scholarly journals PHYTOMETRIC INDICATORS OF PRODUCTIVITY OF WINTER RYE

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
Ivan Talanov ◽  
Gulina Huzina ◽  
Pavel Talanov
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Design Factor ◽  
Extremely High Frequency ◽  
Sowing Seed

The article presents the results of field studies on the assessment of methods of presowing seeds treatment on different nutritional backgrounds. The experiments were conducted on the experimental field of Agrochemistry and Soil Science Department of Kazan State Agrarian University in 2015-2018 on gray forest medium loam granulometric composition of the soil with a humus content according to Tyurin 3.4%, absorbed bases 18.4 mmol/100 g, hydrolytic acidity 3.9 mmol/100 g, P2O5 and K2O according to Kirsanov, respectively 179 and 151 mg per kg soil, salt pH 5.6. Experiment design: Factor A - Presowing treatment of seeds: 1. VialTT- disinfectant (2 kg/t); 2. Extremely high frequency therapy - 15 minutes; 3. Extremely high frequency therapy - 30 min .; 4. Extremely high frequency therapy - 15 m. + VialTT; 5. Extremely high frequency therapy - 30 m. + VialTT. The options for pre-sowing seed treatment in the tables will be indicated by numbers from 1 to 5. Factor B - Nutrition backgrounds: 1. Without fertilizers; 2. NRK at 4.0 tons per hectare. The results of studies showed that the maximum accumulation of dry plant biomass (6.79 tons per hectare), an increase in leaf surface area (49 thousand m2 ha), high photosynthetic potential (3017 thousand m2 x day/ha), better control over the spread and development of root rot (P - 23%, R - 9.3%) and the maximum yield of winter rye grain (3.88 tons) from 1 ha occurred against the background with the introduction of mineral fertilizers calculated at 4.0 tons per hectare and application of electromagnetic processing “Extremely high frequency therapy - 30 min. + VialTT disinfectant - 0.5 litre per ton "for pre-sowing seed treatment.

IMPACT OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENT OF SEEDS BY SUPERWEAK ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS OF EXTREMELY-HIGH FREQUENCY ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Морозов ◽  
Gennadiy Morozov ◽  
Таланов ◽  
Pavel Talanov ◽  
Таланов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Extremely High Frequency ◽  
Sowing Seed

The article presents the results of studies on the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment by electromagnetic impact to reduce phytopathogens on seeds, involvement of plants by root rot and leafy mycosis and improving the productivity and quality of winter rye grain.

scholarly journals Combined application of organomineral and mineral fertilizers in the fertilization system of winter wheat on the southern black soil of the Lower Don

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Artem Vladimirovich Ermilov ◽  
Roman Aleksandrovich Kamenev ◽  
Anatoly Petrovich Solodovnikov ◽  
Vladimir Nikolaevich Maksimchuk
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Fertilization System

The article presents an analysis of the determination of the effectiveness of mineral and organic fertilizers on the yield of winter wheat grain. The studies were carried out in 2017–2020 in the Rostov region on the southern chernozem. The object of research was the Doneko winter wheat variety. The predecessor is corn for grain. Ammonium nitrate, ANP fertilizer (16-16-16) and urea were used as mineral fertilizers, which were applied in the fertilization system of winter wheat and acted as a background option in the experimental scheme. ANP fertilizer (16-16-16) was introduced when sowing winter wheat, ammonium nitrate - scattered over thawed-frozen soil and carbamide in the heading phase by foliar method. Organomineral fertilizers were represented by the following types: Ruther, Leili 2000, Siamino Pro, Gumiful Pro, Soft Guard and Double Wine MKR (monocaliphosphate) produced by Biokepharm (Switzerland). The raw material for the production of organomineral fertilizers was the algae of the warm seas Laminaria. In the field experiment, the options for the joint application of foliar application and pre-sowing seed treatment with organomineral fertilizers were also studied. The control was the option without mineral fertilizers and the option with the background of the use of mineral fertilizers (farm fertilization system). It was found out that the use of organic fertilizers Ruter (0.5 or 0.25 l / t) and Leyli (0.25 l / t) for seed treatment before sowing, the use of Soft Guard (0.2 l / ha) and Gumiful Pro ( 0.2 l / ha) in the spring tillering phase and in the flag leaf phase against the background of sowing nitroammophoska at a dose of N32P32K32, random fertilizing on thawed-frozen soil with ammonium nitrate at a dose of N40 and the use of carbamide in the heading phase at a dose of N20 increased grain yield on average for 2018–2020 compared with the control (fertilization system of the farm) by 0.73 t / ha, or 23.0%. The maximum yield increase from the root-forming agent Ruther, used for pre-sowing seed treatment, reached 0.36 t / g, or 11.3%.  

