scholarly journals O INDIVÍDUO SOCIALMENTE FALHO: UM ENSAIO BASEADO EM VEBLEN E BAUMAN

polemica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-118
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Rangel ◽  
Gabriel Dolabela Raemy Rangel
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Social Experiences ◽  
Human History ◽  
Thorstein Veblen ◽  
Zygmunt Bauman ◽  
Leisure Class ◽  
Liquid Modernity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The 19Th Century

Resumo: O ensaio revisita os livros A Teoria da Classe Ociosa (originalmente publicado em 1899), de Thorstein Veblen, e Modernidade Líquida, de Zygmunt Bauman, publicado pela primeira vez em 1999, os quais, embora separados por um século de história humana, observam as experiências sociais de seus respectivos tempos com constructos muito assemelhados. O ensaio assume que Veblen descreve efeitos da modernidade que emerge no fim do século XIX, ao passo que Bauman explicita a pós-modernidade do século XXI (à qual chama de Modernidade Líquida) e, com base nos autores, reflete sobre o indivíduo, as motivações de consumo, a demanda por crédito, o endividamento e outras categorias por eles tratadas, para apresentar um novo ator: o “consumidor falho” ou, como aqui chamado, o “indivíduo socialmente falho”.Palavras-chave: Consumo. Endividamento. Emulação pecuniária. Modernidade líquida.  Abstract: The essay revisits the books The Theory of the Leisure Class (originally published in 1899) by Thorstein Veblen and Liquid Modernity by Zygmunt Bauman first published in 1999 that, although separated by a century of human history, observe social experiences from their respective times with very similar constructs. The essay assumes that Veblen describes the effects of modernity that emerged at the end of the 19th century, while Bauman explains the post-modernity of the 21st century (which he calls Liquid Modernity) and, based on the authors, reflects on the individual, the motivations consumption, the demand for credit, indebtedness and other categories treated by them, to present a new actor: the 'flawed consumers' or, how we conceptualize, a “socially flawed individual”.Keywords: Consumption. Indebtedness. Pecuniary emulation. Liquid modernity.

scholarly journals Cosmopolitan perspective in the work of Zygmunt Bauman

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (13-14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valida Repovac Nikšić ◽  
Amila Ždralović
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Zygmunt Bauman ◽  
Liquid Modernity ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Individual

The theoretical legacy of Zygmunt Bauman is an inexhaustible sourceof inspiration for sociological analysis, particularly bearing in mindthe scope of his work and the diverse range of modern day problemsthat this British-Polish author dealt with. The first part of this articleexamines the question of personal identity in liquid modernity, whichis the starting point of Bauman’s work. Similar to some other authors,Bauman discusses the paradox of the individual who is not free inan individualized society. Bauman’s diagnosis carries pessimistic featureswhich in some places correspond to insights developed in classicalsociology. Bauman makes occasional and sporadic incursionsinto the pitfalls of conservative thought, particularly in relation tothe dichotomies of individual versus community, individualism versustogetherness, and egoism versus solidarity. However, it seems thatthe author manages to skilfully avoid the inherent theoretical traps ofsociology, turning towards cosmopolitan theory. The second part ofthis article presents the thesis that Bauman’s thought is in fact cosmopolitan,especially bearing in mind his final public appearances andwritings. This argument is based in his description of global societythat is simultaneously integrating and developing, and dramaticallydisintegrating and regressing. Bauman writes about violent killingsand expulsions of people in the 21st century and their inability to findrefuge in the Western and democratic world that promotes humanrights. Recalling the crucial cosmopolitan principles of solidarity andhospitality, Bauman makes an appeal to progressive forces to consolidateand work on opening and reaffirming the “cosmopolitan condition”of contemporary society.

F. M. DOSTOEVSKY AND V. S. SOLOVYOV ON THE ROLE OF PERSONALITY IN SOCIAL PROGRESS

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
O. V. Ekshibarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Philosophy And Literature ◽  
200Th Anniversary ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article is dedicated to the 200th anniversary of the birth of the classic of Russian philosophy and literature Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky. It presents a comparative analysis of the works of two great Russian thinkers of the 19th century F.M. Dostoevsky and V.S. Soloviev. They are among those philosophers who were able to create a doctrine about the possibilities of the individual in social progress, express a number of ideas that can give impetus to philosophical research in the 21st century.

scholarly journals JEG SER DE BØGELYSE ØER – OG DETTE FOLK ER VORT: Om emotionalisering, subjektivering og danske sange

