erosion sediment dynamics and similarity theory, and the impacts of GLCP were analyzed on the erosion environment at different scales. The verification results show that the design method and the scale conversion relationship (geometric scale: λl = 100) were reasonable and could simulate the transport process on the complex underlying surface of a small watershed. Compared with untreated watersheds, a significant change was the current flood peak lagging behind the sediment peak. There were two important critical values of GLCP impact on the erosion environment. The erosion transport in HMSW had no change when the proportion was less than 0.85%, and increased obviously when it was greater than 3.3%. The above results have important theoretical and practical significance for watershed simulation and land-use management in HMSW.

scholarly journals System Dynamics Model for the Evolutionary Behaviour of Government Enterprises and Consumers in China’s New Energy Vehicle Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxia Sun ◽  
Yao Wan ◽  
Huirong Lv
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Replicator Dynamics ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Subsidy Policy ◽  
New Energy ◽  
New Energy Vehicle ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vehicle Market

Exhaust pollution and energy crises are worsening worldwide. China has become the largest motor vehicle producer; thus, promoting the use of new energy vehicles (NEVs) in China has important practical significance. In this paper, considering the limited rationality of governments, NEV enterprises and consumers, we study the subsidy policy of the China NEV market using the evolutionary game and system dynamics (SD) methods. First, a tripartite evolutionary game model is developed and the replicator dynamics equations and Jacobian matrix are obtained. A SD simulation of the model was conducted to further clarify the impact of the initial market proportion and three variables used in the model. The results show that the initial market proportion affects the evolution speed but does not affect the evolution result when the three group players all choose a mixed strategy. For governments, they should not hastily cancel price subsidies provided to consumers; rather, they should dynamically adjust the rate of the subsidy decrease and increase the consumers’ extra cost for purchasing fuel vehicles (FVs). NEV enterprises should appropriately increase their investments in the research and development (R&D) of NEVs.

scholarly journals Transnational Religious Tourism in Modern China and the Transformation of the Cult of Mazu

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Yanchao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Song Dynasty ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Religious Tourism ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Temple

This article explores transformations in the worship of popular goddess Mazu as a result of (religious) tourism. In particular, it focuses on the role of transnational tourism in the invention of tradition, folklorization, and commodification of the Mazu cult. Support from the central and local governments and the impact of economic globalization have transformed a traditional pilgrimage site that initially had a local and then national scope into a transnational tourist attraction. More specifically, the ancestral temple of Mazu at Meizhou Island, which was established as the uncontested origin of Mazu’s cult during the Song dynasty (960 to 1276), has been reconfigured architecturally and liturgically to function as both a sacred site and a tourist attraction. This reconfiguration has involved the reconstruction of traditional rituals and religious performances for religious tourism to promote the temple as the unadulterated expression of an intangible cultural heritage. The strategic combination of traditional rituals such as “dividing incense” and an innovative ceremony enjoining all devotees of “Mazu all over the world [to] return to mother’s home” to worship her have not only consolidated the goddess as a symbol of common cultural identity in mainland China, but also for the preservation of Chinese identity in diaspora. Indeed, Chinese migrants and their descendants are among the increasing numbers of pilgrims/tourists who come to Mazu’s ancestral temple seeking to reconnect with their heritage by partaking in authentic traditions. This article examines the spatial and ritual transformations that have re-signified this temple, and by extension, the cult of Mazu, as well as the media through which these transformations have spread transnationally. We will see that (transnational) religious tourism is a key medium.

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