How not to miss infective causes of hip pain in children

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Emile Oliver ◽  
Pranab Sinha ◽  
Murtaza Khwaja ◽  
Michael Thilagarajah
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Joint Destruction ◽  
Hip Pain ◽  
Transient Synovitis ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Common Causes

A referral from accident and emergency for a child with hip pain is a scenario commonly faced by orthopaedic juniors on call. The list of differentials is vast and can make assessment and diagnosis challenging, with severe consequences if diagnosis is delayed or missed. Three common causes of paediatric hip pain are septic arthritis, transient synovitis and osteomyelitis. These can all present as a child with atraumatic hip pain, irritability, fever and refusal to weight bear. Differentiating between them can be challenging. A thorough history and examination, combined with appropriate investigations and imaging, is essential. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are key to reducing irreversible secondary sequelae of joint destruction and long-term functional impairment.

scholarly journals Hip Pain in The Paediatric Age Group - Transient Synovitis Versus Septic Arthritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-28
Author(s):  
GT Tay ◽  
M Ashik ◽  
B Tow ◽  
Kevin BL Lim
Keyword(s):  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Hip Pain ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Transient Synovitis ◽  
Paediatric Age

scholarly journals Septic Arthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint Secondary to Acute Otitis Media in an Adult: A Rare Case with Achromobacter xylosoxidans

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Ryan Chin Taw Cheong ◽  
Laura Harding
Keyword(s):  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Japanese Literature ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotics

Septic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint (SATMJ) is a rare complication of acute otitis media (AOM) with only four reported cases in the English and Japanese literature. Based on the unusual nature of this clinical condition, we discuss the first documented case due to Achromobacter xylosoxidans and the utility of myringotomy with long-term intravenous antibiotics via a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). We describe the case of a 76-year-old male patient that was brought in by ambulance to the accident and emergency (A&E) department due to severe right-sided otalgia with increased hearing impairment. A clinical diagnosis of acute otitis media with sepsis was made and the patient was commenced on the sepsis protocol. He then developed symptoms of septic arthritis of the TMJ which was confirmed on radiological imaging. After a multidisciplinary team discussion, the patient was treated with a myringotomy and intravenous ceftriaxone for 8 weeks in the community via a PICC rather than TMJ arthrocentesis with positive outcomes at 3 months’ follow-up.

Osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in children

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Huntley ◽  
H. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Kingella Kingae ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Prompt Treatment

♦Staphylococcus aureus is the commonest organism causing both septic arthritis and osteomyelitis♦ There has been a decline in the number of infantile infections due to Haemophilus influenzae but both Kingella kingae and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are increasing♦ Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are key elements to the treatment of both conditions (Boxes 13.1.1 and 13.1.2).

scholarly journals Advanced and futuristic approaches for breast cancer diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayanti Mishra ◽  
Bhumika Kumar ◽  
Monika Targhotra ◽  
P. K. Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Delay In Treatment

Abstract Background Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer and one of the most common causes of death in women, impacting almost 2 million women each year. Tenacity or perseverance of breast cancer in women is very high these days with an extensive increasing rate of 3 to 5% every year. Along with hurdles faced during treatment of breast tumor, one of the crucial causes of delay in treatment is invasive and poor diagnostic techniques for breast cancer hence the early diagnosis of breast tumors will help us to improve its management and treatment in the initial stage. Main body Present review aims to explore diagnostic techniques for breast cancer that are currently being used, recent advancements that aids in prior detection and evaluation and are extensively focused on techniques that are going to be future of breast cancer detection with better efficiency and lesser pain to patients so that it helps to a physician to prevent delay in treatment of cancer. Here, we have discussed mammography and its advanced forms that are the need of current era, techniques involving radiation such as radionuclide methods, the potential of nanotechnology by using nanoparticle in breast cancer, and how the new inventions such as breath biopsy, and X-ray diffraction of hair can simply use as a prominent method in breast cancer early and easy detection tool. Conclusion It is observed significantly that advancement in detection techniques is helping in early diagnosis of breast cancer; however, we have to also focus on techniques that will improve the future of cancer diagnosis in like optical imaging and HER2 testing.

