UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF CARBON FIBER/VINYL ESTER LAMINATES

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.12783/asc36/35954 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

ZACKERY NIETO ◽

ALEJANDRA CASTELLANOS

Keyword(s):

Carbon Fiber ◽

Uncertainty Quantification ◽

Manufacturing Process ◽

Vinyl Ester ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Filament Winding ◽

Impact Response ◽

Distribution Model ◽

Cfrp Composites ◽

The Impact

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are lightweight materials with a high stiffness-to-weight ratio and high strength-to-weight ratio. CFRP composites consist of two constituents: reinforcement and matrix. The reinforcement consists of carbon fibers and the matrix generally consists of a thermoset or thermoplastic resins. Through choices made between these two constituents, lightweight composites can be custom-tailored to fit specific criteria, including, but not limited to, water resistance for naval vessels, thermal resistance to negate environmental degradation, and UV resistance to negate UV degradation. Many uncertainties can arise with such a vast capability in adaptation depending on material choice, manufacturing methods (vacuum assisted resin transfer molding VARTM, layup, and filament winding), and post-manufacturing processes. These uncertainties can build upon one another leading to less accurate theoretical applications when compared to their real-life counterpart. The purpose of this project is to create an indepth uncertainty quantification (UQ) analysis based on vinyl-ester resin as a preliminary report for a future carbon fiber/vinyl-ester composite UQ analysis. To properly ascertain the magnitude of uncertainty during the manufacturing process, the resin to hardener ratio and cure time were studied to understand their effect on the impact response of vinyl ester samples. Vinyl ester specimens were impacted with an impact energy of 3.3 J to produce barely visible damage (BVID) on the samples. Energy, force, displacement and time were collected for analysis. Using a Monte Carlo simulation, a probability distribution model was generated to understand the effects and UQ influence of the manufacturing process in the impact response of vinyl ester specimens.

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Effects of UV Light and Moisture Absorption on the Impact Resistance of Three Different Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites

Volume 1: Advances in Aerospace Technology ◽

10.1115/imece2014-39999 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

V. Patlolla ◽

J. George ◽

Soo-Han Loo ◽

R. Asmatulu

Keyword(s):

Carbon Fiber ◽

Moisture Absorption ◽

Uv Light ◽

Load Capacity ◽

Contact Angles ◽

Impact Testing ◽

Impact Response ◽

Uv Exposure ◽

Impact Behavior ◽

The Impact

The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of material properties on the impact response of a laminate, whereby specimens were fabricated and cured under a vacuum and high temperature using three types of pre-impregnated (prepreg), carbon fibers, namely unidirectional fiber, plain weave woven fiber, and non-crimp fiber (NCF). Each carbon fiber panel, usually known for its low-impact properties, of 16 plies underwent impact testing using a low-velocity impactor and visual damage inspection by C-scan in order to measure the damage area and depth, before and after impact testing. These panels were treated with UV exposure and moisture conditioning for 20 days each. Water contact angles were taken into consideration to determine the hydrophobicity and hydrophillicity of the respective prepreg materials. Experimental results and damage analysis showed that UV exposure and moisture conditioning showcased the variation in impact response and behavior, such as load-carrying capacity, absorbed energy, and impact energy of the carbon fiber panels. This study illustrates that non-crimp carbon fiber laminates were far more superior relative to load capacity than woven and unidirectional laminates, with the NCF-AS laminate exhibiting the highest load capacity of 17,244 lb/in (pre-UV) with only 0.89% decrease after UV exposure. This same laminate also had a 1.54% decrease in sustaining impact and 31.4% increase in wettability of the panel. Moreover, the study shows how symmetric and asymmetric stacking sequences affect the impact behavior of non-crimp fiber laminates. These results may be useful for expanding the capacity of carbon fiber, lowering costs, and growing new markets, thus turning carbon fiber into a viable commercial product.

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Impact of Cutting Forces and Chip Microstructure in High Speed Machining of Carbon Fiber – Epoxy Composite Tube

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials ◽

10.1515/amm-2017-0269 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 1771-1777 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Y. Allwin Roy ◽

K. Gobivel ◽

K.S. Vijay Sekar ◽

S. Suresh Kumar

Keyword(s):

Carbon Fiber ◽

Feed Rate ◽

Cutting Forces ◽

High Speed ◽

Cutting Speed ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Cutting Parameters ◽

High Speed Machining ◽

The Impact ◽

Thrust Forces

AbstractCarbon fiber reinforced polymeric (CFRP) composite materials are widely used in aerospace, automobile and biomedical industries due to their high strength to weight ratio, corrosion resistance and durability. High speed machining (HSM) of CFRP material is needed to study the impact of cutting parameters on cutting forces and chip microstructure which offer vital inputs to the machinability and deformation characteristics of the material. In this work, the orthogonal machining of CFRP was conducted by varying the cutting parameters such as cutting speed and feed rate at high cutting speed/feed rate ranges up to 346 m/min/ 0.446 mm/rev. The impact of the cutting parameters on cutting forces (principal cutting, feed and thrust forces) and chip microstructure were analyzed. A significant impact on thrust forces and chip segmentation pattern was seen at higher feed rates and low cutting speeds.

