scholarly journals Performance of Livestock Sector in India (With Reference to Bovine Population)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Reddy ◽  
P Ramappa
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
High Price ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Increasing Demand

Most of the farmers in India depend on agriculture and allied activities. The dairying has been playing a major role by providing livelihoods to the rural people. The objectives of the study are: to know the growth in the bovine population in India, analyse the trends in milk production and per capita availability of milk and analyse the share of livestock production in GDP. The study reveals that the percentage share of cows declined and that of buffaloes significantly increased. It is due to high price for buffalo milk. It is observed that the percentage of CB cattle in total cattle increased and that of indigenous cattle population declined. The per capita availability of milk increased from 130 grams per day in 1950 to 299 grams in 2012. The share of livestock sector in agriculture GDP also increased from 13.88% in 1980-81 to 29.20% in 2012-13. Among the top ten countries in the world India is in 2nd position in cow milk production. It is also evident that among the top ten countries India is in 1st position in buffalo milk production. It is observed that the milk yield per head is low in India. Hence there is need to raise the milk yield in order to enhance the per capita availability of milk and to meet the increasing demand. Measures must also be taken to protect the cattle and to increase their number.

An analysis of the Entebbe herd of Nganda cattle in Uganda

1961 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mahadevan ◽  
H. J. S. Marples
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
The Government ◽  
To Come ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

In the herd of Nganda cattle at the Government Livestock Experiment Station, Entebbe, Uganda, it was found that of the known environmental factors affecting milk production, the more important ones were age (in lactations) and length of the calving interval preceding the second and third lactations. The correlations between performance in different lactations of the same animal were high for lactation milk yield (0·73) and average daily milk yield (0·62) and low for calving interval (0·21) and dry period (0·15). The repeatability of lactation length was intermediate (0·42). The heritability values were around 0·3 for the weight measurements, around 0·2 for yield characteristics and around 0·1 for length of lactation and age at first calving.The sires used in the breeding programme at Entebbe made little impact on production performance in the herd. The estimated genetic improvement in milk yield through selection of dams of cows was also low. It is argued from comparison with results from other parts of the tropics that superior genotypes for milk production are difficult to come by among indigenous cattle in these areas and that we should therefore look for other opportunities and methods to move ahead faster in the future.

DGAT1 polymorphism in Riverine buffalo, Swamp buffalo and crossbred buffalo

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Shenhe Liu ◽  
Zipeng Li ◽  
Shujun Zhang ◽  
Guohua Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Dgat1 Gene ◽  
Swamp Buffalo

This Research Communication describes the polymorphisms in the coding region of DGAT1 gene in Riverine buffalo, Swamp buffalo and crossbred buffalo, and associations between polymorphisms and milk production performance in Riverine buffalo. Two polymorphisms of DGAT1were identified, located in exon 13 and exon 17, respectively. The distribution of the genotypes of the two SNP loci in different buffalo population varied, especially the polymorphism located in exon 13 which was not found in the Swamp buffalo. Moreover, SNP located in exon 17 was a nonsynonymous switch resulting in the animo acid sequence changed from an arginine (Arg) to a histidine (His) at position 484. Both SNPs were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and the polymorphism of g.8330T>C in the exon 13 was significantly associated with peak milk yield, total milk yield and protein percentage. The C variant was associated with an increase in milk yield and peak yield but less in protein percentage compared with the T variant. The polymorphisms of g.9046T>C in exon 17 were significantly associated with fat percentage, in that the buffaloes with TT genotype had a significantly higher fat percentage than those with CC genotype. These findings reveal the difference in the genetic evolution of the DGAT1 between Riverine buffalo and Swamp buffalo, and provide evidence that the DGAT1 gene has potential effects for Riverine buffalo milk production traits, which can be used as a candidate gene for marker-assisted selection in buffalo breeding.

scholarly journals Investment plan for decreasing the cow milk production cost

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. VALERGAKIS (Γ. ΒΑΛΕΡΓΑΚΗΣ) ◽  
G. BANOS (Γ. ΜΠΑΝΟΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Investment Plan ◽  
Fixed Capital Investment ◽  
On Farm

