Islamic Revolution and Women’s Issues in Iran in the Aspect of Social Communication

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Anna Berezina ◽  
O. Derbugova
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Islamic Revolution ◽  
Iranian Women ◽  
Islamic Feminism ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Civil Status ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
First Time

Nowadays the problems of socio-cultural communication covers the gender issue and changes in the role of women in society in particular. Traditionally, the women status in Muslim countries is most vulnerable. Despite this fact, there has emerged such a socio-cultural phenomenon as Islamic feminism in the Middle East. Islamic Revolution was the first time when Iranian women had declared themselves as a social and political force. Imam R. Khomeini used their social activity for his own political purposes. Despite the promises of the revolution leader, first actions of the new government differed from those the citizens expected: most of the rights and freedoms were restricted or eliminated. Iran is currently ranked 148th out of 153 countries on the gender gap index, overtaking only the countries with difficult internal political and economic situation, such as the DRC, Syria, Pakistan, Iraq and Yemen. The article analyzes the changes in the Iranian women status that have occurred in the following areas: civil status, education and science, economic activity, politics, art and sports. The positive measures taken in these spheres indicate that the society is undergoing a process of reconsidering the role of women, and the development of the women empowerment process in Iran will progress.

QUESTION ON THE WOMEN IDJITIHAD AND RELIGIOUS MENTORSHIP IN RELIGIOUS PRACTICES OF IRANIAN SHIITES

2020 ◽  
pp. 218-229
Author(s):  
Lana M. Ravandi-Fadai ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Women Religious ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Islamic Revolution ◽  
Women In Development ◽  
Ayatollah Khomeini ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Constitutional Revolution

The article examines the question of the women religious mentorship in modern Iran. It is shown that Iranian theologians differed in their opinion whether a woman can be a religious mentor (marja): many of them supported it, others agreed to it only if she should mentor other women, and many others, including Ayatollah Khomeini, opposed it. Brief biographies of two most prominent female marjas are given: those of Nesrat Amin and Zahra Sefati. Both of them received a permission to interpret Islamic texts from distinguished Iranian ayatollahs. With theirinitiative and eagernessfor knowledge, they managed to succeed in Shiite theology and their works were highly regarded by Iranian ayatollahs. It is evident that their activities were closely linked to important events that happened in Iranian society during their lifetime: the Constitutional Revolution, anti-religious Shah regime, Islamic Revolution. Currently due to increase in the education and social activity among women, a need arose to officially allow women to become marja. Today, in Iran there works the Women Council on Islamic Law, what allows to expand the role of women in development of Islamic Law

The Role of Women in Work-Family Balance According to the Islamic Perspective: A Systematic Study of Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Shela Saleh ◽  
◽  
Mohd Shafie Rosli ◽  
Riki Rahman ◽  
Thuaibah@Suaibah Abu Bakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Family Balance ◽  
Role Of Women

Economic change is moving the role of women to be holistic and flexible in employment sector engagement. Women are increasingly actively venturing into various fields either as subordinate employees or professional management. The problem arises once there are a handful of working women who fail to balance work and family commitments. In addition, it becomes the trigger of various side effects such as mental health, emotional tension and physiological health problems. Thus, the researcher conducted a systematic review of the literature to look at some of the views of previous researchers related to the issue of family work balance involving women, including in the context of Islamic perspective. Researchers use critical analysis that is to observe the findings of previous researchers. The World Economic Forum shows that Malaysia is ranked 104th in the Global Gender Gap index 2020. The study also found that there are many factors that cause work and family imbalance among working women. Therefore, working women also requisite to ensure that their responsibilities to the family continue to be fulfilled based on the concept of religion. Work and family balance can have a positive impact on women’s well-being and maintain sustainability of work performance as well as commitment to family.

The Evolution of the Role of Women in Labor Markets in Developed Economies

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Elisabeth T. Pereira ◽  
Stefano Salaris
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
And Gender

The role of women in labor markets has been characterized by great changes in the last century, with gender inequalities decreasing in most developed countries. The stereotypes related to women in labor markets have been hard to break within social norms and cultures. Many efforts have been made in recent decades by governments and national and international institutions to decrease and promote women's empowerment and gender equality in labor markets. This chapter has as its main purposes to provide an overview of the evolution of the role of women in labor markets in developed countries and to investigate this evolution based on a set of variables: gender participation rates, education, employment, the gender gap in management, wages and the gender wage gap, and public policies and laws. However, despite the positive evolution of the participation rate of women in labor markets that has been observed in recent decades, gender inequalities still persist.

scholarly journals Women and the Islamic Revolution

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adele K. Ferdows
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Revolution ◽  
Crisis Situation ◽  
Traditional Societies ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Women's Role ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Islamic Society ◽  
Tremendous Impact

Defining the role of women in Islamic society has been an issue for debate in post-revolutionary Iran, particularly in light of recent rulings affecting women. This is not merely a theoretical debate but a crisis situation where some women who participated in the revolution alongside men now find themselves in a peculiarly difficult position in relation to society and the current government. Ali shariati (d. 1977), through his publihsed works and transcribed lectures during the 1960s and 1970s, has had a tremendous impact on the direction of this debate. Completely rejecting the role of women in both western and traditional societies, Shariati offers a third alternative: the figure of Fatima, daughter of the Prophet Mohammad and wife of Ali, the first Imam of the Shi'is as the personification of women's role.

scholarly journals Avantgarde Suomessa

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Women Artists ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Social ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
First Time