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC PROCESSING OF SEEDS ON INCREASE OF WINTER RYE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Иван Таланов ◽  
Ivan Talanov
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Extremely High Frequency ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Chemical Disinfectant

Investigations established, that when presowing seed treatment with electromagnetic fields of an extremely high frequency of ranges of different intensities, the seeding properties of seeds are improved, the field germination of seeds increases and the plants are preserved for harvesting. The combined application of electromagnetic interference (30 m) and chemical disinfectant Vial TT (2 kg per ton) with seed dressing resulted in a decrease in plant damage caused by root rot and leaf-stalk mycoses, increased prodcutivity and grain quality. The maximum harvest of winter rye is 3.84 tons per hectare on the seed treatment option “Extremely high frequency - 30 m + Vial TT -2 kg per ton” and applying estimated doses of NPK by 4.0 tons per hectare. The addition of grain yield from the joint application of preseeding seed treatment of extremely high frequency of 30 m. + Vial TT -2 kg / t on a background without fertilizers was 0.45 tons per hectare, on a fertilized background - 0.49 tons per hectare.

scholarly journals Efficiency of nano preparations in soybean growing technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
S. M. Kalenska ◽  
◽  
N. V. Novytska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Sowing Seed

Nanotechnology is seen as one of the key technologies in the twenty-first century, which promises to improve traditional agricultural practices and offer sustainable development by improving management and conservation tactics by reducing agricultural resources costs. The creation and implementation of new environmentally friendly and technological nano preparation designed to increase the efficiency of plant nutrient use from mineral fertilizers and soil - is one of the ways to increase crop yields and the quality of agricultural products. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment and fertilizing of sowings by nano preparation Avatar (micro fertilizer of carboxylates of natural acids), Iodis-concentrate (immunomodulator – a stimulator of growth processes), and Super Micro Plus (nanochelate fertilizer), and leaf apparatus formation of soybean Khorol variety. Field research was conducted in 2016–2020 in a stationary experiment at the NULES of Ukraine «Agronomic Research Station» in 10-field crop rotation and also in laboratory «Demonstration collection field of crops» of the Plant Science Department. As a result of the conducted researches, was established that the use of nano preparation Avatar, Iodis-concentrate, and Super Micro Plus for seed treatment and fertilizing intensified leaf surface formation and symbiotic apparatus activity of soybean plants. The obtained results confirm that the application of the complex of nano fertilizers Jodis-concentrate, Avatar, and nano-chelate fertilizer Super Micro Plus in the soybean fertilization helped to increase the yield, which indicates their unconditional effectiveness. The highest efficiency of nano fertilizers was shown by inoculation and seed treatment by Avatar with co-fertilizing Avatar +nano-chelate fertilizer Super Micro Plus, providing formation of 52.4 thousand m2/ha of leaf surface area of soybean variety Khorol, 69.7 pcs/plant tubers on the root system, 785 mg/plant of their weight and yield at the level of 2.79 t/ha.

scholarly journals Эффективность применения удобрений при возделывании капусты белокочанной F1 Континент

