scholarly journals Personal data in artificial intelligence projects: main study elements.

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Juan Francisco Rodríguez Ayuso
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Main Study ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact

This research focuses on the impact of the new regulations on the protection of personal data in the scientific field of computer science, which is centered on the creation of programs and mechanisms that can display behaviors considered intelligent. In other words, the necessary respect for the fundamental right to data protection in those technological advances that, progressively, make machines think like human beings, determining what are the possible legal bases that can be found to legitimize all processing of personal data that occur in this new field.

Effects and Projections of the Brazilian General Data Protection Law (LGPD) Application and the Role of the DPO

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-208
Author(s):  
Claudio Roberto Pessoa ◽  
Bruna Cardoso Nunes ◽  
Camila de Oliveira ◽  
Marco Elísio Marques
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
The World ◽  
General Data ◽  
Data Protection Law ◽  
The Impact

The world scenario is changing when we talk about personal data protection. Not that long ago, it was common to find companies that sell databases, and other companies that work with the information contained into these databases, aimed to create profiles and generate solutions, using technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, among others, looking to be attractive and get more customers. In order to protect the privacy of citizens across the world, laws have been created and/or expanded to reinforce this protection. In Brazil, specifically, the Lei de Proteção de Dados Pessoais – LGPD [General Data Protection Law] was created. This research aims to analyze this law, as well as other laws that orbit around it. The goal is to know the impact of law enforcement on business routine and, as a specific objective, what the role of DPO (Data Protection Officer) in organizations will be.

Trading faces: Complete AI face doubles avoid the uncanny valley

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Welker ◽  
David France ◽  
Alice Henty ◽  
Thalia Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Uncanny Valley ◽  
Torture Survivors ◽  
The Uncanny ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Full Face ◽  
The Impact

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) enable the creation of videos in which a person appears to say or do things they did not. The impact of these so-called “deepfakes” hinges on their perceived realness. Here we tested different versions of deepfake faces for Welcome to Chechnya, a documentary that used face swaps to protect the privacy of Chechen torture survivors who were persecuted because of their sexual orientation. AI face swaps that replace an entire face with another were perceived as more human-like and less unsettling compared to partial face swaps that left the survivors’ original eyes unaltered. The full-face swap was deemed the least unsettling even in comparison to the original (unaltered) face. When rendered in full, AI face swaps can appear human and avoid aversive responses in the viewer associated with the uncanny valley.

Data protection and passenger name record in judicial criminal matters under the EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement

2021 ◽  
pp. 203228442199492
Author(s):  
Catherine Van de Heyning
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Cooperation Agreement ◽  
Judicial Cooperation ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Criminal Matters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The submission discusses the provisions in the EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement on data protection as well as the consequences for the exchange of passenger name record data in the field of criminal and judicial cooperation. The author concludes that the impact of the Agreement will depend on the resolvement of the United Kingdom to uphold the standards of protection of personal data equivalent to the EU’s in order to reach an adequacy decision.

From Decline of the West to Dawn of Day

Janus Head ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Hub Zwart ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
The West ◽  
Smart Technologies

This paper subjects Dan Brown’s most recent novel Origin to a philosophical reading. Origin is regarded as a literary window into contemporary technoscience, inviting us to explore its transformative momentum and disruptive impact, focusing on the cultural significance of artificial intelligence and computer science: on the way in which established world-views are challenged by the incessant wave of scientific discoveries made possible by super-computation. While initially focusing on the tension between science and religion, the novel’s attention gradually shifts to the increased dependence of human beings on smart technologies and artificial (or even “synthetic”) intelligence. Origin’s message, I will argue, reverberates with Oswald Spengler’s The Decline of the West, which aims to outline a morphology of world civilizations. Although the novel starts with a series of oppositions, most notably between religion and science, the eventual tendency is towards convergence, synthesis and sublation, exemplified by Sagrada Família as a monumental symptom of this transition. Three instances of convergence will be highlighted, namely the convergence between science and religion, between humanity and technology and between the natural sciences and the humanities.

scholarly journals A SEGMENT STUDY OF MORAL CRISIS ON SOCIAL MEDIA AND ONLINE USING THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATION: A WAKE-UP CALL

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (22) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Nor ‘Adha Ab Hamid ◽  
Azizah Mat Rashid ◽  
Mohd Farok Mat Nor
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Moral Crisis ◽  
Use Of Social Media

