scholarly journals Diachronic plurality of retranslations in the context of translation equivalence (case study of Ukrainian retranslations of W. Shakespeare’s tragedies)

2021 ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
I. V. Boiko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Original Text ◽  
Romeo And Juliet ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Dynamic Equivalence ◽  
Equivalence Theory ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fixed Quantity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pragmatic Equivalence

The article considers the concept of equivalence in the context of the diachronic plurality of retranslations of Shakespeare's tragedies. An analysis of different approaches to determining the levels of equivalence is given: E. Nida and K. Rice distinguish formal and dynamic equivalence; J. Catford differentiates formal equivalent and text equivalent; J. House determines the difference between explicit and implicit translation. W. Koller distinguishes five types of equivalence: denotative equivalence, connotative equivalence, text-normative equivalence, pragmatic equivalence, and formal equivalence. V. Komissarov defines the levels of equivalence that form a hierarchical structure: levels of communication objectives, description of the situation, utterance, messages, and linguistic signs. The article highlights the notion of diachronic plurality of retranslations of a time-remote original text on the example of Ukrainian retranslations of the XIX–XXI centuries of Shakespeare's tragedies „Hamlet” and „Romeo and Juliet” and defines the basic principles of equivalence theory on which diachronic plurality of retranslations is based. The specifics of translators' use of different strategies in achieving equivalence of the original text and the translated one, which are due to the creative personality of the translator and translation style, is described. The article demonstrates that achieving the equivalence of a time-remote original text that is not a fixed quantity is a very important task for every translator, whose decision is determined by various factors, including the translator's choice of appropriate strategies and tactics. Each translation reflects its „own” original, which always follows from the individual vision of the text by the translator.

scholarly journals Prozodia, semantyka, styl – o hierarchii poziomów ekwiwalencji w tłumaczeniu piosenki kabaretowej (studium przypadku: polskojęzyczne warianty Money… Freda Ebba)

LingVaria ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2(32)) ◽  
pp. 119-129
Author(s):  
Aneta Wysocka
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Text Organization ◽  
Cabaret Songs ◽  
Similar Images ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Pragmatic Equivalence

Prosody, Semantics and Style. On the Hierarchy of Levels of Equivalence in the Translation of Cabaret Songs (Case Study: Polish Versions of Fred Ebb's Money…) The article is a case study and contains a comparative analysis of four variants of the Polish translation of Fred Ebb and John Kander’s song Money… from the musical “Cabaret”. The author of the translation is Wojciech Młynarski, one of the most respected Polish songwriters of the second half of the twentieth century. In the study, an assumption is made that Młynarski, who repeatedly changed versions of his translation, sought to create the most faithful rendition of the songs from the musical for the needs of the Polish stage. His efforts can be observed at four levels of text organization. The translator aimed mainly for sound equivalence, i.e. conformity with the original song in terms of rhythm (word stress), rhyme (consonance) and voice instrumentation and, to a lesser extent, sound imitation. He also cared about pragmatic equivalence by rendering into Polish the original intentions, with particular emphasis on the modes of indirect communication, such as irony and satire. However, other aspects of equivalence remained in the background. Not everywhere the translator managed to keep the cognitive equivalence, i.e. convergence of imagery, by translating scenes and scenarios that were part of cultural knowledge into parallel ones and, more broadly, by trying to evoke similar images in the mind of the reader and listener. His efforts to achieve the effect of broadly understood stylistic equivalence were also noteworthy; only to a small extent they consisted in giving the right stylistic coloring to the individual lexical items which had their English equivalents, and they mainly boiled down to translating stylistic games that did not necessarily cover the same fragments of the song, though were usually based on the same mechanism (a clash between low and high style, absurdity). The analysis shows that the translator adopted tabular rather than linear approach to the original.

AGB stars of the Magellanic Clouds as seen within the Δa photometric system

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (S343) ◽  
pp. 487-488
Author(s):  
Ernst Paunzen ◽  
Jan Janík ◽  
Petr Kurfürst ◽  
Jiří Liška ◽  
Martin Netopil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Type ◽  
Magellanic Clouds ◽  
Asymptotic Giant Branch ◽  
Photometric System ◽  
Agb Stars ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe a-index samples the flux of the 5200 Å region by comparing the flux at the center with the adjacent regions. The final intrinsic peculiarity index Δa was defined as the difference between the individual a-values and the a-values of normal stars of the same colour (spectral type). Here we present, for the first time, a case study to detect and analyse Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars in the Magellanic Clouds. For this, we use our photometric survey of the Magellanic Clouds within the a-index. We find that AGB stars can be easily detected on the basis of their Δa index in an efficient way.

