An unsustainable sector?

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Sue Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Early Years ◽  
Living Wage ◽  
The Face

As settings battle to remain sustainable in the face of rising costs and the Covid-19 pandemic, the increase in the National Living Wage in April 2022 seems set to force an increasing number to close their doors permanently. Sue Cowley takes a look at the latest picture around early years funding, staff pay and conditions, and the sustainability of settings.

Transformations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Wernke
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Burial Practices ◽  
Sacred Landscapes ◽  
The Andes ◽  
The People ◽  
The Face

Spanish rule in the Andes claimed legitimacy based on the missionary project to convert indigenous peoples to Christianity. This chapter details the early years of Catholic evangelization, when priests began to learn indigenous languages and to explain religious concepts in terms familiar to Inca and other Andean religious practices. In the face of indigenous heterodoxy and resistance, the missionary project took more intrusive forms, intervening in indigenous settlement and burial practices. Recent archaeological and ethnohistoric advances offer case studies for understanding religious actions to turn the people of the Inca world away from their pre-contact sacred landscapes and community rituals.

Small steps, big progress

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 42-42
Author(s):  
Angelica Celinska
Keyword(s):  
Early Years ◽  
The Face

Progression is not always linear, so it is important to be open minded about, and accepting of, the changes, opportunities and curveballs that life brings. It is often the case that passion is the fuel for progression even in the face of difficulty. This is clear from MA student Kelly Hunston, who's passion shines through here when she talks about the early years.

A reconsideration of the EWOM construct in restaurant research: what are we really measuring?

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 3479-3500
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Discepoli Line ◽  
Lydia Hanks ◽  
Tarik Dogru
Keyword(s):  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Electronic Word Of Mouth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Latent Construct ◽  
The Face ◽  
Important Field ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Purpose With the proliferation of internet-based communication channels, understanding how restaurant consumers engage in electronic word of mouth (EWOM) has become an important field of academic pursuit. However, while communication channels have become more numerous and complex, the methods used to operationalize the attendant EWOM behaviors on these channels have remained relatively simplistic. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to consider existing methods of measuring restaurant EWOM in terms of their face validity in the contemporary communications landscape. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a total of six independent surveys that use various combinations of sampling, methodological and analytical approaches to demonstrate, measurement, social media, methodology, user-generated content, EWOM, electronic word of mouth the multiple problems associated with the measurement of restaurant EWOM as a latent construct. Findings The results suggest that the current methods for measuring EWOM are indeed outdated, indicating the need for a more nuanced approach to the academic pursuit of EWOM behavior. Research limitations/implications The existing methods of measuring restaurant EWOM are found to be invalid for many reasons. These methods of measuring EWOM should be abandoned in favor of channel-specific operationalizations that control for previous behavior and respondents’ account access at a minimum. Originality/value As its inception, many studies have operationalized restaurant EWOM as an intention-based construct used to measure an individual’s likelihood to communicate information about hospitality experiences “online.” While such measures were no doubt valid in the early years of EWOM research, the research is the first to criticize the face validity of this approach in terms of its relevance in the contemporary communications environment.

Flight and fortitude: the decline of the middle class in Zimbabwe

Africa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-547
Author(s):  
Roger Southall
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Black Middle Class ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Arena ◽  
National Union ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article focuses on the impact of the policies of the ruling Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) government on Zimbabwe's black middle class. It does so by exploring three propositions emerging from the academic literature. The first is that during the early years of independence, the middle class transformed into a party-aligned bourgeoisie. The second is that, to the extent that the middle class has not left the country as a result of the economic plunge from the 1990s, it played a formative role in opposition to ZANU-PF and the political elite. The third is that, in the face of ZANU-PF's authoritarianism and economic hardship, the middle class has largely withdrawn from the political arena.

A Revolution in the Courts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Milewski
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
The South ◽  
Federal Support ◽  
White Southerners ◽  
Freedmen's Bureau ◽  
The Face

Chapter 1 traces the long, hard-fought battle over black southerners’ legal rights that took place during and in the wake of the Civil War. Individual African Americans who fought for their rights in the face of incursions by their former masters and other whites were at the front lines of this battle. By appealing to federal agencies like the Freedmen’s Bureau, hiring lawyers, and testifying in courtrooms throughout the South, they mounted a stiff challenge to white southerners’ attempts to continue to largely shut them out of the courts. The federally operated Freedmen’s Bureau and the northern military occupying the South also worked to open southern courts to African Americans during the early years of Reconstruction. In addition, Congressional Republicans’ takeover of Reconstruction helped give some black southerners the federal support to exercise the rights they claimed.

