scholarly journals Competitiveness and Strategic Positioning of Seaports

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
V. Ryabchuk ◽  
◽  
G. Kalinina ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Maritime Transport ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Impact

Thanks to the development of world trade, more than two-thirds of the world's total cargo depends on maritime transport. Maritime transport and ports play an important role in the sustainable development of the global economy. Currently, as international transshipment ports, ports are evolving from conventional retail terminals to containerized distribution logistics centers (hubs). Undoubtedly, the shipping and port industries are directly related to the global economy. The ports are the main carriers and information exchangers with the outer regions. In addition, the port economy has become an important lever for promoting regional economic development. In order to ensure a port's competitive position within a certain range, many port administrations and stakeholders have measured competition performance based on microeconomic concepts such as market shares and annual growth rates among competitors. However, in past years it can be seen that the growing attention to the social responsibility of the port, that is, the impact of port operations and activities on the environment, has often attracted public attention. The port is also facing great pressure on the results of its social responsibility. Such a satisfactory capacity or growth rate is insufficient to measure the competitive position of ports in today's environment. Ports or interested parties may have additional charges for environmental impacts, such as emissions, water pollution, noise, etc. to achieve sustainable port development. Ports with excellent environmental performance and high social reputation are likely to have a competitive advantage. There are various methods for determining their competitiveness, especially for container ports. As a rule, a lot of literature indicates that the key factors affecting the competitiveness of a port, such as port capacity, productivity, quality of service, accessibility of inland areas and reputation. However, there is also evidence that the public is increasingly focusing on environmental issues of the port, which leads to much more negative externalities for society. One of the major environmental impacts is exhaust gas emissions (air pollution), which are mainly caused by vehicles in the port industry. The development trends of the port and shipping industries are associated with the spread of globalization and containerization. Accordingly, the competitive environment is becoming increasingly tough for all participants in the maritime transport market. In such conditions, in order to be competitive, it is necessary to reduce negative externalities and pay more attention to environmental protection. Environmental issues directly affect both global economic growth and the competitiveness of ports.

scholarly journals Roles and Challenges of Technology in Corporate Social Responsibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 5336-5340
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abualhaija DBA
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The Social ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact

Many believe that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is irrelevant and bad for businesses, while others swear of its strategic importance for the overall growth of local and global economies. This paper examines the impact of technology on corporates morals and social responsibility. Companies like GE and Nike direct resources and strategies to strengthen the environment and local and global communities. Through improving education programs and investing in technology, these companies attempt to fulfill their social responsibilities to all communities. Companies use corporate social responsibility to build a reputation and a brand name. Through technology exports, the world’s economy is synchronized. Creating and sharing technology enhances the world’s productivity and economy, mainly because developing countries are incapable of investing much in R&D. As the infusion of technology contributes to the growth of the global economy, the question remains to what degree the technological breakthroughs create ethical and moral concerns when exploring new frontiers, and to what degree scientists consider the social and ethical consequences when testing and investigating. This paper explores some of the ethical, social, and legal circumstances related to different controversial research fields to include creating the atomic bomb, human cloning, and the research of synthetic biology science.  

scholarly journals Market Responsiveness to Corporate Social Responsibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Zev Fried
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Financial Information ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Earnings Response Coefficients ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact

Market reaction to surprises in earnings announcements has long been used to measure the quality of the information content of the announcement, and studies have explored various factors affecting the response. This study adds to this body of research by factoring in the level of corporate social responsibility (CSR) exhibited by the firm and employs a relatively new measure of a company’s level of CSR, rankings published by JUST Capital. I hypothesize that financial information reported by higher ranked companies is weighed more heavily by investors than those reported by non-ranked or lower-ranked companies. Using earnings response coefficients as a measure of the perceived quality of the financial information reported by the firms, my results provide direct support of the hypothesis, indicating that the market reacts more strongly to earnings surprises for firms with high JUST rankings than for unranked firms or firms with lower rankings. This result contributes new insights into the impact of a firm’s CSR in terms of the perceived quality of a firm’s financial reporting.