The development of science and technology is always ahead and has no point and seems limitless. Although human beings are the agents who started this development but eventually faced with a bitter situation which can sacrifice human moral, right and interest of our future. Shariah criminal offenses nowadays can not only occur or be witnessed by a person in a meeting physically with the perpetrator. As a result of technological developments, such behavior can occur and can be witnessed in general by larger groups. Although the illegal treatment which is not in accordance with sharia law and the moral crisis issues happening surrounding us and is rampant on social media, no enforcement is done on perpetrators who use social media medium. According to sharia principles, something that is wrong should be prevented and it is the responsibility of all Muslim individuals. But what is happening today, some Shariah criminal behavior, especially in relation to ethics, can occur easily using facilities technology driven by technological ingenuity. If the application of existing legal provisions is limited and has obstacles for enforcement purposes, then the problem needs to be overcome due to development the law should be in line with current developments. The study aims to identify a segment and cases of the moral crisis on social media and online using the artificial intelligence (AI) application and to identify the needs for shariah prevention. This thesis uses qualitative approaches, adopts library-based research, and, by content analysis of documents, applies the literature review approach. The findings show that the use of social media and AI technology has had an impact on various issues such as moral crisis, security, misuse, an intrusion of personal data, and the construction of AI beyond human control. Thus, the involvement and cooperation of various parties are needed in regulating and addressing issues that arise as a result of the use of social media and AI technology in human life.

scholarly journals Artificial intelligence, Digital Single Market and the proposal of a right to fair and reasonable inferences: a legal issue between ethics and techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-91
Author(s):  
Alexandre Veronese ◽  
Alessandra Silveira ◽  
Amanda Nunes Lopes Espiñeira Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
European Union ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Single Market ◽  
Legal Issue ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation

The article discusses the ethical and technical consequences of Artificial intelligence (hereinafter, A.I) applications and their usage of the European Union data protection legal framework to enable citizens to defend themselves against them. This goal is under the larger European Union Digital Single Market policy, which has concerns about how this subject correlates with personal data protection. The article has four sections. The first one introduces the main issue by describing the importance of AI applications in the contemporary world scenario. The second one describes some fundamental concepts about AI. The third section has an analysis of the ongoing policies for AI in the European Union and the Council of Europe proposal about ethics applicable to AI in the judicial systems. The fourth section is the conclusion, which debates the current legal mechanisms for citizens protection against fully automated decisions, based on European Union Law and in particular the General Data Protection Regulation. The conclusion will be that European Union Law is still under construction when it comes to providing effective protection to its citizens against automated inferences that are unfair or unreasonable.

Personal Data Sharing and Legal Issues of Human Rights in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Sheshadri Chatterjee ◽  
Sreenivasulu N.S.
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Regulatory Controls ◽  
The Impact

Personal data sharing has become an important issue in public and private sectors of our society. However, data subjects are perceived to be always unwilling to share their data on security and privacy reasons. They apprehend that those data will be misused at the cost of their privacy jeopardising their human rights. Thus, personal data sharing is closely associated with human right issues. This concern of data subjects has increased manifolds owing to the interference of Artificial Intelligence (AI) since AI can analyse data without human intervention. In this background, this article has taken an attempt to investigate how applications of AI and imposition of regulatory controls with appropriate governance can influence the impact of personal data sharing on the issues of human right abuses.

scholarly journals Transparency you can trust: Transparency requirements for artificial intelligence between legal norms and contextual concerns

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 205395171986054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike Felzmann ◽  
Eduard Fosch Villaronga ◽  
Christoph Lutz ◽  
Aurelia Tamò-Larrieux
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
General Data ◽  
The Impact

Transparency is now a fundamental principle for data processing under the General Data Protection Regulation. We explore what this requirement entails for artificial intelligence and automated decision-making systems. We address the topic of transparency in artificial intelligence by integrating legal, social, and ethical aspects. We first investigate the ratio legis of the transparency requirement in the General Data Protection Regulation and its ethical underpinnings, showing its focus on the provision of information and explanation. We then discuss the pitfalls with respect to this requirement by focusing on the significance of contextual and performative factors in the implementation of transparency. We show that human–computer interaction and human-robot interaction literature do not provide clear results with respect to the benefits of transparency for users of artificial intelligence technologies due to the impact of a wide range of contextual factors, including performative aspects. We conclude by integrating the information- and explanation-based approach to transparency with the critical contextual approach, proposing that transparency as required by the General Data Protection Regulation in itself may be insufficient to achieve the positive goals associated with transparency. Instead, we propose to understand transparency relationally, where information provision is conceptualized as communication between technology providers and users, and where assessments of trustworthiness based on contextual factors mediate the value of transparency communications. This relational concept of transparency points to future research directions for the study of transparency in artificial intelligence systems and should be taken into account in policymaking.

Cybernetics, Genetic Engineering and the Future of Psychotherapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Robert M. Anderson ◽  
Yevgenyia K. Melnik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Daunting Task ◽  
Human Life Span

This essay describes possible futures that may result from accelerating technological advances and the challenges these futures present to psychotherapists. In the next 100 years, human beings will be likely to increasingly use computers and artificial intelligence and become extremely dependent on this relationship. Chip and stem cell implants may provide people with greater memory capacity, computational capacity, and skill sets. Genetic engineering, cryonics, and cloning may allow dramatic increases in the human life span these developments occur, they will challenge what it means to be a human being and have a soul. Although psychotherapists will acquire new tools for assessment and intervention, they will face the daunting task of addressing these changes and challenges to personhood with their clients.

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