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.Ju. Vasyuchkov ◽  
V.A. Borisov ◽  
G.A. Kostenko ◽  
O.N. Uspenskaya ◽  
A.A. Kolomiets
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Dry Matter Content

Цель исследований изучение потенциальной возможности получения максимальной урожайности новых гибридов капусты белокочанной при оптимизации ее питания на пойменных почвах Подмосковья. На окультуренной аллювиальной луговой среднесуглинистой почве поймы реки Москвы (Раменский район) в 20182019 годах проведены исследования по увеличению продуктивности нового гибрида поздней белокочанной капусты F1 Континент. Почвы характеризовались близкой к нейтральной реакцией среды, благоприятными агрофизическими свойствами, довольно высоким содержанием гумуса. Погодные условия 20182019 годов были в целом неблагоприятны для возделывания капусты: длительные засушливые периоды оказали сильное влияние на продуктивность растений капусты. Дефицит влаги восполняли дополнительными поливами. В схему опыта включены варианты с расчетными дозами минеральных удобрений (на урожайность 80, 100 и 120 т/га), использование анализа почвы и растений для определения необходимости подкормок, а также природный регулятор роста растений экстрасол (2 л/га) для оптимизации азотного питания капусты. Возделывание гибрида в условиях низкого (N90P50K135), среднего (N180P100K270) и высокого (N370P101K362) уровня минерального питания, с применением регулятора роста экстрасола (2 л/га) и подкормок азотно-калийными удобрениями в фазе розетки листьев позволило увеличить урожайность с 53 до 7585 т/га (на 4161) с выходом стандартной продукции более 90. Прибавка урожайности к варианту без удобрений (контроль) за счет улучшения питания растений составила 761, окупаемость 1 кг д.в. удобрений дополнительной продукцией в размере от 19 до 62 кг. При улучшении минерального питания отмечено увеличение содержания сахаров и витамина С в продукции, однако увеличение доз азотных удобрений более 250 кг/га д.в. в составе полного минерального удобрения приводит к превышению ПДК (500 мг/кг сырой массы) по нитратам и снижению содержания сухого вещества в кочанах. Окупаемость затрат на удобрения капусты по лучшим вариантам достигла 4762 кг продукции на 1 кг д.в. удобрений.The purpose of the research is to study the potential possibility of obtaining the maximum yield of new hybrids of cabbage when optimizing its nutrition on floodplain soils of the Moscow region. The studies were conducted to increase the productivity of a new hybrid of late cabbage F1 Kontinent on cultivated alluvial meadow medium loamy soil of the Moscow river floodplain (Ramenskii district) in 20182019. The soils were characterized by a close to neutral reaction of the medium, favorable agrophysical properties, and a rather high humus content. The weather conditions of 20182019 were generally unfavorable for the cultivation of cabbage: long dry periods had a strong impact on the productivity of cabbage plants. The deficit of moisture was compensated by additional irrigation. The experimental design included options with estimated doses of mineral fertilizers (for yields of 80, 100 and 120 t/ha), the use of soil and plant analysis to determine the need for fertilizing, and the natural plant growth regulator Extrasol (2 l/ha) to optimize nitrogen nutrition cabbage. The cultivation of the hybrid conditions is low (N90P50K135), medium (N180P100K270) and high (N370P101K362) mineral nutrition level, using the growth regulator Extrasol (2 l/ha) and fertilizing nitrogen-potassium fertilizers in the leaf outlet phase allowed to increase the yield of heads from 53 to 7585 tons per hectare (by 4161) with the output of standard products more than 90. The yield increase amounted to the option without fertilizers (control) due to improved plant nutrition 761, payback 1 kg a.s. fertilizers with additional products in the amount of 19 to 62 kg. An increase in the content of sugars and vitamin C in products was noted with an improvement in mineral nutrition, however, an increase in doses of nitrogen fertilizers of more than 250 kg/ha a.s. as a part of a complete mineral fertilizer leads to an excess of MPC (500 mg/kg of crude mass) in nitrates and a decrease in the dry matter content in heads of cabbage. Payback of the cost of cabbage fertilizers for the best variants reached 4762 kg of products per kg of a.s. fertilizer.