Recognition and management of neonatal sepsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 410-415
Author(s):  
Luke William Crocker ◽  
Ayesha White ◽  
Paul Anthony Heaton ◽  
Débora Pascoal Horta ◽  
Siba Prosad Paul
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Suspected Sepsis ◽  
Serious Illness ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Serious Infection ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Red Flag

Neonatal sepsis results from acute bacterial or viral infection occurring in the first 28 days of life. It causes significant morbidity and mortality, although the outcome can be improved by early recognition and prompt treatment by health professionals. This article describes the most common causes of sepsis, and explains why neonates are particularly vulnerable to infection. It highlights the non-specific way in which an infant with a serious infection may present, indicating the crucial features to elicit during history taking and examination, and emphasising the ‘red-flag’ signs and symptoms that should increase suspicion of a serious illness. The authors have adapted National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines to produce an evidence-based approach to the management of an infant with suspected sepsis, and describe the roles of nurses in ensuring effective treatment and best outcomes for these babies.

scholarly journals Tubocutaneous Fistula

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Krishnaveni Nayini ◽  
Clive Gie
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Fistulous Tract ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Child Birth ◽  
The Right

Introduction. Tubocutaneous fistula is a very rare condition; most cases described in the literature are secondary to endometriosis, tuberculosis, and complications of child birth and gynecological operations.Case Presentation. We report a case of 40-year-old woman who presented with tubocutaneous fistula secondary to pelvic inflammatory disease which was diagnosed in the setting of persistent discharging wound in the right groin.Conclusion. Tubocutaneous fistula is a rare condition. Salpingectomy and resection of fistulous tract is the treatment of choice as is treating the underlying cause. Early diagnosis and treatment of these patients are essential for avoiding long term complications.

Epidemiologic, Bacteriologic, and Long-term Follow-up Data of Children With Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-305
Author(s):  
Peter Christiansen ◽  
Birgitte Frederiksen ◽  
Jens Glazowski ◽  
Michael Scavenius ◽  
Finn U. Knudsen
Keyword(s):  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Hematogenous Osteomyelitis ◽  
Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Management of Canine Y-T Humeral Fractures Using Titanium Polyaxial Locking Plates in 17 Dogs

2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Claudio Motta ◽  
Philip Witte ◽  
Andrew Craig
Keyword(s):  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Mild Impairment ◽  
Condylar Fractures

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to document the short- and medium-to-long-term outcomes and complication rates of Y-T humeral condylar fractures fixed using titanium polyaxial locking plate (T-PLP). A retrospective review was performed of the medical records and radiographs of dogs with a Y-T humeral condylar fracture treated with T-PLP at a single veterinary referral center (2012–2018). Seventeen cases met the inclusion criteria. Medium- to long-term follow-up (.6 mo) information was derived using the Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs (LOAD) questionnaire. Recorded complications were catastrophic (1/17) and minor (2/17). Gait at 10–12 wk following surgery was subjectively assessed as good or excellent for 13 cases. Radiographic bone union was achieved in 7/12 cases at 4–6 wk. LOAD scores obtained a mean of 15 mo (range 6–29 mo) following surgery and indicated no or mild impairment in 15/16 and moderate functional impairment in 1. The application of T-PLP for the treatment of Y-T humeral condylar fractures resulted in adequate stabilization allowing successful fracture healing and medium- to long-term outcomes comparable to previous reports. According to results of LOAD testing, the medium- to long-term follow-up suggests that clients were aware of mild to moderate functional impairment in all cases.

POTT’S PUFFY TUMOR: A CASE REPORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
V. Stoyanov ◽  
D. Petkov ◽  
P. Bozdukova
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Frontal Bone ◽  
Frontal Sinusitis ◽  
Subperiosteal Abscess ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Pott’S Puffy Tumor ◽  
Intracranial Complications ◽  
Life Threatening

Pott’s puffy tumor (PPT) is a rare complication of sinusitis characterized by osteomyelitis of the frontal bone with subperiosteal abscess presenting as frontal swelling. It was first described by Sir Percival Pott in 1768 in relation to frontal head trauma. Later, it was established that this entity is more common in relation to frontal sinusitis (1). In this article we report a case of PPT in a 17-year-old boy. CT scan confirmed subperiosteal abscess. At surgery, the subperiosteal abscess was drained and sequestrectomy of the affected frontal bone was done. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were given for 4 weeks. The patient recovered without residual problems and has remained well. PPT is now relatively uncommon and early diagnosis and prompt treatment is necessary to avoid further intracranial complications, which can be life-threatening.

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