Review of statistical methods for assessing the probability of detecting defects in non-destructive testing

NDT World ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 4-14
Author(s):  
Vasiliy Chertischev ◽  
Mihail Dalin ◽  
Aleksandr Boychuk ◽  
Ivan Krasnov
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Statistics ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Nonparametric Models ◽  
Box Cox Transformation ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Insight Into

The probability of detection (POD) depends on defects size and is an integral part of calculating the resource during non-destructive testing of parts. This article provides an overview of well-established statistical methods for estimating PODs, with a little historical insight into their emergence. An overview of new advances in POD calculation in recent years is given: three- and four-parameter models; nonparametric models; planning the experiment and sampling of defects; applying defect modeling to reduce the number of samples; the application of the Box-Cox transformation; the influence of the variability of the initial data on the result; application of Bayesian statistics. An overview of the tasks that POD specialists still have to solve in the future: nonlinear models, modeling in conjunction with Bayesian statistics, etc

scholarly journals Risk Based Inspection of Jackets Submitted to Through-Wall Cracks

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franck Schoefs ◽  
Mustapha Rguig
Keyword(s):  
Decision Aid ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Probability Of False Alarm ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Rational Process

The actual challenge for the requalification of existing offshore structures through a rational process of reassessment leads to state the importance of Risk Based Inspection methodology. This paper points out the inspection results modelling and their contribution to decision aid tools. The study of the impact of through cracks on structural integrity of jacket platforms is still a challenge. The detection of large cracks is first addressed. In order to minimize inspections and maintenance costs, all the available data from inspection results, such as probability of detection and probability of false alarm, must be addressed, as well as the probability of crack presence. This can be achieved by the use of the decision theory. These capabilities of Non Destructive Testing give a first input for the risk study. A cost function is suggested to introduce this modelling into a risk analysis and is devoted to help rank the NDT tools. The case of large through-wall cracks is specifically addressed.

scholarly journals Extended Non-destructive Testing Technique Demonstration in a Realistic Environment with Technology Assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. 259-330
Author(s):  
Romain Ecault ◽  
Ana Reguero Simon ◽  
Célian Cherrier ◽  
Paweł H. Malinowski ◽  
Tomasz Wandowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
Structural Parts ◽  
First Time ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Testing And Evaluation

AbstractThis chapter highlights two advances towards a higher maturity of versatile extended non-destructive testing (ENDT) procedures. Full-scale demonstration tests are presented in realistic user application cases that involve typical production or repair scenarios. Subsequently, the investigations used to assess the probability of detection (POD) are detailed for the respective ENDT processes and application-relevant scenarios in a realistic environment. Although some results indicated that some additional in-depth investigations would be even more enlightening, these demonstrations still clearly showed that developments and progress described in the previous chapters have enabled some of the technologies to achieve a maturity that is sufficient to proceed towards industrial implementation. Some ENDT techniques revealed the presence of contaminants on real structural parts with unknown contaminant amounts. For the first time, POD results obtained for ENDT investigations are presented. Some ENDT procedures permitted POD results to be obtained for several scenarios, while others showed technologically relevant POD only for certain scenarios. For two ENDT techniques, determining the POD helped to enhance the respective testing and evaluation procedures. In most of the cases, it was possible to estimate a preliminary quantification of POD by giving the POD90/95. For some techniques, this value was below the lowest contamination degree.

Исследование выявляемости поверхностных плоскостных дефектов ультразвуковым методом с применением волн Рэлея

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Н.П. Алешин ◽  
Н.В. Крысько ◽  
С.В. Скрынников ◽  
А.Г. Кусый
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Signal Amplitude ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Acoustic Transducer ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Planar Flaw

The issues of detecting operational surface planar flaws by the ultrasonic non-destructive testing method with the use of Rayleigh surface waves generated by an electromagnetic-acoustic transducer are considered. The paper presents experimental studies of planar defects detection, simulated by an artificial reflector of the "notch" type with different width, depth and angle of inclination. The dependences of the signal amplitude on the listed parameters are constructed and their character was estimated. The optimal amplitude models for constructing the probability of detection curves (PoD) have been determined. A conclusion is made about the minimum dimensions of an operational planar flaw detected by the considering method with a probability of 90%, taking into account the confidence interval of 95%.

scholarly journals Validation of artificial defects for Non-destructive testing measurements on a reference structure

2018 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 06006
Author(s):  
Maack Stefan ◽  
Villalobos Salvador ◽  
Scott David
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Reference Structure ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Uncertainty In Measurement ◽  
Realistic Representation ◽  
Reference Specimens ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