scholarly journals Influence of vermicompost aftereffect on the efficiency of spring barley cultivation in arid conditions of the Steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
O. O. Vinyukov ◽  
A. P. Dudkina ◽  
T. V. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Control Analysis

Barley is a crop, requires the availability of available nutrients in the soil, especially at the be-ginning of the growing season. The aim of the research was to determine the effectiveness of the aftereffect of using vermicompost when growing spring barley on different backgrounds in the Donetsk region. The studies were carried out according to the methodology of the field experiment of B. A. Dospehova. Research methods: field, supplemented by analytical studies, measurements, calculations and observations. The studies were conducted in 2017–2019 by laboratory-field method in field crop rotation in the experimental sections of the Donetsk SSES NAAS. The repetition in the experiments is 3-fold. The location of the plots is systematic. The soil is alkaline-chernozemic carbonate, having an average supply of mineral nitrogen and mobile phosphorus, low – potassium. The humus content of 4,2 % indicates a high potential soil fertility, but to realize the potential of the culture, additional application of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers is necessary. The technology for growing crops is generally accepted for the farms of the region, with the ex- ception of the factors studied. Variety of barley spring Avers. The experience scheme provides for: control (without fertilizers); background – saturation of crop rotation with vermicompost granular 2 t/ha; background + N30P30K30; background + N60P60K60; N30P30K30. The use of organic fertilizers under the predecessor in crop rotation provided improve nutriti-on conditions for plants, which positively affected the growth and development of spring barley plants. So, on the variants with the use of mineral fertilizers, the highest indices of the number of productive stems and the structure of the crop were noted in the background. The variant where N60P60K60 was added in the background produced the largest mass of 1000 grains – 49,8 g, which is 4,6 % higher than the control. Analysis of the study indicates the positive effect of the aftereffect of organic fertilizer (ver-micompost) on the yield of spring barley. The maximum yield of spring barley was obtained against the background of aftereffect of vermicompost 2 t/ha and the application of mineral fertilizers N60P60K60 – 5,05 t/ha, but due to high production costs, the profitability level is 114,9 %. The application of organic fertilizers under the background provides a yield of 3,67 t/ha and the highest level of profitability of 140,6 %. The optimal technological option provides for the introduction of mineral fertilizers in the norm N30P30K30 amid predecessor saturation with vermicompost. This allows increasing the yield up to 4,90 t/ha (by 1,46 t/ha or 42,4 % to the control) and obtaining a profitability level of 136,1 %. The use only of mineral fertilizer N30P30K30 in severely arid weather conditions of the steppe zone allows increasing the yield by 0,70 t/ha compared to the control but, due to the high cost of pro-duction, leads to a low production profitability of 99,6 %. Key words: spring barley, background, vermicompost, mineral fertilizers, yield, economic effici-ency.