scholarly journals The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility and Public Attention on Innovation Performance: Evidence from High-polluting Industries

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 3939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xue-Zhou Zhao ◽  
Feng-Wen Chen ◽  
Chia-Huei Wu ◽  
Sangbing Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Polluting Firms

High-polluting industries are important sources of pollutant emissions, and closely related to many environmental issues. High-polluting firms face the pressure to exploit technological innovation for improving their environmental operations. This paper explores the impact of corporate social responsibility and public attention on the innovation performance of high-polluting firms. Based on a sample of China’s listed firms in high-polluting industries from 2011 to 2016, we use a panel data model to investigate the associations among corporate social responsibility, public attention and innovation performance. The results show that there is a positive association between corporate social responsibility and innovation performance. There is a positive association between public attention and innovation performance as well. The pressure of regional economies can hinder innovation performance. Furthermore, in the subsample of state-owned enterprises, the association between public attention and innovation performance is more pronounced. Meanwhile, the corporate social responsibility of non-state-owned enterprises plays a stronger role for innovation performance, but its effect will be limited by the pressure of regional economies. Our results can help high-polluting firms implement the innovation strategies for obtaining more environmental benefits and achieving sustainable development.

The impact of message framing and perceived consumer effectiveness on green ads

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceren Ekebas-Turedi ◽  
Elika Kordrostami ◽  
Ilgım Dara Benoit
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Message Framing ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumer Responses ◽  
Green Advertising ◽  
Perceived Consumer Effectiveness ◽  
Individual Actions ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of ad message framing (self-benefit vs other-benefit messages) and perceived consumer effectiveness (PCE) on green advertising effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach The conceptual framework was borrowed from self-congruity theory and was tested with two between-subject design experiments; PCE was measured in the first study and manipulated in the second. Findings The findings show that both measured and primed PCE (low vs high) moderate the impact of a green ad’s message framing on consumer responses (i.e. attitude toward the brand and purchase intention). Specifically, an other-benefit message is more effective when consumers perceive that their individual actions can positively influence environmental issues (high PCE). In contrast, a self-benefit message is more effective when consumers perceive that their individual actions might not be enough to influence environmental issues (low PCE). This research also shows that the influence of message framing on consumer responses is mediated by the perceived social responsibility of the company. Practical implications This paper offers an outline for designing effective ad campaigns for green products. Managers can determine or manipulate the PCE level of their target market and frame the message in their ad campaign accordingly, which will positively drive perceived social responsibility and, in turn, the ad campaign’s effectiveness. Originality/value This paper contributes to both the green advertising and self-congruity literature by showing the moderating effect of PCE on the effectiveness of message framing in green advertising.

scholarly journals Study of the Effect of Ability and Motivation Factors on the Failure of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses in Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Mirzaye ◽  
Reza Aghajan Nashtaei
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Motivational Factor ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Motivation Factors ◽  
Revenue Growth ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Guilan Province

Abstract The effect of small and medium-sized enterprises through entrepreneurship, revenue growth and creation of employment opportunities on the global economy is undeniable. Although these enterprises enjoy some strength like flexibility and compatibility in comparison to larger enterprises, they face a lot of problems which have kept their failure rate high. Therefore, in order to have proper and principled policy and plan to achieve economic development it is important to identify the factors affecting the failure of small businesses.This study aims to investigate the effect of two individual factors of ability and motivation on the failure of small and medium-sized businesses by studying 30 unsuccessful companies located in Industrial towns of Guilan province by presenting a questionnaire among managers and employees. In this paper, SPSS16 software was used for data analysis and to access the answers of the research questions. According to the results, the impact of sanctions and inflation on motivation was considered as the most significant motivational factor and lack of resources management and being considerate of other’s abilities were regarded as the most important ability factors.

