What factors influence measles, mumps and rubella vaccine hesitancy among parents? A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Jade Stewart ◽  
Lynn Sayer
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Rubella Vaccine ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Health Choices ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Free Status

Background The United Kingdom lost its measles free status in 2019 because of an increase in measles cases, resulting from lowered vaccination uptake. Aims This review aims to gather a deeper understanding about parents' health choices for their children related to this vaccination. Methods A systematic review was carried out with a literature search using CINHAL, MEDLINE and OVID databases to identify information published between September 2016 and February 2020. A critical appraisal of seven studies was completed and a mixed methods synthesis was used to explore the results. Results The review identified factors that contribute to a parent's decision to vaccinate their child against measles, mumps and rubella. Five themes emerged: parental knowledge, attitudes and beliefs; safety concerns; specific groups related to religion and natural lifestyles; socioeconomic factors; and the source of health information. Conclusions Ongoing health promotion is required for the UK to work towards regaining its measles free status.

The Interpretation of House Price Statistics for the United Kingdom

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1109-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Fleming ◽  
J G Nellis
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
House Prices ◽  
House Price ◽  
Price Inflation ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Price Levels ◽  
Incomplete Coverage ◽  
The Uk

A survey is made of all official and unofficial sources of statistics on house prices in the UK. This is followed by a critical appraisal of the evidence they provide about national and regional price levels and about house price inflation. Attention is focused on two crucial factors: the representativeness of the data and the heterogeneity of houses. It is concluded that incomplete coverage of all house transactions means that most series tend to overstate price levels and that intertemporal and interregional comparisons are sensitive to the composition by type of houses traded.

scholarly journals The Mental Health and Wellbeing of EU Citizens in the UK: A Systematic Review of the Qualitative Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Piotr Teodorowski ◽  
Ruth Woods ◽  
Catriona Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Migration Experiences ◽  
Qualitative Literature

Moving to a new country impacts on migrants’ mental health and wellbeing. There are over 3.6 million European Union citizens living in the United Kingdom. We conducted a systematic review of the qualitative literature to explore what is known about their mental health and wellbeing at the post-migration stage in pre-Brexit period. We searched five databases from 1st January 2009 to 19th February 2019; Web of Science, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SocIndex and Scopus for studies. Ten papers reporting nine studies were included in this review. Two themes were constructed; a narrative of adjustment and of employment realities. The former focuses on the process of settling in and the role of social connectedness. The latter concerns employment realities with included studies exploring the financial position and employment experiences of migrants. Findings indicate that we still know relatively little about the range of post-migration experiences among EU citizens and their implications for mental health

scholarly journals INVESTIGATING FUTURE PHARMACISTS UNDERSTANDING OF VACCINES AND MYTHS SURROUNDING VACCINATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
SIDRAH ZAHID ◽  
HANA MORRISSEY ◽  
PATRICK BALL
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
White Students ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Minority Ethnic Group ◽  
Rubella Vaccine ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Free Status

Objective: The United Kingdom has lost its measles, mumps and rubella free status due to a decline in vaccination uptake. There are several beliefs such as safety concern and media influence that discourage people from having vaccinations. To identify gaps in knowledge of vaccination within 3rd year pharmacy students, and to observe whether they can spot myths about vaccines, in particular the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine. Methods: A questionnaire-based approach was used after gaining ethical approval which included a range of open and closed questions. Results: None of the participants could identify the six common myths reported by the World Health Organisation and 40% failed to accurately identify the type of vaccine of the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine. There were clear gaps in knowledge on vaccines in participants particularly from black, Asian and minority ethnic group participants compared to white students. Educating participants about the myths could have positive future implications on their scientific knowledge when they work as pharmacists. Conclusion: Many students did not accurately identify the myths surrounding vaccines and were provided informative leaflets to enhance their scientific knowledge. The gaps in knowledge identified, demonstrates that further teaching sessions should be implemented to cover the grey areas, allowing them to appropriately recommend vaccinations in the future.