Multiculturalism in Canada: Individual vs. Collective Rights  

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meaghan Dalby
Keyword(s):  
Hate Crimes ◽  
Individual Rights ◽  
Group Rights ◽  
Collective Rights ◽  
Controversial Topic ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Canadian Culture ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual

This essay will look at the controversial topic of multiculturalism in Canada.  It will explore aspects of individual rights compared with group rights.  This is a very important topic to Canadians, as they claim to live in a multicultural nation where many different groups co‐exist.  In order to answer the many questions which arise with this topic, it is first necessary to define multiculturalism as it has developed throughout the nation.  With this background in mind, it will be easier to understand where individual rights stemmed from.  Did they evolve on their own, or do they stem from group rights and traditions which were already in existence? Does this make a difference when we compare the two?  As multiculturalism becomes more prominent in Canadian culture, and the rights of the group come to the forefront, where do individual rights stand?  Immigrants coming to Canada can expect that their cultural differences will be tolerated and respected, yet problems can arise if individual rights are infringed upon.  This essay will specifically look at the case study of Sharia Law infringing on women’s rights in Ontario, and Ernst Zundel who spread hate crimes against the Jews under the pretext of the individual right to free speech. Through these case studies, it will be determined whether Canadians prefer to have their individual rights protected, or respect their cultural and groups rights above all else.   The conclusion will express how Canadians feel about the difference between group and individual rights.

scholarly journals Vladimir Nabokov’s Self-Translated Lolita: Revisiting the Original Alliterative Modes

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (27) ◽  
pp. 115-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artūras Cechanovičius ◽  
Jadvyga Krūminienė
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Investigation ◽  
Distinctive Feature ◽  
Russian Translation ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Original Text ◽  
English Novel ◽  
Russian Version ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Writing Activity

This paper is a case study comparison of Vladimir Nabokov’s self-translated Russian version of his English novel Lolita with its original text within the frame of the theory of literary translation. Here, self-translation is referred to as a branch of literary translation whose distinctive feature is that the work is both composed and translated by the same person. It is interesting to observe that, for the most part, the authors who translate their own works into another language are bilingual. Theoretical investigation into the field of self-translation is a recent endeavour; the term only appeared around 1976. Before it appeared in A Dictionary for the Analysis of Literary Translation, self-translation was thought to be related to bilingualism, and was therefore approached from the perspective of linguistics.This paper analyses some alliterative modes, including suballiteration, produced by Nabokov in the two versions of Lolita. Throughout, the process of translation is viewed as a “two-stage reading-writing activity.” The novel’s translation into Lithuanian, which was performed from Nabokov’s Russian translation, is used to show the difference between translation and selftranslation, and to reveal the clash or the interplay between the foreign and the domestic in the development of alliterative appeal.

scholarly journals WHAT IS THE PRICE OF OUTDOOR ADVERTISING: A CASE STUDY OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 386-391
Author(s):  
JAROSLAV ZAHRÁDKA ◽  
VERONIKA MACHOVÁ ◽  
JIŘÍ KUČERA
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Outdoor Advertising ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Outdoor Advertisement ◽  
The Individual

The aim of the paper is to analyze the price of outdoor advertising in various regions of the Czech Republic. The base source of data is the website plakatov.cz, from which the prices of outdoor advertisement in individual regions were obtained. The results show that the prices of outdoor advertisement in the individual regions are the same. The main difference is in how many outdoor advertisements are located in individual regions for the lowest and how many for the highest price. An overview was created, which shows what is the price of outdoor advertisement in each region, how many ads are located in each region and subsequently, the data is displayed using a map. The results show that the cheapest outdoor advertisement is located in the Hradec Králové region. The price of the outdoor advertisement in the Hradec Králové Region is CZK 5,204. On the contrary, the most expensive outdoor advertisement is in Prague. The price of outdoor advertising in Prague is CZK 16,567. Most outdoor advertisements are located in Prague. There are 174 outdoor advertisements in Prague. The lowest number of outdoor advertisements is in the Pardubice and Zlín regions. There are 18 outdoor advertisements in both regions. The difference between outdoor advertisements in the Pardubice and Zlín regions is in their price. While in the Zlín Region outdoor advertising costs CZK 6,466, in the Pardubice Region it costs CZK 12,333. The results are beneficial for people who are interested in outdoor advertising. They are mostly beneficial for outdoor advertising producers to know their standing compared to their competition and other regions.