scholarly journals Is Institutional Environment the Only Force Behind Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure? An Insight into Indian Companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-62
Author(s):  
Aparna Bhatia ◽  
Megha Mahendru
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Csr Disclosure ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: Companies Act, 2013, has brought a revolution in the regime of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure in India, making it a mandatory practice for the corporate sector. The purpose of this article is to examine the impact of statutory provisions on the extent of CSR disclosure in India. Design/methodology/approach: This article considers an effective sample of 144 companies selected on the basis of average market capitalisation. The study relates to the year 2015–2016, which represents the time period when companies started reporting CSR issues mandatorily. CSR disclosure scores are calculated by using content analysis. Both univariate and multiple regression models are applied to check the effect of statutory provisions on CSR disclosure. Findings: The results indicate that variables namely NETWORTH, TURNOVER and DOMESTIC dummy have positive and statistically significant impact on CSR disclosure scores. However, TOBINSQ, representing profitability of companies, has negative and statistically significant impact on CSR disclosure scores, thus leading to anxious results. Research limitations/implications: Factors affecting CSR disclosure score have been selected on the basis of new statutory provisions introduced by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs. Certain other vital attributes, especially related to corporate governance variables, too can be controlled for so that results have strong implications for companies. Practical implications: The empirical findings of this article implicate that institutional setup of a country has a strong bearing on the disclosure practices of the corporate sector. Thus, the authors strongly recommend to the statutory bodies that it is not sufficient just to make statutes but their implementation too should be ensured. Originality/value: With specific reference to India, mandating CSR disclosure is a recent law; so, the current study being first of its kind, would definitely add to the available literature and open gateways for future research.

scholarly journals Corporate Social Responsibility of Russian TNCs as a Factor of Sustainable Development of Global Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-227
Author(s):  
M. A. Izmailova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Foreign Affiliates ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: the main purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of corporate social responsibility of transnational corporations on the sustainable development of the territories of its presence and on its basis to develop recommendations for the integration of domestic business in the implementation of social projects abroad. In this regard, it is necessary to summarize the real experience and identify the best practices of Russian TNCs, positioning themselves as socially responsible companies.Methods: this article is based on the modern concept of corporate social responsibility – its understanding from the standpoint of the market approach to socially responsible behavior, state regulation of socially responsible practices, corporate conscience as a criterion of moral responsibility of the agent of economic relations, the theory of stakeholders, considering the Corporation as part of the social structure of society and responsible to a wide range of stakeholders. The study was conducted using the methods of comparative analysis, inductive-deductive and General logical methods.Results: the analysis of the impact of corporate social responsibility of transnational corporations on the sustainable development of the territories of its presence. The importance of the return of moral criteria in the economic sphere, which form the basis for assessing the level of socially responsible business behavior, is revealed. The article substantiates the increasing role of TNCs in the sustainable development of the global economy against the backdrop of a shortage of foreign direct investment needed to achieve sustainable development goals. The necessity of dialogue between TNCs and the national governments of the territory of their presence on a wide range of issues of support for the national economy, social investment in local communities and solving environmental problems is shown. The best practices of Russian TNCs in the field of corporate social responsibility are reviewed. The recommendations on the integration of domestic business in the implementation of social projects abroad.Conclusions and Relevance: one of the trends of sustainable development of the global economy is the recognition by economic agents of the importance and prospects of cooperation with ethically-oriented business, the imperative of which is corporate social responsibility. Investment by foreign affiliates of TNCs in the basic infrastructure, production capacity, social and environmental sphere of the territory of their presence should be considered from the perspective of corporate social responsibility. The content and volume of financing of corporate social responsibility programs by foreign affiliates of TNCs is largely determined by the specifics of the business. The implementation of corporate social responsibility, which has become part of the systematic approach of Russian business and is implemented within the framework of a common business strategy in foreign countries, is becoming an undeniable competitive advantage of Russian TNCs over foreign partners.

scholarly journals Managers’ Informedness of Energy Issues in Tourism

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6733
Author(s):  
Dora Smolčić Jurdana ◽  
Zvonimira Šverko Grdić ◽  
Marinela Krstinić Nižić
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Continued Education ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge ◽  
Energy Issues