scholarly journals The Influence of Bisolbifit as a Fertilizer Modifier on the Oat Productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00161
Author(s):  
Galina Saidyasheva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Yield Gain ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
The One ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of the research was to study the effect of mineral fertilizers and biological product Bisolbi-fit as a modifier on the oat productivity. The studies were carried out on the experimental field of Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agriculture, branch of Sam SC RAS. The soil was leached, heavy-clayey chernozem. The experiment was carried out in a 3-fold repetition by the method of split plots with a systematic arrangement of options. The total area of one plot was 145 m2 (5.8×25), the accounting area was 100 m2 (4×25). The experiment scheme was as follows: 1. Control; 2. Presowing seed treatment with BisolbiFit in a dose of 400–600 g/t; 3. N15P15K15 in a dose of 15 kg ai/ha; 4. N15P15K15m in a dose of 15 kg ai/ha; 5.½ N15P15K15m in a dose of 7.5 kg a.i./ha. The effectiveness of the fertilizers was assessed during the cultivation of crops for three backgrounds: 1) zero – without fertilization; 2) NH4NO3m – treated with BisolbiFit in the dose of 40 kg a.i./ha; 3) NH4NO3 – in a dose of 40 kg ai/ha. It was established that the use of the microbiological preparation based on the Bacillus subtilis strain Ch-13, intended both for inoculation of seeds and use as a biomodifier of mineral fertilizers, had a positive effect on the crop structure, yield and grain quality. The most effective option was the one with Azofoska applied in a dose of 15 kg and modified with BisolbiFit at the rate of 4 kg per one ton of fertilizers on all the backgrounds. The use of BisolbiFit both for the pre-sowing seed treatment and treatment of mineral granules, increased the NPK payback by the yield gain.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL METHODS OF CULTIVATION ON THE FORMATION OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF THE CROP OF VEGETABLE PEAS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST-STEPPE

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Ihor Didur ◽  
Voldemar Mostovenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
The Right ◽  
Technological Methods ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Seed treatment with boron and molybdenum and rhizotorphine helped to increase the length of the stem. It generally provided better aeration of crops due to better light, which amounted to 87.9 cm for boron treatment and 88.5 cm for molybdenum treatment, increasing the number of seeds in beans from 7 to 8 pcs. However, the weight of 1,000 seeds decreased slightly, both for boron treatments up to 156.5 and for molybdenum treatments up to 154.3 g. In addition, the use of foliar fertilizers Nanovit Mono Bohr in the budding phase contributed to increasing the length of the stem to 91.2 cm, the number of seeds in beans to 9 pcs, the weight of 1,000 seeds to 161.4 g, and the yield level to 7.5 t / ha. In order to obtain the maximum yield of peas vegetable varieties of Skinado and Sommerwood at the level of 7-8 t / ha in the conditions of Vinnytsia it is necessary to add mineral fertilizers N40K60R60, (phosphoric and potash - under the basic cultivation of soil, nitrogen - under pre- sowing cultivation). Before planting vegetable peas, seed treatment with risotrophin, boron, molybdenum and as extra-root nutrition is carried out by Nanovite Mono Bor - 1 l / ha and Molybdenum Nanovite - 0.5 l / ha in the budding phase. Treatment of seeds with boron and molybdenum contributes to increasing the length of the stem, which in general provides better aeration of crops due to better lighting. Further study of the factors of intensification of the technology of growing vegetable peas, in particular, on the implementation of foliar infusions in the phase of seeding began to be needed.

scholarly journals Improvement of spring wheat cultivation technologies for sustainable development of agriculture in the Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Irina Vyacheslavovna Sergeeva ◽  
Natalya Nikolaevna Gusakova ◽  
Yulia Mikhailovna Andryanova ◽  
Yulia Mikhailovna Mokhonko
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Active Substances

The use of synthetic biologically active substances in the technology of cultivation of spring wheat contributes to an increase in its productivity, stable, high yields, and, consequently, to   a sustainable and effective development of agriculture. In the course of our research, we studied the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with selenium-containing biologically active substances with varying agrophones on the production process of spring wheat in the conditions of leached chernozems of the Saratov Right Bank. The stimulating effect of biologically active substances (selenochromylium perchlorate   and selenochromene) on the sowing qualities of spring wheat (Belyanka and Prokhorovka varieties) was established. A significant increase in the yield of the studied varieties of soft spring wheat was  during inoculation of seeds with solutions of selenochromylium perchlorate   and selenochromene. The application  of biologically active substances, especially selenium-containing substances, increased the payback of mineral fertilizers with an additional harvest. The selenochromene  preparation on the crops of the Prokhorovka variety was the most effective. It is shown that the application  of biologically active substances is an effective way to increase the productivity of agricultural crops.

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