scholarly journals A New Concept of Electrical-Equipment Explosion Protection Utilising Pressurised Enclosures and Stationary Nitrogen Installations

2018 ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Ptak, Szymon
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Explosion Protection

scholarly journals Considerations regarding the new requirements for the evaluation of rotating electric machines with increased safety protection type “e”

2021 ◽  
Vol 342 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Marcel Daniel Rad ◽  
Diana Sălăsan ◽  
Sorin Zsido
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Electric Machines ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
European Level ◽  
Safety Protection ◽  
Explosion Protection

The evaluation of explosion-proof electrical equipment for certification is particularly important given the risk of explosion and must be minimized. This in order to ensure the safety of life, health of workers, to prevent damage to goods and the environment when they meet the essential security requirements at European level. Directive 2014/34 / EU states that equipment used in explosive atmospheres must be designed to operate without endangering the environment for which it is intende. This paper proposes the study and evaluation of the requirements for the evaluation of rotating electric machines with increased safety protection type “e”. The rotating electric machines with increased safety protection type “e”, in order to comply with the explosion protection, it must meet certain requirements given by the standard SR-EN 60079-7.

scholarly journals Considerations regarding the choice of cable glands for electrical equipment used in potentially explosive atmospheres

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 ◽  
pp. 00049
Author(s):  
Marcel Daniel Rad ◽  
Dragos Fotau ◽  
Diana Sălăsan ◽  
Sorin Zsido
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
European Level ◽  
Practical Guide ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Explosion Protection ◽  
Electrical Apparatus

The evaluation of explosion-proof electrical equipment for certification is particularly important given the risk of explosion and must be minimized. This in order to ensure the safety of life, health of workers, to prevent damage to goods and the environment when they meet the essential security requirements at European level. Directive 2014/34 / EU states that equipment used in explosive atmospheres must be designed to operate without endangering the environment for which it is intended. This paper presents a comparison between the different types of cable glands for electrical apparatus by comparing some common characteristics that are important for maintaining the integrity of explosion protection. Consequently, this paper intends to be the precursor of a practical guide for the selection and implementation of different types of protection on the apparatus intended for use in areas with hazard of explosive atmospheres, both for designers and manufactures. This state of fact is negatively more emphatic because, lately, the groups of standards from this field in the world, Europe and Romania have a peculiar dynamic caused especially by the homogenisation and generalisation process opened and maintained by IEC.

scholarly journals Considerations regarding test methods against dust and water ingress protection for Ex equipment

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 ◽  
pp. 00048
Author(s):  
Niculina Vătavu ◽  
Mihaela Părăian ◽  
Sorin Vătavu ◽  
Mihai Popa
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Water Ingress ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Normal Degree ◽  
Explosion Protection ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Explosion Risk

The explosion danger in all industries where explosive atmospheres generated by the mixture of combustible dusts or flammable gases with air may form, must be treated as a major hazard, as the explosions that may occur can seriously affect both health and safety people, as well as the environment. It is therefore necessary to assess the explosion risk and to establish appropriate measures to reduce it to acceptable levels in accordance with the requirements of the European Directives. An essential element in the assessment of the explosion risk for electrical and non-electrical equipment intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres is the way in which an appropriate normal degree of protection is provided through the equipment housing (protection against touching of dangerous parts inside the equipment housing and protection against the ingress of dust and water inside it). The aim of the paper is to highlight compliance with the requirements of the ATEX Directive, given that this protection is a basic requirement for explosion protection and to present the important elements to be considered for the assessment of the normal degree of protection and the development of harmonized test methods with the requirements of European standards.

scholarly journals Research on the improvement of test methods for the determination of dust penetration in enclosures of equipment intended for explosive atmospheres

2020 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 00063
Author(s):  
Niculina Vătavu ◽  
Adrian Jurca ◽  
Sorin Vătavu ◽  
Dan Gabor
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Water Penetration ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Explosion Protection ◽  
European Method ◽  
Solid Bodies

Carcasses of electrical or non-electrical equipment operating in potentially explosive atmospheres must provide a certain degree of protection against access to hazardous parts, penetration of solid bodies and/or water penetration, which must be tested according to the specifications of the Ex protection types. Normal protection classes are indicated by the international IP code followed by two characteristic digits referring to the protection against penetration of solid foreign bodies and water protection, followed by optional letters if required by the beneficiary according to the imposed conditions of use. Within the ENExEMEIP laboratory, have been developed laboratory tests to verify the first characteristic figure of the standard degree of protection according to the standardized European method. In the paper is presented the test stand of the large gauge equipment, a stand made with state-of-the-art equipment that provides the necessary performance for the accreditation of the test according to the standardized requirements. Checking dustproof protection to equipment used in areas where explosive atmospheres generated by combustion dust may occur is particularly important for assessing compliance with the requirements of the ATEX Directive [5], as this protection is a basic requirement for explosion protection.

scholarly journals Technical requirements for entries in flameproof enclosures operating in potentially explosive atmospheres

2020 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 00073
Author(s):  
Marcel Daniel Rad ◽  
Dragos Fotau ◽  
Sorin Zsido
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
European Level ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Explosion Protection ◽  
Representative Samples

The evaluation of explosion-proof electrical equipment for certification is particularly important given the risk of explosion and must be minimized. This in order to ensure the safety of life, health of workers, to prevent damage to goods and the environment when they meet the essential security requirements at European level. Directive 2014/34 / EU states that equipment used in explosive atmospheres must be designed to operate without endangering the environment for which it is intended. This paper proposes the study and evaluation of the requirements for flameproof enclosures. In order to verify explosion protection, the representative samples made available by explosion-protected equipment manufacturers are tested under the worst possible conditions that may occur in practice.

scholarly journals Practical aspects regarding the evaluation of explosion protected equipment

2021 ◽  
Vol 342 ◽  
pp. 01011
Author(s):  
Tiberiu Csaszar ◽  
Sorin Burian ◽  
Cosmin Colda ◽  
Marius Darie ◽  
Emilian Ghicioi
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Site Visit ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
In Situ Assessment ◽  
Explosion Protection ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Selection Of

Based on the experience accumulated over time on the evaluation of equipment and installations in environments with potentially explosive atmospheres, this paper is intended to be an element of synthesis on issues related to the “in situ” assessment and solutions of solvency the deficiencies found. The assessment of these installations is very important in order to verify the implementation of measures that lead to minimizing the risk of ignition of explosive atmospheres. Evaluation of these installations is made through an on-site visit and on the basis of the technical documentation developed by the care of the user. In first part of the paper were presented the legal aspects regarding the placing on the market and the use of equipment designed for potentially explosive atmospheres. The paper is continuing with the presenting the technical aspects regarding the evaluation of equipment and installations operating in potentially explosive atmospheres followed by requirements for electrical equipment. The main conclusion, of the paper is that the explosion protection of the equipment intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres may be invalidated by the incorrect selection of the equipment, incorrect installation of the product, inadequate: performance of inspection operations, maintenance or repairing of equipment.

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