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tine Damsholt
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Landscape History ◽  
Danish Population ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Emotional Bonds ◽  
Bodily Experiences ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article deals with questions of subjectivation. The emotional bonds between a landscape and the individual as interpreted in Danish patriotic songs from the 19th-century are seen as crucial in the process of subjectivation turning the Danish population into a patriotic or selfconscious people. In the songs the sensing self is turned into a Danish self, an individual subject but part of a certain landscape, history and nation. Furthermore the Danish folkhigh-schools are seen as institutions of subject-ivation, since singing patriotic songs here became a natural part of everyday life. In the light of the Foucauldian perspective the emotional and bodily experiences at the folk-highschools (often staged outdoors in the Danish landscape) are interpreted as "technologies of the national self", since it is precisely via individuals’ work with themselves that the national subjectivation takes place.  

scholarly journals ′Education is our daily bread′: Church polyphony, educational processes and the Serbian national identity between 1830 and 1914

Muzikologija ◽  
2007 ◽  
pp. 199-216
Author(s):  
Ivana Perkovic-Radak
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Church Music ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
School Year ◽  
Educational Processes ◽  
Working Together ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Positioning

Choral church music had different functions in Serbian society of the 19th century. It was a part of many processes or even initiated them itself broadly affecting the sphere of culture. One of its purposes had strong educational and national implications. In this paper I do not study these as musical and historical elements emphasizing existent social tendencies, but rather as processes that generated certain components through church music (both in the educational sense and in the sphere of broader social structures). The early beginnings of church polyphony among Serbs were marked by choirs comprising older members and pupils. For example, members of the Serbian parish in Pest, who started working together in 1835 and sang the complete Divine Liturgy for the first time in 1838, were both pupils and students. In 1841 and 1842 students of Alexandar Morfidis-Nisis in Novi Sad sang in church, while in the same school year Belgrade high school first introduced choral singing. The comparison of the development of educational systems in states inhabited by Serbs in the 19th century is used as the basis for seeing historical and cultural positioning as one role of choral church music. Certain elements of the national program, such as progress comprehension of the nation as a community of individuals, distention of the individual, or the process of socialization were shared by church polyphonic singing. These elements are studied in the context of the development of European and Serbian educational systems, mostly from a historical perspective.

scholarly journals Confessional conversions on the territory of Belarus in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century: overview of historiography

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Marharyta M. Karol
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
General State ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article examines the stages of the formation of historiography devoted to the problems of confessional conversions in the second half of the 19th century on the territory of the Belarusian provinces. The historiographic trends that formed from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 21st century were identified and analysed. The authour studies the peculiarities of Belarusian and foreign historiography at the present stage, when a large number of works on religious issues has appeared, including confessional conversions. It is argued that in Soviet times, the issue of transitions from Catholicism to Orthodoxy was practically not touched upon. In their approaches and assessments, some researchers continue the traditions of pre-revolutionary historiography, but the majority of modern scientists strive to give an objective picture of religious processes on the Belarusian lands, to show them in the context of general state policy. The relevance of the article is due to the coverage of various points of view on the problem of confessional conversions. It is noted that pre-revolutionary researchers, first of all, sought to prove the voluntariness of conversions to Orthodoxy, but during this period, works were also created in which this thesis was questioned.

scholarly journals Vampires that grew sick of Dracula

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-124
Author(s):  
Erica Sudário Bodevan
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
John Polidori

Bram Stocker’s Dracula (1897) is considered a cornerstone when the subject is vampires. Although there were important works written before Stocker’s, such as “The Vampyre” (1819) by John Polidori and Carmilla (1872) by Sheridan Le Fanu, it was Dracula that established a vampiric genre and influenced countless works that came afterwards. Vampires in the contemporary, however, present some primordial differences when compared to the 19th century Count. Their relation with humans, who once were seen just as prey, evolves in the 20th and 21st century. It can be argued that these differences are due to the age those blood sucking monsters were created and “live” among society.

scholarly journals Medical students, beneficiaries of the state scholarships of the Republic of Serbia, and their education in the 21st century: The possibility of improvement

Sociologija ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nena Vasojevic ◽  
Mirko Filipovic
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
21St Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Reverse Migration ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Education Of Students ◽  
The 19Th Century

In the 19th century, at the time when Serbia was being established, the education of students scholars abroad was viewed as one of the main tools for professional development and a strong society. Medical students were one of the first who were sent to study abroad. This practice was associated with increasing vertical social mobility of society. The results achieved in the 19th century encouraged us to focus on the study of temporary migrations of students scholars from Serbia in the 21st century. This article was created as a result of this study.4 Our goal was to define the profile of medical students scholars who studied abroad in the 21st century thanks to the state funds, to determine the reasons why they opted for education outside their country, and to determine the level of openness of the Serbian society towards them. However, the main objective was to contribute to the research of reverse migration.

