scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF FERTIGATION ON SOIL SALINATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Bulat Ziganshin ◽  
Ilgiz Galiev ◽  
Rail Khusainov ◽  
Al'bert Muhametshin ◽  
Ahmed H. Abdel'fattah
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Salt Leaching ◽  
Soil Desalinization ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One

The salt state has a noticeable effect on the physical and water properties of the soil. That is why the distribution of its water-physical properties along the profile and in space in territories with different soil-climatic, hydrological and hydrochemical conditions should be individual. This is due, on the one hand, to the fact that water is directly involved in the processes of transfer and distribution of salts. On the other hand, the main parameters of the processes of moisture and salt transfer directly depend on the physical properties of the soil, which change under the influence of soluble salts. We have assessed the effect of fertigation on the physicochemical properties of the soil. Four fertigations with different salinity levels were tested. The influence of precipitation on soil desalinization through salt leaching was controlled by comparing changes in soil electrical conductivity during and after the growing season. To measure the studied characteristics, sensors of the 5TE type were used, which independently determine three indicators - the volumetric water content (VWC) by measuring the dielectric constant of the medium based on capacitive / frequency technology, temperature and EC. The stability of soil aggregates was also measured as an indicator of soil degradation. The electrical conductivity of the soil during pre-sowing (or after sowing) treatment was higher than at the end of the growing season. Experimental studies were carried out in the western part of the city of Prague on the campus of the Czech University of Life Sciences with geographic coordinates 50 ° 8'N and 14 ° 23'E. The altitude is 286 m, the average annual air temperature is 9.1 ° C, the amount of precipitation is 495 mm. The soil is loamy chernozem with a content of 22.0 ... 32.5% sand, 39.5 ... 54.0% silt and 22.0 ... 28.0% clay. The limiting field moisture capacity of the soil and the moisture content of stable wilting are 34 and 21%, respectively. It was found that fertigation in the short term is not harmful to the soil in the presence of sufficient precipitation

scholarly journals Lack of Response of Some Food Crops to the Application of Synthetic Soil Conditioners to A Clay Soil in Lajas Valley

1969 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
M. A. Lugo-López ◽  
J. A. Bonnet ◽  
M. Rico-Ballester ◽  
G. Acevedo
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Dry Powder ◽  
Soil Conditioners ◽  
The Stability

Data are presented here from a field experiment where Krilium 6 and 9, Aerotil, and Goodrite (dry powder of the first three and flakes of the fourth) were applied to the uppermost 6 inches of a Santa Isabel clay soil at the Lajas Valley, each at rates of 900, 1,800, and 3,600 pounds to the acre. Three crops: Tomatoes, white beans, and sweetpotatoes, were grown in the sequence following the establishment of the treatment differentials. None of the crops showed any response to the soil-conditioning chemicals. The stability of the soil aggregates of Santa Isabel clay, which is naturally high, was not affected by the treatment. The data presented show also that the water movement and retention and other soil physical properties remain unaffected by treatment. The lack of response is discussed and compared with other problem soils where crop responses have been measured.

scholarly journals The effect of fertigation on salinization and stability of soil aggregates, taking into account the effectiveness of precipitation on their natural desalination in central Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00119
Author(s):  
Bulat Ziganshin ◽  
Ilgiz Galiev ◽  
Rail Khusainov ◽  
Ahmed Abdelfattah
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Soil Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Aggregate Stability ◽  
Salt Leaching ◽  
Soil Desalination ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Properties Of Soil

The effect of fertigation on the physicochemical properties of soil was estimated. Three fertigation procedures with different salinity levels were tested. The effect of precipitation on soil desalination through salt leaching was controlled by comparing changes in soil electrical conductivity during and after vegetation. Soil aggregate stability was measured as an indicator of soil degradation. The electrical conductivity of soil during pre-sowing (or after sowing) treatment was higher than at the end of the growing season. This difference decreased significantly, becoming insignificant after winter due to the effective dissolving effect of rain and snow. The article considers the issues of natural soil desalination, taking into account precipitation. Studies of soil desalination by leaching of salts were described. It was revealed that in the short term fertigation is not harmful to the soil if the amount of precipitation is sufficient.

scholarly journals Natural groundwaters in Poland - occurrence, properties and chemical types

2020 ◽  
pp. 363-370
Author(s):  
Joanna Ziemska ◽  
Jolanta Solecka ◽  
Małgorzata Mazańska ◽  
Tomasz Szynal
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Redox Potential ◽  
Geological Environment ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Water Chemical Composition ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Of Water

Chemical composition, organoleptic and physicochemical properties of natural groundwaters are varied and dependent on their geological environment. Determining the basic organoleptic properties – such as colour, taste, odour – as well as physical properties – such as electrical conductivity or redox potential – allow us to assess the stability of water chemical composition. Based on their origin, groundwaters can be divided into infiltration, as well as condensation, juvenile, metamorphic and relic groundwaters, which are currently of lesser value. Groundwaters sourced in Poland belong to various chemical types and play an important role in balneotherapy and the bottling industry. Of particular importance are thermal, bicarbonate, chloride or sulphate type waters. There is also a growing interest in humic waters found in the Wielkopolska region.