Non-destructive testing was established over the last decades as an important tool for assessing damages, material characterization and quality assurance in civil engineering. For example, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) can be used to scan large areas of concrete structures to determine the spatial position of the reinforcement. With the ultrasonic echo method, the thickness of concrete structures can be easily determined even if a high density of reinforcement is given. Various methods and processes have been developed for the validation of NDT procedures aiming at ensuring the quality of measurements in practical use. The Probability of Detection (POD) for example, is an available method to compare different technical devices with each other quantitatively regarding their performance. With this method, the best suited testing device for a specific inspection task under defined boundary conditions can be selected. By using the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM), it is possible to quantify the measurement uncertainty of an inspection procedure for a specific task. Another important aspect to improve the acceptance of Non-destructive testing methods is the development of reference specimens. Reference specimens serve for the calibration and further development of NDT methods under realistic conditions in different laboratories under the same conditions. A particular challenge here is the most realistic representation of a damage that can occur at building sites. Possible damages include for example horizontal and vertical cracks or honeycombs in concrete. Such a reference structure was built for the development of a new design of power plant constructions. Comparative studies on the manufacturing of realistic honeycombs and delaminations were carried out in advance on a test specimen. The results of this study are presented here.

Probability of Detection (POD)-Oriented View to Fault Diagnosis for Reliability Assessment of FDI Approaches

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Ameyaw ◽  
Sandra Rothe ◽  
Dirk Söffker
Keyword(s):  
Reliability Assessment ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Detection Quality ◽  
Non Destructive

Reliability assessment of Structural Health Monitoring systems applied to the diagnosis of faults in elastic structures is discussed in this contribution. In the field of Non Destructive Testing (NDT), Probability of Detection (POD) is used as a performance measure for quantifying the reliability of NDT approaches. However, reliability measures applied to Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) is not discussed much in this research area. In this contribution the reliability of vibration-based monitoring approaches with respect to their principal ability to detect changes, realize diagnosis, and isolate causes (as FDI) is discussed. Using eigenfrequency and band power as attributes, a novel feature-based POD is proposed and implemented as a reliability measure for vibration-based FDI. The a90/95 criteria which represents 90% probability of detecting a fault with 95% level of confidence is successfully implemented to an experimentally realized monitoring system. Emphases is made on improving the detection quality through sensor/information fusion. Acceleration, strain, and deflection measurement paths are utilized for diagnosis purposes based on experimental results.

Performance assessment of multi-MFL inspection using feature-based POD

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 592-596
Author(s):  
Xiang Peng ◽  
Kevin Siggers ◽  
Zheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Detection Capabilities ◽  
Corrosion Defects ◽  
Minimum Criteria ◽  
Pipeline Failures ◽  
Non Destructive

Oil and gas pipelines, which transport large quantities of oil products and natural gas, are subject to pipeline failures caused by corrosion. Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) is one of the most popular non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for the detection of pipeline corrosion. Since individual MFL is insensitive to the corrosion components that are parallel with its magnetic field, two types of MFL tools with perpendicular magnetic fields are usually employed in one inspection to detect all corrosion defects. This study applies probability of detection (POD) to quantitatively assess the detection capabilities of two individual MFL tools and their combination. Due to the characteristics of MFL inspection, this study proposes the construction of the POD model as a function of two geometric features, namely the volume and the orientation, which have a significant influence on the MFL signal response. Detection results from two MFL tools are integrated using logical OR operation to study the POD of their combination. With the proposed POD model, the minimum criteria that ensure a corrosion defect will be reliably detected by MFL tools are studied in this paper. The validity of the proposed POD model is justified on the data collected from an in-service pipeline.

Feasibility study of a multi-parameter probability of detection formulation for a Lamb waves–based structural health monitoring approach to light alloy aeronautical plates

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gianneo ◽  
Michele Carboni ◽  
Marco Giglio
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Non Destructive

In view of an extensive literature about guided waves–based structural health monitoring of plate-like structures made of metallic and composite materials, a lack of information is pointed out regarding an effective and universally accepted approach for characterizing capability and reliability in detecting, localizing and sizing in-service damages. On the other hand, in the frame of traditional non-destructive testing systems, capability is typically expressed by means of suitable ‘probability of detection’ curves based on Berens’ model, where a linear relationship is established between probability of detection and flaw size. Although the uncertain factors are usually different between a non-destructive inspection technique and a structural health monitoring approach, it seems that a similar mathematical framework could be assumed. From this point of view, this research investigates the feasibility of application of the very recent ‘multi-parameter’ probability of detection approach, developed within the traditional non-destructive testing field, to guided waves–based structural health monitoring. In particular, numerical simulations as well as experimental responses from flawed aluminium alloy plates were combined to bring about a ‘master’ probability of detection curve. Once established, this curve can be used to study the intrinsic capability of the system in terms of probability of detection curves, overcoming the intrinsic limitation of a single predictor (like the crack size) and a statistical model typically based upon a linear behaviour between the predictor and the response.

Non destructive testing of works of art by terahertz analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 21001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Bodnar ◽  
Jean-Jacques Metayer ◽  
Kamel Mouhoubi ◽  
Vincent Detalle
Keyword(s):  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
Non Destructive
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