Energy and environmental issues are nowadays becoming more prominent, and business subjects in tourism should dedicate more effort to energy management. This can lead to a reduction in energy-related expenses, and it shows social responsibility and concern for the environment. In order to determine the informedness of managers in tourism concerning energy issues, empirical research was conducted in all seven counties of Adriatic Croatia. The questionnaire was filled out by 254 managers in tourism in such a way that the research covered business management (hotel, villa, camp, and apartment managers), managers in tourist boards, managers in units of local self-government, and managers among other stakeholders directly or indirectly involved in tourism. The questionnaire consisted of closed-ended questions answered using the Likert scale with 1 being the worst and 5 the best. The questionnaire’s reliability was tested using factor analysis and internal consistency analysis. The results showed that managers still have insufficient knowledge concerning the impact of energy and its link to tourism. Additionally, 66.4% of the participants considered their knowledge regarding energy issues in tourism to be poor or negligible. It can be concluded that continued education for managers is required as higher awareness leads to “greener” attitudes among managers in tourism.

THE IMPACT OF ENERGY WARS AND GEOPOLITICS ON EXCHANGE RATES AND THE PRICE OF OIL: THE ERA OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
M.N. Dudin ◽  
◽  
N.V. Lyasnikov ◽  
A.N. Bryntsev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Oil Market ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Oil will remain the single largest energy source in the world for the foreseeable future, and a balance must be struck between global supply and demand. A serious malfunction of only one large oil producer can lead to a significant change in oil prices and the recession of the entire global economy. The aim of the article is to study the theoretical and empirical aspects of the mutual causality of oil prices and exchange rates, as well as to determine their influence on the development of the world economy. Methodology of the article. To complete this article, a comparative, economic and statistical analysis was used. Results. The article proves that the oil market is more inherent in a tendency towards regionalization rather than globalization. Factors affecting this process include macroeconomic conditions, the balance of supply and demand, the transformation of the regulatory component, changes in the cost structure and the significant influence of geopolitical components. The article justifies the fact that there is a certain strong direct connection between oil prices and exchange rates, but it is influenced by various geopolitical factors (for example, sanctions). Only 4% of the cost of oil is included in the price of gasoline, so when the price of oil falls, the price of gasoline does not decrease. Conclusions. A characteristic feature of the relationship between oil prices and exchange rates is the presence of bilateral mutual causality. Fluctuations in the dynamics of the oil industry are changing the roles of traditional and new suppliers. The oil market environment, which is a key commodity of our time, has a significant impact on world currencies.

scholarly journals Minimizing Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Ships Using a Pareto Multi-Objective Optimization Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Zygfryd Domachowski
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Passage Time ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Maritime Transport ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
The Impact

Abstract To confront climate change, decarbonization strategies must change the global economy. According to statements made as part of the European Green Deal, maritime transport should also become drastically less polluting. As a result, the price of transport must reflect the impact it has on the environment and on health. In such a framework, the purpose of this paper is to suggest a novel method for minimizing emissions from ships, based on so-called Pareto multi-objective optimization. For a given voyage by a ship, the problem is to minimize emissions on the one hand and minimize fuel consumption or passage time on the other. Minimizing emissions is considered as the preferred objective. Therefore, the objective of minimizing fuel consumption or passage time needs to be reformulated as a constraint. Solving such a problem consists of finding most favourable path and speed for the ship and satisfying the optimization criteria. Relatively new systems such as hybrid diesel–electric systems have the potential to offer significant emissions benefits. A hybrid power supply utilizes the maximum efficiency of the direct mechanical drive and the flexibility of a combination of combustion power from the prime mover and stored power from energy storage from an electrical supply, at part load and overload. A new report by the American Bureau of Shipping suggests that maritime transport is likely to meet the International Maritime Organization’s target by 2030, solely by using current technology and operational measures. However, this would not be enough to attain the target of reducing CO2 emissions by 2050 by at least 50% compared to 2008. New technologies and operational methods must be applied.

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