COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE INCLUSION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY THERAPY IN COPD PATIENTS WITH HIGH RISK

Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of used anesthesia methods in patients with acute pancreatitis in intensive care units settings using pain scales.Methods. Depending on the anesthesia type, 44 patients with acute pancreatitis were divided into three groups: the first group received intramuscular injections of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and spasmolytics, the second group - intramuscular injections of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioid analgesics, the third group - epidural anesthesia with local anesthetics. Comparative analysis of pain character, intensity was conducted, its dynamics in patients of all groups amid anesthesia was evaluated using a visual analogue scale, verbal rating scale, verbal descriptor scale, McGill pain questionnaire.Results. Baseline pain intensity in patients of all groups was high. Patients estimated this pain as «very strong». The time and the level of pain intensity reduction for various anesthesia types had differences. Pain syndrome was eliminated slower in patients of the second group. By the end of the 1st day, patients of this group continued to complain of «strong» pain. Pain intensity decreased only on the 2nd day - patients reported «moderate» pain. Pain syndrome was not completely eliminated in these patients for 2 days of anesthesia. 97.7% of patients reported that the visual analogue scale is the most acceptable pain assessment scale for them.Conclusion. In patients with acute pancreatitis, the most optimal anesthesia types are intramuscular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with spasmolytics and prolonged epidural anesthesia with local anesthetics; intramuscular administration of opioid analgesics with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is less effective in relieving pain.

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Repurposing Anti-Malaria Phytomedicine Artemisinin as a COVID-19 Drug

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2021.649532 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fatih M. Uckun ◽

Saran Saund ◽

Hitesh Windlass ◽

Vuong Trieu

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Health Condition ◽

Infection Process ◽

Spike Protein ◽

Organ Injury ◽

Cytokine Storm ◽

Infection Cycle ◽

Chinese Scientist ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Post Entry

Artemisinin is an anti-inflammatory phytomedicine with broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Artemisinin and its antimalarial properties were discovered by the Chinese scientist Tu Youyu, who became one of the laureates of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for this breakthrough in tropical medicine. It is a commonly used anti-malaria drug. Artemisinin has recently been repurposed as a potential COVID-19 drug. Its documented anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity has been attributed to its ability to inhibit spike-protein mediated and TGF-β-dependent early steps in the infection process as well as its ability to disrupt the post-entry intracellular events of the SARS-CoV-2 infection cycle required for viral replication. In addition, Artemisinin has anti-inflammatory activity and reduces the systemic levels of inflammatory cytokines that contribute to cytokine storm and inflammatory organ injury in high-risk COVID-19 patients. We postulate that Artemisinin may prevent the worsening of the health condition of patients with mild-moderate COVID-19 when administered early in the course of their disease.

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Sleep Quality in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With High Risk of Acute Exacerbation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-446799/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chong Xing ◽

Hui Shen ◽

Wenyang Li ◽

Wei Wang

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

High Risk ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Acute Exacerbation ◽

Overlap Syndrome ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Sleep Parameters

Abstract This was a prospective case-control study aimed to explore the sleep quality, especially sleep-related disorders, among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with high risk of acute exacerbation, and to determine the risk factors. We enrolled COPD patients with acute exacerbation or health control visited the first hospital of China Medical University from October 1st, 2017 to October 28th, 2018. The subjective and objective sleep parameters were compared among them, and then the stepwise multiple regression analysis were performed. We found that COPD patients with high risk of acute exacerbation had decreased subjective and objective sleep quality. Patients with COPD-obstructive sleep apnea overlap syndrome revealed decreased slow wave sleep than patients with COPD alone. The subjective sleep parameters were correlated with the frequency of acute exacerbation, dyspnea index and Epworth sleepiness score. The objective sleep parameters were related to the degree of airflow obstruction, COPD Assessment Test score and the Modified British Medical Research Council dyspena score. So, we believe that the subjective and objective sleep quality of patients with high risk of acute exacerbations of COPD was poor, and the sleep quality of patients with overlap syndrome was worse than that of patients with COPD alone.

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Comparative Analysis of Atherosclerosis Risk Factors in the Staff of the Tbilisi (Georgia) Cleaning Service

Journal of Antioxidant Activity ◽

10.14302/issn.2471-2140.jaa-20-3236 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Murman Kantaria ◽

Pavle Machavariani ◽

Giorgi Ormotsadze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

High Risk ◽

Risk Group ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Redox Status ◽

Pathological Process ◽

High Risk Group ◽

Average Value ◽

Group I

Objective Search of pathogenetic mechanisms and risk factors of atherosclerosis in the employees of the cleaning service in Tbilisi. Materials and Methods As a result of a preliminary survey and examination of 200 employes of Tbilisi cleaning service aged 25-45 years (2014-2016), 22 patients with angina, hypercholesterolemia, intimae-media thickness > 0.65 mm, were selected into I group, and 23 individuals without these disorders into II group. In the blood plasma of the selected patients the intensity of oxidative metabolism parameters, TAA and MDA were determined. The variance and correlation analysis (АNOVA) was used for conducting the comparative analysis of the levels of studied parameters. Results In the combined group (I+II) there are several reliable correlations between the Age -TCol, Age-MDA, BMI-Tg, BMI-MDA, LDLChol-HDLChol, LDLChol–TChol, HDLChol-TChol, LDLChol-MDA, LDLChol-TAA. no correlation between these parameters in individual groups (I and II) was found. That indicates that we have an imaginary correlation related to the large intergroup difference between the average values of the group indicators, that is the values of various indicators change during the development of the pathological process, but there is no causal relationship between these alterations. The reliable TAA-MDA correlation in the combined group (I+II) is related to the high anticorrelation between these parameters and the significantly higher average value of TAA in the low-risk group (II) in comparison to the high-risk group (I). Conclusion The results analysis indicates both the diagnostic value of redox status indicators and their leading role in the atherogenesis processes. In populations with a high risk of atherosclerosis, monitoring of serum TAA is recommended.

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Low-dose theophylline in addition to ICS therapy in COPD patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0251348 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. e0251348

Author(s):

Tiankui Shuai ◽

Chuchu Zhang ◽

Meng Zhang ◽

Yalei Wang ◽

Huaiyu Xiong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Dose ◽

Hospitalization Rate ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Exacerbation Rate ◽

Histone Deacetylase 2 ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Background A synergism has been reported between theophylline and corticosteroids, wherein theophylline increases and restores the anti-inflammatory effect of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) by enhancing histone deacetylase-2 (HDAC) activity. Several studies have explored the efficacy of low-dose theophylline plus ICS therapy on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but the results are discrepant. Method We conducted searches in electronic database such as PubMed, Web Of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase to find out original studies. Stata/SE 15.0 was used to perform all data analysis. Result A total of 47,556 participants from 7 studies were included in our analysis and the sample size of each study varied from 24 to 10,816. Theophylline as an add-on therapy to ICS was not associated with the reduction of COPD exacerbations (HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.97 to 1.19, I2 = 95.2%). Instead, the theophylline group demonstrated a higher hospitalization rate (HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.15, I2 = 20.4%) and mortality (HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.25, I2 = 0%). Further, the anti-inflammatory effect of low-dose theophylline as an adjunct to ICS on COPD was controversial. Besides, the theophylline group showed significant improvement in lung function compared with the non-theophylline group. Conclusion Based on current evidence, low-dose theophylline as add-on therapy to ICS did not reduce the exacerbation rate. Instead, the hospitalization rate and mortality increased with theophylline. Thus, we do not recommend adding low-dose theophylline to ICS therapy in COPD patients. Trial registration PROSPERO Registration CRD42021224952.

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