scholarly journals Panorámica historiográfica de los estudios sobre el Mitra védico, avéstico y romano

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Israel Campos Méndez
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Global Understanding ◽  
Scientific Nature ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Accidental Discovery

Resumen: El interés que ha suscitado la figura del dios Mitra ha dejado como reflejo estudios que se remontan al periodo romano. Sin embargo, a partir del Renaci­miento el descubrimiento casual de piezas escul­tóricas de asunto mitraico, atrajo el interés de in­vestigadores que indagaron en sus escritos sobre la identidad de la divinidad que aparecía matando un toro. Durante los siglos XVI al XVIII, la temática solar y la identificación del Mitraísmo se convirtió en el contenido de estos estudios. A partir del s. XIX, empieza a tomar forma una investigación de carácter más científico sobre la cuestión mitraica, que encontrará su nacimiento formal con los tra­bajos de F. Cumont a principios del s. XX. Este si­glo pasado ha sido el que ha visto florecer el mayor y más profundo volumen de estudios desentrañan­do los misterios vinculados al dios Mitra, tanto en su vertiente de divinidad de los panteones védicos y avésticos, como en el ámbito del culto mistérico desarrollado en el marco del Imperio Romano. En los comienzos del siglo XXI, todavía permanecen abiertas algunas hipótesis iniciales, pero sí se cons­tata una vitalidad en los estudios para la compren­sión global del Mitraísmo.Palabras clave: Mitra, Mitraísmo, Avesta, Veda, Cumont.Abstract: One mark of the interest attached to the god Mithra is the line of studies dating back to the Ro­man period. It was, however, during the Renais­sance that the accidental discovery of sculptural pieces of a Mithraic subject attracted the interest of researchers, who sought to identify the bull-ki­lling divinity. Between the 16th and 18th centuries, this field of research re-oriented itself to the solar theme and the identification of Mithraism. In the 19th century, it took on a scientific nature, and the landmark the studies of F. Cumont saw the light of day in early 20th century. As the century progres­sed ambitious in-depth studies flourished, unra­velling the mysteries linked to the cult of the god Mithra, both in terms of the divinity of the Vedic and Avestan pantheons and of the sphere of the mystery cult established in the context of the Ro­man Empire. At the beginning of the 21st century, some initial hypotheses remain open, but the vi­tality of studies pursuing a global understanding of Mithraism remains unchallenged.Key words: Mithra, Mithraism, Avesta, Veda, Cumont.

Epidemics as Leisure Killers: The Transformation of Japan’s Entertainment Industry in the Second Half of the 19th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-217
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Disorganization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Entertainment Industry ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The 19Th Century

Among the various human attitudes toward a pandemic, along with fear, despair and anger, there is also an urge to praise the catastrophe or imbue it with some sort of hope. In 2020 such hopes were voiced in the stream of all the other COVID-19 reactions and interpretations in the form of predictions of imminent social, political or economic changes that may or must be brought on by the pandemic, or as calls to “rise above” the common human sentiment and see the pandemic as some sort of cruel-but-necessary bitter pill to cure human depravity or social disorganization. Is it really possible for a plague of any kind to be considered a relief? Or perhaps a just punishment? In order to assess the validity of such interpretations, this paper considers the artistic reactions to the pandemics of the past, specifically the images of the plague from Alexander Pushkin’s play Feast During the Plague, Antonin Artaud’s essay “The Theatre and the Plague” and Albert Camus’s novel The Plague. These works in different ways explore an attitude in which a plague can be praised in some respect. The plague can be a means of self-overcoming and purification for both an individual and for society. At the same time, Pushkin and Camus, each in his own way and by different means, show the illusory nature of that attitude. A mass catastrophe can reveal the resources already present in humankind, but it does not help either the individual or the society to progress.

PECULIARITIES OF THE ELITE SPORT POLITICIZATION PROCESS: HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 110-119
Author(s):  
E.V. SALNIKOV ◽  
◽  
I.N. SALNIKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
National State ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
Norbert Elias ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competitive Games ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Modern Era

The main purpose of the article is to reconstruct the history of sports politicization, by which the authors, in accordance with the position of Norbert Elias and Pierre Bourdieu, understand the special practice of competitive games that arises in the states of the modern era. In this sense, the beginning of modern sports is the second half of the 19th century. The article demonstrates that throughout its development, sport goes through a complex evolution from the form of the embodiment of the power of the national state to the concept of sports outside politics, which is currently collapsing under the influence of explicit and hidden practices of the repoliticization of sports. Special attention is paid to the history of the fight against racism in sports, which in the 21st century is becoming a space for the realization of political interests, the hidden form of which is the practices of the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document