The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of decreasing cow milk production cost with an investment plan, using a sample of 120 medium and large size dairy farms in Central Macedonia. Cost reduction is considered necessary either for improving the dairy farmers' income or for maintaining it in current levels as falling milk prices are expected as a result of the new Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union. Three cost reducing factors were examined: a) increasing size of the farm (number of cows), b) increasing annual milk yield per cow and c) increasing the proportion of on-farm produced feedstuff. All three factors had significant effect on reducing cow milk production cost (P<0.01). However, while cost reduction by 1% would require increasing the number of cows by 28.3% (from an average of 86.9 to 111.5 cows per herd) or the proportion of on-farm produced feedstuff by 34% (from an average of 32.1% to 43%), the required increase in annual milk yield per cow would be only 2.2% (from an average of 6,442.5 kg to 6,586.2 kg). Furthermore, the fixed capital investment, required by each plan, would be 78,184, 16,132 and 3,475 euros, respectively.

scholarly journals Mechanism of Subsidies as an Element of State Support of Livestock Sector’s Development in Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (335) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Nataliia Shyian
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Ecological Effect ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
Industry Output ◽  
Productivity Factor ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Livestock Productivity

Abstract The article presents results of the analysis of the cattle breeding industry’s development in Ukraine, the main trend of which was the decrease in the number of cattle, including the number of cows. A way to support livestock in the industry using the subsidy mechanism is suggested. This approach is aimed at increasing profitability of the cattle breeding industry output per 1 ha of fodder crops in the farm to profitability of barley production from 1 hectare in the area. The results of the proposed approach show that increasing milk profitability from 1 hectare of fodder crops to barley profitability from 1 hectare can be the basis for maintaining the livestock sector. The use of the livestock productivity factor (cow milk yield) in the proposed methodology makes farms more interested in increasing livestock productivity, which in turn increases the number of subsidies in the industry. In addition, an increase in fodder crops area in the farm has an ecological effect.

scholarly journals Zmiany w produkcji i konsumpcji mleka i produktów mleczarskich w Polsce na tle UE

2017 ◽  
Vol 17(32) (3) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Piotr Bórawski ◽  
Magdalena Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Eu

The study analyzed production, population and milk consumption in Poland against the other EU countries. After Poland's integration into the EU, production increased while the population decreased. This was due to the concentration of dairy cows and the drop in small-scale farms. Tabular, graphical, and descriptive methods were used in the analysis. In addition, a forecast was made to show that milk production and milk yield of cows will increase and cow stocking will decrease. Studies also show an increase in the milk consumption balance from 195 liters per capita in 2000 to 219 liters in 2016.

scholarly journals Characterization of buffalo milk production system in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
MK Uddin ◽  
AA Mintoo ◽  
TM Awal ◽  
M Kondo ◽  
AKMA Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Daily Milk Production ◽  
Daily Milk

This survey study was conducted in Tangail, Jamalpur, Bogra, Sirajganj, Pabna and Thakurgaon districts for household farming, and in Bhola, Noakhali, Lakshmipur and Patuakhali districts for bathan farming to undertake an assessment on the management factors in household and bathan farming for identifying the potentiality and constraints in milk production from buffalo. A 90 number of pre-designed questionnaire was used for data collection by direct interviewing of buffalo farmers. From this study, it was revealed that 82% of the farmers have 1 to 3 buffalo per household and 73% of the farmers have 51 to 200 buffalo per bathan. Buffaloes were raised in homestead and approximately 5-7 hours were grazes per day in household farming. Small quantity of concentrate feeds were offered to buffalo by the rich farmers during dry season. On the other hand, in bathan, farmers were fully depended to feed the buffalo on grazing at public land. In household, the average daily milk production was 3 to 8 liters and total milk yield was 799 liters in a lactation length of 270 days. In bathan, the average daily milk production was 1 to 2 liters and total milk yield was 435 liters in a lactation length of 215 days. The average age of first calving, service per conception, gestation period and calving interval were 39 months, 1.9 numbers, 310 days and 490 days, respectively in household farming. The average age of first calving, service per conception, gestation period and calving interval were 40 months, 2.1 numbers, 315 days and 530 days, respectively in bathan farming; however, further study is required on the buffalo nutrition in the bathan farming.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (1):69-77

scholarly journals An Economic Analysis of Share and Importance of Livestock in Household Economy of the Farmers

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yasmeen . ◽  
Suresh S. Patil ◽  
Amrutha T. Joshi ◽  
G. M. Hiremath ◽  
B. G. Koppalkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Indian Agriculture ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Paddy Crop