scholarly journals Rubella in England, Scotland and Wales

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Tookey
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Notifiable Disease ◽  
Rubella Vaccine ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Imported Infections ◽  
In Pregnancy

Rubella vaccine was offered to schoolgirls in the United Kingdom (UK) from 1970, with antenatal testing and postpartum vaccination for susceptible women introduced during the 1970s. Mass vaccination with MMR of children aged 12-15 months was introduced in 1988; schoolgirl vaccination was discontinued in 1996 and replaced by a second dose of MMR for pre-school children; postpartum vaccination of susceptible women identified through antenatal testing continues. Rubella was made a notifiable disease in 1988, and is monitored through clinical and laboratory reports; data are available on rubella associated terminations and congenital rubella syndrome(CRS) births, rubella susceptibility in population subgroups, and vaccine uptake. Reported cases of CRS declined from about 50 a year 1971-75 to just over 20 a year 1986-90, and rubella associated terminations from an average of 750 to 50 a year. About 40 infants with CRS have been reported since 1991; about a third of their mothers were infected abroad, most in their country of origin (imported infections), a third were born abroad but acquired infection in the UK, and a third were UK-born. Women living in the UK who were born abroad have much higher rubella susceptibility rates than UK-born women. Although there is currently very little rubella infection circulating, uptake of MMR has dropped by over 10% since 1995. If rubella starts to circulate again, immigrant women will be at increased risk of acquiring infection in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Preparing for a COVID-19 vaccine: Identifying and psychologically profiling those who are vaccine hesitant or resistant in two general population samples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Murphy ◽  
Frédérique Vallières ◽  
Richard Bentall ◽  
Mark Shevlin ◽  
Orla McBride ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Uk

Successful delivery of a COVID-19 vaccine may be undermined if populations are not receptive to inoculation as a primary public health strategy for combatting the virus. We gathered nationally representative data from the general adult populations of Ireland (N=1,041) and the United Kingdom (UK; N=2,025) to determine rates of hesitancy and resistance to a future COVID-19 vaccine and to identify and psychologically profile vaccine hesitant/resistant individuals in a way that might aid future public health messaging. Vaccine hesitancy was evident for 26% and 25% of Irish and UK samples, respectively, while vaccine resistance was evident for 9% and 6%, respectively. Vaccine hesitant/resistant respondents in Ireland and the UK differed in relation to a number of sociodemographic, political, and health-related variables, but were similar across a broad array of psychological constructs. In both populations, those who were resistant to a COVID-19 vaccine were less likely to obtain information about the pandemic from traditional and authoritative sources and had similar levels of mistrust in these sources. The current findings may help public health officials to more effectively target vaccine hesitant and resistant individuals, develop effective communication strategies that take into account their specific psychological dispositions, and leverage dissemination channels that can successfully reach these individuals.

scholarly journals Psychological characteristics associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and resistance in Ireland and the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Murphy ◽  
Frédérique Vallières ◽  
Richard P. Bentall ◽  
Mark Shevlin ◽  
Orla McBride ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Uk

AbstractIdentifying and understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy within distinct populations may aid future public health messaging. Using nationally representative data from the general adult populations of Ireland (N = 1041) and the United Kingdom (UK; N = 2025), we found that vaccine hesitancy/resistance was evident for 35% and 31% of these populations respectively. Vaccine hesitant/resistant respondents in Ireland and the UK differed on a number of sociodemographic and health-related variables but were similar across a broad array of psychological constructs. In both populations, those resistant to a COVID-19 vaccine were less likely to obtain information about the pandemic from traditional and authoritative sources and had similar levels of mistrust in these sources compared to vaccine accepting respondents. Given the geographical proximity and socio-economic similarity of the populations studied, it is not possible to generalize findings to other populations, however, the methodology employed here may be useful to those wishing to understand COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy elsewhere.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on the Prevalence of Physical Activity, and Barriers and Facilitators to Physical Activity, in Informal Carers in the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-218
Author(s):  
Joanna Horne ◽  
Nichola Kentzer ◽  
Lee Smith ◽  
Mike Trott ◽  
Jitka Vseteckova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Informal Carers ◽  
The Uk