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Effect of Different Environmental Conditions on the Mechanical Properties of CFRP Composites

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.b7263.129219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 2948-2951

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Carbon Fiber ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers ◽

Reinforced Polymers ◽

Cfrp Composites ◽

Carbon Fiber Reinforced

Carbon Fiber–Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) are extremely strong and stiff. They possess high corrosion resistance and their usage increase where rigidity and high strength-to-weight ratio are needed. Therefore they have been gaining wide usage in number of applications such as aerospace, marine, defense, civil and automobile as of their greater advantages. However the performances of these composites suffer when they are exposed to adverse environmental conditions such as moisture and high temperatures. This study work has been carried out to investigate the effect of environment on carbon composites. The primary purpose of this research study is to explore the degradation of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymers CFRP composites under various environmental conditions. The environmental conditions have been limited to influence of water uptake and high temperature in this study and the effect of environmental conditions on the tensile strength and modulus of the CFRP composites. For the very purpose, laminates of IM7/977-2 are designed and manufactured. Tensile testing on dry/wet coupons under room/high temperature conditions are conducted to investigate the degradation in strength and modulus of CFRP composites.

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Application of Deep Transfer Learning and Uncertainty Quantification for Process Identification in Powder Bed Fusion

ASCE-ASME J Risk and Uncert in Engrg Sys Part B Mech Engrg ◽

10.1115/1.4051748 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Piyush Pandita ◽

Sayan Ghosh ◽

Vipul Gupta ◽

Andrey Meshkov ◽

Liping Wang

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Uncertainty Quantification ◽

Transfer Learning ◽

Manufacturing Process ◽

Powder Bed Fusion ◽

Accurate Identification ◽

Efficient Manner ◽

Process Maps ◽

Powder Bed ◽

The Impact

Abstract Accurate identification and modeling of process maps in additive manufacturing remains a pertinent challenge. To ensure high quality and reliability of the finished product researchers rely on models that entail the physics of the process as a computer code or conduct laboratory experiments which are expensive and oftentimes demands significant logistic and overheads. Physics based computational modeling has shown promise in alleviating the aforementioned challenge, albeit with limitations like physical approximations, model-form uncertainty, and limited experimental data. This calls for modeling methods that can combine limited experimental and simulation data in a computationally efficient manner, in order to achieve the desired properties in the manufactured parts. In this paper, we focus on demonstrating the impact of probabilistic modeling and uncertainty quantification on powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing by focusing on the following three milieu: a) accelerating the parameter development processes associated with laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing process of metals, b) quantifying uncertainty and identifying missing physical correlations in the computational model, and c) transferring learned process maps from a source to a target process. These tasks demonstrate the application of multi-fidelity modeling, global sensitivity analysis, intelligent design of experiments and deep transfer learning for a meso-scale meltpool model of the additive manufacturing process.

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Low-velocity impact performance of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics modified with carbon nanotube, nanoclay and hybrid nanoparticles

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites ◽

10.1177/0731684417693429 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 36 (9) ◽

pp. 696-713 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Tanjheel H Mahdi ◽

Md Ekramul Islam ◽

Mahesh V Hosur ◽

Shaik Jeelani

Keyword(s):

Carbon Fiber ◽

Hybrid Nanoparticles ◽

Fiber Reinforced ◽

Impact Performance ◽

Fiber Reinforced Plastic ◽

Cfrp Composites ◽

Reinforced Plastic ◽

Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽

The Impact ◽

Composite Samples

Addition of nanoparticles in polymeric composites for use in fabrication and characterization of fiber-reinforced plastic composites has recently shown a lot of promise. Nanoparticles typically used in most studies include multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and nanoclay. In the current research, in addition to including nanoclay and MWCNTs individually, we have also studied the effect of hybrid of the two in enhancing the impact performance of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites. We have fabricated CFRP composites with 0.3 wt.% of MWCNTs, 2 wt.% of nanoclay and hybrid of MWCNTs and nanoclay at 0.1 wt.% and 2 wt.%, respectively. Control samples were also fabricated with no nanoparticles. Composite laminates were subjected to impact loading at 30, 40 and 50 J energy levels. Energy, load, displacement and velocity responses of samples were obtained. Damage area of control and all modified samples were investigated using digital thermography technique and compared. MWCNT and nanoclay enhanced the impact properties and reduced the damaged area of composite samples slightly. However, significant improvement was noticed for the hybrid nanoparticle-reinforced composite samples.

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