Livestock production is the backbone of Indian agriculture and source of employment in rural areas since centuries, in which the entire system of rural economy has revolved around it. Livestock was revealed with multi-faceted contribution to socio-economic development of rural masses. Due to the inelastic absorptive capacity for labour in other economic sectors, livestock sector has greater scope for generating more employment opportunities, especially for the marginal and small farmers and landless labourers who own around 70 per cent of the country’s livestock. The study was conducted to know the role of livestock in farmer’s economy in North-eastern Karnataka (NEK) region of Karnataka state. In the study area milch buffaloes were reared by the farmers as they preferred buffalo milk for home consumption than cow milk. Further, it was easier to maintain buffaloes than cross-bred milch cow. All the farmers used paddy crop as dry fodder since they produced it, but landless labourers purchased the same. For each litre of milk produced the marketed surplus was 88 and 90 per cent for crossbred and local cow milk followed by 84 and 80 per cent for crossbred and local buffalo milk. The total income from dairy enterprise was earned by large and small farmers with relatively higher than landless labourers and marginal farmers, which was due to the large and small farmers had maintained more number of crossbred cows than landless labourers and marginal farmers.

scholarly journals Milk Production and Reproduction Performance of Non-descript Buffaloes in Konkan Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.D. Chendge ◽  
S.U. Waghmare ◽  
S.P. Harane ◽  
S.L. Khatke ◽  
D.J. Bhagat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Reproduction Performance ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Background: Buffaloes are economically important in particular region and also buffalo milk are nutritionally rich. In Konkan region, buffalo should be rarely used only to get female buffalo for milk production. To improve the non-descript buffalo population for milk production and reproduction performance. Methods: During survey period January, 2021 to February, 2021, record of 400 non-descript buffalo, 270 non-descript buffalo having more than 4 years age old to be selected. Result: The average daily milk yield, peak milk yield, total lactation milk yield, lactation length and dry period in non-descript buffaloes were 6.45±0.16 liters, 7.6±0.14 liters, 2007.66±45.83 liters, 302.86±0.34 days and 146.66±0.48 days, respectively. The average age at first calving, calving interval, service period, gestation period and number of calving were 45.96±0.18 months, 449.30±0.53 days, 128.86±0.31 days, 303.66±0.49 days, 2.72±0.12 numbers, respectively and autumn season of calving was more than another season.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Milk Production and Milk Composition at Different Stages of Saanen Dairy Goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1S) ◽  
pp. 204-211
Author(s):  
Noor Syaheera Ibrahim ◽  
Farida Hani Ahmad Tajuddin
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Food Regulation ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Stage Of Lactation

Milk is an important elements due to its high nutritious and balanced in human diet. In Asian, goat milk is the most consumed because of the unique taste, more nutritious than cow milk. However, milk production and composition values differ at every stage of lactation in goats. Thus, determining the highest milk production and producing the best quality goat milk is essential to satisfy the local market demands. The objective of the present study is to determine the milk yield and milk composition at different lactation stages and to evaluate the lactation curves in Saanen goats. The lactation stages can be categorized into three, early (less than 80 days), mid (80 – 140 days) and late (over 140 days) days in milk (DIM). In total, 90 milk samples were collected from 15 goats representing early (n=5), mid (n=5), and late (n=5) stages of lactation. The Saanen goats were raised under the same conditions, and milking was done early in the morning (9.00am).The milk yield from Saanen goats were collected and measured weekly at each stage of lactation. Milk samples were analyzed for fat, protein, solid non-fat, and lactose. Current result illustrated, there were significant different (p ˂ 0.05) among three stages of lactation in milk yield, solid non-fat, fat, protein and lactose. In terms of food regulation, the Saanen goats almost fully met the standard requirements for milk production and composition. In addition, this study also observes the lactation curves in Saanen goats and analyse the curve shapes and patterns. The average milk yields from three different stages develops a concave downward curve. The results indicated that mid yield increased from early to mid- lactation and decreased thereafter until the end of lactation.

scholarly journals Innovation of extensive system for milk production on Stara planina mountain

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Milan Petrovic ◽  
M.M. Petrovic ◽  
Dragana Ruzic-Muslic ◽  
M. Zujovic ◽  
S. Pejcic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Modern Knowledge

In the last decades, old production technology used on farms on mountain of Stara planina was the reason why milk production wasn't profitable activity and therefore livestock production had collapse. In this paper current situation is analyzed and new knowledge introduced in production of sheep and cow milk on farms located in that region. The analysis of breed structure shows that in population of Pirot Pramenka sheep and local Simmental population of cattle, effects in milk production are rather poor. Introduction of modern knowledge of milk production would considerably increase the milk yield of sheep and cows and motivate the rural population to revive dairy livestock production. Through application of new solutions regarding of breeding and farm organizations, milk yield in sheep was increased per head by 8-15%, and quantity of milk in cows was increased by 10-16%. Also the health condition of the udder was improved and somatic cell count was reduced within the limits regulated by law.

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