Background: It is estimated that 17% of the UK adult population are informal carers, usually for a family member, with a majority reporting that they are not able to engage in physical activity as much as they would like. The aim of this review is to provide a greater understanding of the prevalence of, and barriers and facilitators to, physical activity of informal carers in the United Kingdom. Methods: A systematic review of relevant databases and grey literature was undertaken, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidance, from its inception until July 17, 2020. Results: Barriers to physical activity include increasing aging, not wanting to leave the caree alone, the caree being unable to take part in activities, health conditions, fatigue, lack of time, and difficulties in changing the routine for the caree. Facilitators include an appreciation of the benefits of engaging in exercise, previous participation in activities, group activities with similar people, and having some free time. Conclusions: Due to the paucity of research into the prevalence of, and barriers and facilitators to, physical activity in informal carers in the United Kingdom, this systematic review highlights the need for further research, focusing primarily on the physical activity of informal carers caring for individuals with a range of conditions. A further systematic review exploring these issues internationally is warranted.

scholarly journals Preparing for a COVID-19 vaccine: Identifying and psychologically profiling those who are vaccine hesitant or resistant in two general population samples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Murphy ◽  
Frédérique Vallières ◽  
Richard Bentall ◽  
Mark Shevlin ◽  
Orla McBride ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Uk

Successful delivery of a COVID-19 vaccine may be undermined if populations are not receptive to inoculation as a primary public health strategy for combatting the virus. We gathered nationally representative data from the general adult populations of Ireland (N=1,041) and the United Kingdom (UK; N=2,025) to determine rates of hesitancy and resistance to a future COVID-19 vaccine and to identify and psychologically profile vaccine hesitant/resistant individuals in a way that might aid future public health messaging. Vaccine hesitancy was evident for 26% and 25% of Irish and UK samples, respectively, while vaccine resistance was evident for 9% and 6%, respectively. Vaccine hesitant/resistant respondents in Ireland and the UK differed in relation to a number of sociodemographic, political, and health-related variables, but were similar across a broad array of psychological constructs. In both populations, those who were resistant to a COVID-19 vaccine were less likely to obtain information about the pandemic from traditional and authoritative sources and had similar levels of mistrust in these sources. The current findings may help public health officials to more effectively target vaccine hesitant and resistant individuals, develop effective communication strategies that take into account their specific psychological dispositions, and leverage dissemination channels that can successfully reach these individuals.

scholarly journals Ethnicity and outcomes in COVID-19 in the United Kingdom: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sania Siddiq ◽  
Saima Ahmed ◽  
Irfan Akram
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Intensive Care Admission ◽  
Adjusted Analysis ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Mortality Outcome ◽  
The Uk

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 disease in the ethnic minorities of the UK in comparison to the White ethnic group. Medline, Embase, Cochrane, MedRxiv, and Prospero were searched for articles published between May 2020 to April 2021. PROSPERO ID: CRD42021248117. Fourteen studies (767177 participants) were included in the review. In the adjusted analysis, the pooled Odds Ratio (OR) for the mortality outcome was higher for the Black (1.83, 95% CI: 1.21-2.76), Asian (1.16, 95% CI: 0.85-1.57), and Mixed and Other (MO) groups (1.12, 95% CI: 1.04-1.20) compared to the White group. The adjusted and unadjusted ORs of intensive care admission were more than double for all ethnicities (OR Black 2.32, 95% CI: 1.73-3.11, Asian 2.34, 95% CI: 1.89-2.90, MO group 2.26, 95% CI: 1.64-3.11). In the adjusted analysis of mechanical ventilation need the ORs were similarly significantly raised (Black group 2.03, 95% CI: 1.80-2.29, Asian group 1.84, 95% CI: 1.20-2.80, MO 2.09, 95% CI: 1.35-3.22). This review confirmed that all ethnic groups in the UK suffered from increased disease severity and mortality with regards to COVID-19. This has urgent public health and policy implications to reduce the health disparities.

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