Avant-garde in Finland is the first book to provide an overarching introduction to avant-garde art by Finnish artists. The articles in the book discuss the application and development of the cultural ideas of the avant-garde in Finnish art from the early 20th century till the present day. The book focusses on the social, political, and artistic characteristics of avant-garde art and their manifestation in Finnish avant-garde literature, visual arts, architecture, fashion, and music. The book shows the remarkable role of women artists in the development of the Finnish avant-garde. Many artists and groups are presented in the book for the first time. At the same time, the articles highlight connections between well-known Finnish artists and international avant-garde movements that have not been recognized in earlier research. A key theme of the book is the tension between the internationality of avant-garde and the nationalist elements of Finnish culture. The book is peer-reviewed, and its authors are eminent senior scholars and younger researchers.

scholarly journals Gender dan Emansipasi Perempuan dalam Pendidikan Islam

KUTTAB ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Faisol Haq
Keyword(s):  
Gender Issues ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Islamic Feminism ◽  
The West ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Philosophical Thought ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
And Gender

The Islamic education problems that are often criticized by the West are gender issues, Islamic education is considered west to overrule the role of women in Islamic education, whereas in Islamic education since the beginning of Islam Strongly uphold women's standing, especially in terms of inheritance and the similarity of rights and obligations in science. In modern eras of women's emancipation movement in Islam are more likely to follow the western mindset, the activists of Islamic feminism could take a pattern of the Muslim philosopher Greek Helereism, as in classical Islam the Muslim philosopher could put aside the philosophical thought of Greek Helenism that was incompatible with the teachings of Islam, as well as to take the thought of Helenism Greek that matched the spirit of Islam. This article is an explanation of the gender movements and emancipation of women in particular in Islamic education. It is important to reconstruct the fundamentals of Islamic perspectives, because Islam has a universal view and equal rights in education between men and women is the same as other aspects and gender should be the same. Influenced by Islamic spiritual, especially in the rules of education for Muslims

The Gender Ambiguity of Fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
M. Victoria Almansa-Villatoro
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
Sexual Ambiguity ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Gender Ambiguity

SummaryThe role of women in the processes of fertilization and procreation in ancient Egypt has been traditionally regarded as passive. This article sets out to challenge this view, by introducing the new evidence that the study of the Hemusets provide. The Hemusets have been largely neglected by the Egyptological scholarship, and consequently, their important contribution to the discussion of fertilization is still ignored, but this research examines for the first time their relevant textual and iconographic sources. This investigation shows that the Hemusets are involved in the creation of food and provision of fertility for both lands and humans. Furthermore, the sexual ambiguity of their iconography, and their chthonic nature frames them in a broader Mediterranean context of androgynous creative goddesses.

scholarly journals The Role of Women in the Political Discourse of Muslim Countries

Islamovedenie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-23
Author(s):  
Gadzhimuradova Gyulnara Ilyasbekovna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Islamic Movements ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The One

The article is devoted to the problem of gender equality in Tunisia, Lebanon and Turkey. These countries belong to the Arab-Muslim world, where religious traditions and Sharia law are strong. The authors show what path these countries have taken in addressing gender equality is-sues and outline the role of women themselves in addressing the question of their rights. The article shows the results of women's struggle for their rights and the ways women's right to equality are implemented in each country. The authors emphasize the importance of women's participation in the social and political life of countries. They use the examples of Tunisia, Leb-anon and Turkey that, on the one hand, are part of the Muslim world, and, on the other hand, adhere to secular principles of government at the legislative level. The article shows that tradi-tions are still strong in these countries, and religion is a powerful social and political factor that affects the current state of gender equality and hinders women's participation in politics at dif-ferent levels of government. The study attempts to demonstrate the role governments and vari-ous Islamic movements play in shaping public policy towards women and their rights, and the role of women themselves in the society and in addressing gender equality issues.

scholarly journals The Other Gender Gap

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Samantha Small
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
The Other ◽  
Women In The Workplace ◽  
Technology Industry ◽  
Role Of Women

In the last century, international focus on workplace equality has reached an all-time high. The role of women in the workplace has been a point of dispute since the beginning of this era of professionalism. Support for bringing women into the technology industry has greatly overshadowed the efforts of recruiting men to fields historically dominated by women, despite the fact that this imbalance negatively impacts equality in the workplace. Women would introduce a new dynamic to the technology world and fields like teaching and nursing would be enhanced by an increase in the number of men in those fields. 

scholarly journals Daur al-Mar ati fi Najah al-Hijrati fi al-'Ahdi al-Nabawi

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Fajar Tresna Utama
Keyword(s):  
First Person ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Time

Since the revelation was revealed to our Prophet Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, for the first time in the cave of Hira. The woman was not in isolation from the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, and she was not excluded throughout the bright Islamic history from the initiative or participating in the da'wah march with all its events, and if we follow the role of women from the beginning of the revelation, we glimpse it clearly and without ambiguity. Prominent and without illusions, he, may God bless him and grant him peace, returned from the cave of Hira, afraid of what he saw. She patted his shoulder, and looked forward to the good from what he saw, so that he relieved his fear of security and tranquility, seeking with her cousin - Waraqah ibn Nawfal - to trust her husband from what he saw and increase him confidence and assurance, and by that she would be the first person to unite God after Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). She then takes the burden of the message in a way the history of a woman had never known before. These and other reasons preferred to write about a topic related to migration, which is: (The role of women in the success of migration during the Prophet's era). And this research also dealt with the definition of migration and the statement of the role of women in all stages of the prophetic migration and a conclusion and finally the researcher installed the list of sources and references. And one of the most important results is that the role of women is very great in emigration during the Prophet's era, since the revelation was revealed to the continuation of the call to the message. One of the most important recommendations is to pay attention to and care for the biography of the Prophet, and work to purify the biography books and Islamic culture from false narratives.

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