The Nature of Schizophrenia: Signposts to Prevention

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. A14-A21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick D. McGorry
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Early Years ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
The Face ◽  
National Mental Health

Objective To describe the characteristics of schizophrenia relevant to conducting indicated preventive interventions. Method A systematic review of the literature informed by experiences at the Personal Assistance and Crisis Evaluation (PACE) clinic. Results Primary prevention requires a sophisticated knowledge of key causal risk factors relevant to the expression of a disorder. The causal risk factors most useful from an intervention standpoint may turn out to be somewhat removed from the neurobiology of the disorder and may even be relatively non-specific, so that tackling them could reduce the risks for a range of mental disorders. The frontier for more specific prevention in schizophrenia and related psychosis is currently represented by indicated preventive interventions for subthreshold symptoms. Again, these may be relatively broad spectrum early in the prepsychotic phase but more proximal to onset, greater treatment specificity can be explored. However, this can be viewed more as preventively orientated treatment rather than primary prevention per se. Early detection of first episode psychosis and optimal intensive treatment of first episodes and the critical early years after diagnosis also represent increasingly attractive preventive foci in psychotic disorders. Conclusion As evidence accumulates, implementation of evidence-based practice in real work settings is a major challenge as it is throughout the mental health service system. The momentum of preventively orientated treatment must be maintained through the 2nd National Mental Health Strategy and in the face of recent misleading polemic regarding the treatability of psychotic disorders, especially schizophrenia. The evidence demonstrates that schizophrenia and related disorders have never been more treatable.

Our ‘non negotiables’

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
Di Chilvers
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Face

Di Chilvers invites practitioners to reflect on what really matters in the Early Years Foundation Stage and emphasises that the essentials of existing best practice must be retained in the face of change.

scholarly journals SPEAKING LIKE A NATIVE: VERNACULAR LANGUAGES AND THE STATE IN SOUTHERN RHODESIA, 1890–1935

2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIANA JEATER
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
The Face ◽  
Southern Rhodesia

During the early years of white administration in Southern Rhodesia, few whites spoke the local vernaculars. The state used those few, largely traders and farmers, to translate and interpret. Members of the Native Affairs Department were expected to learn ‘on the job’. However, by the early 1920s, poor language abilities in the civil services, combined with growing segregationist tendencies in the face of African competition, prompted the state to reconsider whites’ knowledge of the vernaculars. The issue raised important questions about defining the boundary between ‘natives’ and ‘civilized peoples’, interactions between white and African communities, and the long-term project for the state.

Bigger Than Life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ann Doane
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Early Cinema ◽  
Surround Sound ◽  
Modern Subject ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of

In Bigger Than Life Mary Ann Doane examines how the scalar operations of cinema, especially those of the close-up, disturb and reconfigure the spectator's sense of place, space, and orientation. Doane traces the history of scalar transformations from early cinema to the contemporary use of digital technology. In the early years of cinema, audiences regarded the monumental close-up, particularly of the face, as grotesque and often horrifying, even as it sought to expose a character's interiority through its magnification of detail and expression. Today, large-scale technologies such as IMAX and surround sound strive to dissolve the cinematic frame and invade the spectator's space, “immersing” them in image and sound. The notion of immersion, Doane contends, is symptomatic of a crisis of location in technologically mediated space and a reconceptualization of position, scale, and distance. In this way, cinematic scale and its modes of spatialization and despatialization have shaped the modern subject, interpolating them into the incessant expansion of commodification.

Between Hospitality and Hostility: Public Attitudes and State Policies Toward Syrian Refugees in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sefa Secen ◽  
Mustafa Gurbuz
Keyword(s):  
Public Attitudes ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Active Engagement ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Public ◽  
Syrian Civil War ◽  
The Face ◽  
Syrian Conflict

This article provides an overview of the public attitudes and state policies toward Syrian refugees in Turkey between 2011 and 2020. Turkey’s policies toward refugees and the Syrian conflict have gradually changed over the course of the last nine years (2011–2020). Turkey’s legal approach to Syrian refugees has transformed from nonrecognition to recognition and from recognition to integration. Likewise, its military strategy has grown from one of limited engagement into one of active engagement in the face of ISIS attacks and YPG’s consolidation of power in northern Syria. Contrary to the generous policies adopted toward Syrian refugees during the early years of the Syrian civil war, a nativist turn and the weaponization of refugees against the European Union came to characterize the country’s approach in recent years as the country became more involved militarily in the Syrian conflict.

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