Use of a Lyophilized Reference Plasma to Compare Coagulation Test Procedures

1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
pp. 426-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Kahan ◽  
I Nohén
Keyword(s):  
Oral Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Measured Activity ◽  
Test Materials ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One

SummaryIn 4 collaborative trials, involving a varying number of hospital laboratories in the Stockholm area, the coagulation activity of different test materials was estimated with the one-stage prothrombin tests routinely used in the laboratories, viz. Normotest, Simplastin-A and Thrombotest. The test materials included different batches of a lyophilized reference plasma, deep-frozen specimens of diluted and undiluted normal plasmas, and fresh and deep-frozen specimens from patients on long-term oral anticoagulant therapy.Although a close relationship was found between different methods, Simplastin-A gave consistently lower values than Normotest, the difference being proportional to the estimated activity. The discrepancy was of about the same magnitude on all the test materials, and was probably due to a divergence between the manufacturers’ procedures used to set “normal percentage activity”, as well as to a varying ratio of measured activity to plasma concentration. The extent of discrepancy may vary with the batch-to-batch variation of thromboplastin reagents.The close agreement between results obtained on different test materials suggests that the investigated reference plasma could be used to calibrate the examined thromboplastin reagents, and to compare the degree of hypocoagulability estimated by the examined PIVKA-insensitive thromboplastin reagents.The assigned coagulation activity of different batches of the reference plasma agreed closely with experimentally obtained values. The stability of supplied batches was satisfactory as judged from the reproducibility of repeated measurements. The variability of test procedures was approximately the same on different test materials.

A Relativistic Newtonian Mechanics Predicts with Precision the Results of Recent Neutrino-Velocity Experiments

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1032-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramzi Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Newtonian Mechanics ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Symmetry Principle ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
Complete Collapse

The research on quasi-luminal neutrinos has sparked several experimental studies for testing the "speed of light limit" hypothesis. Until today, the overall evidence favors the "null" hypothesis, stating that there is no significant difference between the observed velocities of light and neutrinos. Despite numerous theoretical models proposed to explain the neutrinos behavior, no attempt has been undertaken to predict the experimentally produced results. This paper presents a simple novel extension of Newton's mechanics to the domain of relativistic velocities. For a typical neutrino-velocity experiment, the proposed model is utilized to derive a general expression for . Comparison of the model's prediction with results of six neutrino-velocity experiments, conducted by five collaborations, reveals that the model predicts all the reported results with striking accuracy. Because in the proposed model, the direction of the neutrino flight matters, the model's impressive success in accounting for all the tested data, indicates a complete collapse of the Lorentz symmetry principle in situation involving quasi-luminal particles, moving in two opposite directions. This conclusion is support by previous findings, showing that an identical Sagnac effect to the one documented for radial motion, occurs also in linear motion.

Structure, Stability and Water Adsorption on Ultra-Thin TiO2 Supported on TiN

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Julio Gutierrez Moreno ◽  
Marco Fronzi ◽  
Pierre Lovera ◽  
alan O'Riordan ◽  
Mike J Ford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
Water Adsorption ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Molecular Water ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Rutile Structure ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One

<p></p><p>Interfacial metal-oxide systems with ultrathin oxide layers are of high interest for their use in catalysis. In this study, we present a density functional theory (DFT) investigation of the structure of ultrathin rutile layers (one and two TiO<sub>2</sub> layers) supported on TiN and the stability of water on these interfacial structures. The rutile layers are stabilized on the TiN surface through the formation of interfacial Ti–O bonds. Charge transfer from the TiN substrate leads to the formation of reduced Ti<sup>3+</sup> cations in TiO<sub>2.</sub> The structure of the one-layer oxide slab is strongly distorted at the interface, while the thicker TiO<sub>2</sub> layer preserves the rutile structure. The energy cost for the formation of a single O vacancy in the one-layer oxide slab is only 0.5 eV with respect to the ideal interface. For the two-layer oxide slab, the introduction of several vacancies in an already non-stoichiometric system becomes progressively more favourable, which indicates the stability of the highly non-stoichiometric interfaces. Isolated water molecules dissociate when adsorbed at the TiO<sub>2</sub> layers. At higher coverages the preference is for molecular water adsorption. Our ab initio thermodynamics calculations show the fully water covered stoichiometric models as the most stable structure at typical ambient conditions. Interfacial models with multiple vacancies are most stable at low (reducing) oxygen chemical potential values. A water monolayer adsorbs dissociatively on the highly distorted 2-layer TiO<sub>1.75</sub>-TiN interface, where the Ti<sup>3+</sup> states lying above the top of the valence band contribute to a significant reduction of the energy gap compared to the stoichiometric TiO<sub>2</sub>-TiN model. Our results provide a guide for the design of novel interfacial systems containing ultrathin TiO<sub>2</sub> with potential application as photocatalytic water splitting devices.</p><p></p>

COMPUTATIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF A LOW-EMISSION BURNER FOR A PERSPECTIVE TURBOJET ENGINE WITH THE COMPRESSION RATIO EXCEEDING 40

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Danilov ◽  
◽  
M. V. Drobysh ◽  
A. N. Dubovitsky ◽  
F. G. Markov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Aircraft Engines ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Turbojet Engine ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Civil Aircraft ◽  
The One

Restrictions of emissions for civil aircraft engines, on the one hand, and the need in increasing the engine efficiency, on the other hand, cause difficulties during development of low-emission combustors for such engines.

ELECTRAFIL G-50/SS/5

Alloy Digest ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Steel Fibers ◽  
Engineering Plastics ◽  
Shielding Material

Abstract ELECTRAFIL G-50/SS/5 provides good electrical conductivity at a low loading of stainless steel fibers. It is useful as a shielding material and for current carrying parts. This datasheet provides information on physical properties, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. Filing Code: Cp-13. Producer or source: AKZO Engineering Plastics.

COPPER ALLOY No. 120

Alloy Digest ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Residual Phosphorus ◽  
Low Level

Abstract COPPER No. 120 is a phosphorus deoxidized copper in which the residual phosphorus is maintained at a low level to acheive a good electrical conductivity. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-263. Producer or source: Copper and copper alloy mills.

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