THE PSYCHOLINGUISTIC APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF THE LITERARY TEXT (A CASE STUDY OF THE TEXT FRAGMENT OF THE NOVEL “THE LIGHT BETWEEN OCEANS” BY M. L. STEDMAN)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (28) ◽  
pp. 86-94
Author(s):  
Tetyana Druzhyna
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Original Text ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Lexical Diversity ◽  
Text Fragment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Average Size

The article deals with the approach to the psycholinguistic analysis of the original text (the text fragment of the novel “The Light between Oceans” written by M. L. Stedman) and the text of the translation (the Ukrainian translation performed by N. Khaietska). Psycholinguistics is aimed at studying the language as a phenomenon of the mentality, at “disclosing” the work of the translators, their actual actions on the psychological level. The three stages of translation are also of the psychological nature (the understanding of the source text, the “comprehension” of the forms of the source language and the choice of the forms of the target language). Any perception occurs in the field of the psychological science, that’s why there arises the need to highlight the psycholinguistic assumptions of the analysis and the interpretation of a literary text. The employment of the psycholinguistic analysis of a literary text is very useful and appropriate, since it can be used to investigate how professional translators transmit the emotional content of the text to other languages. The method of psycholinguistic text analysis is focused on the study of the linguistic and stylistic characteristics of the texts. The following main categories are taken into account: the scope of the text; the number of sentences; their average size; the coefficient of vocabulary (lexical) diversity; the coefficient of verbiage / aggressiveness; the coefficient of logical connectivity; the coefficient of embolism. The psycholinguistic text analysis has revealed that the text of the translation corresponds to the original text. The difference between the main categories is rather insignificant and can not affect the perception of the translated text by the recipients. The content-analysis has shown that the translated text contains all the categories of the original text and the number of the analyzed words is identical. This proves the correspondence and adequacy of the translated text, its high ability to reproduce fully the author’s intention.

The Development of Language-Training Programs for Postrubella Hearing-Impaired Children

1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Lynch ◽  
Annette Tobin
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Target Behaviors ◽  
Systematic Fashion ◽  
Development Of Language ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Hearing Impaired Children

This paper presents the procedures developed and used in the individual treatment programs for a group of preschool, postrubella, hearing-impaired children. A case study illustrates the systematic fashion in which the clinician plans programs for each child on the basis of the child’s progress at any given time during the program. The clinician’s decisions are discussed relevant to (1) the choice of a mode(s) for the child and the teacher, (2) the basis for selecting specific target behaviors, (3) the progress of each program, and (4) the implications for future programming.

‘A Routh O’ Auld Nick-Nackets’ – the antiquarian collection of John Rae

2015 ◽  
Vol 36-37 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-183
Author(s):  
Paul Taylor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Representative Case ◽  
National Museums ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University

John Rae, a Scottish antiquarian collector and spirit merchant, played a highly prominent role in the local natural history societies and exhibitions of nineteenth-century Aberdeen. While he modestly described his collection of archaeological lithics and other artefacts, principally drawn from Aberdeenshire but including some items from as far afield as the United States, as a mere ‘routh o’ auld nick-nackets' (abundance of old knick-knacks), a contemporary singled it out as ‘the best known in private hands' (Daily Free Press 4/5/91). After Rae's death, Glasgow Museums, National Museums Scotland, the University of Aberdeen Museum and the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford, as well as numerous individual private collectors, purchased items from the collection. Making use of historical and archive materials to explore the individual biography of Rae and his collection, this article examines how Rae's collecting and other antiquarian activities represent and mirror wider developments in both the ‘amateur’ antiquarianism carried out by Rae and his fellow collectors for reasons of self-improvement and moral education, and the ‘professional’ antiquarianism of the museums which purchased his artefacts. Considered in its wider nineteenth-century context, this is a representative case study of the early development of archaeology in the wider intellectual, scientific and social context of the era.

Drowning in negativism, self-hate, doubt, madness: Linguistic insights into Sylvia Plath’s experience of depression

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsófia Demjén
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Medical Humanities ◽  
Sylvia Plath ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Linguistic Methods ◽  
Linguistic Approach

This paper demonstrates how a range of linguistic methods can be harnessed in pursuit of a deeper understanding of the ‘lived experience’ of psychological disorders. It argues that such methods should be applied more in medical contexts, especially in medical humanities. Key extracts from The Unabridged Journals of Sylvia Plath are examined, as a case study of the experience of depression. Combinations of qualitative and quantitative linguistic methods, and inter- and intra-textual comparisons are used to consider distinctive patterns in the use of metaphor, personal pronouns and (the semantics of) verbs, as well as other relevant aspects of language. Qualitative techniques provide in-depth insights, while quantitative corpus methods make the analyses more robust and ensure the breadth necessary to gain insights into the individual experience. Depression emerges as a highly complex and sometimes potentially contradictory experience for Plath, involving both a sense of apathy and inner turmoil. It involves a sense of a split self, trapped in a state that one cannot overcome, and intense self-focus, a turning in on oneself and a view of the world that is both more negative and more polarized than the norm. It is argued that a linguistic approach is useful beyond this specific case.

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